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EN
Using of laser vibrometers in vibration measurement systems brings additional benefits due to the lack of impact of the sensor on the tested measuring system. Recently, leading rolling bearing manufacturers are equipping their diagnostic measuring systems with non-contact sensors. Doppler laser vibrometers are used interchangeably for electrodynamic sensors. This paper attempts to assess the vibrometer in use for measuring vibration of rolling bearings in industrial conditions.
EN
This paper presents a study of vibrations appearing in a vehicle in the process of its operation. The authors describe the primary source of the vibrations and their propagation in the entire structure. The observations were performed on the passenger cars with various gasoline and diesel engines. The aim was to examine the level of damping factor in the different locations in the car, precisely specified for the purpose of this studies. The secondary goal was to develop an effective method of obtaining and analyzing signals generated during the engine operation. The chosen instrument was Laser Doppler Vibrometer (LDV), which is used as the non-intrusive measurement utensil to detect velocity variations in designated places. The signals are gathered and collected as group of sinusoidal characteristics in the time domain. In order to achieve specific information about every component of the original signal, the authors apply Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) as the analyzing method. It allows to distinct the basic sinusoidal characteristics in the frequency domain through the spectral analysis. Based on the results, the authors are able to distinguish the dominant modes from the complex signal and indicate their impact on the car.
3
Content available Wibrometr mikroprocesorowy do pomiaru drgań maszyn
PL
W ramach niniejszej pracy przedstawiono projekt wibrometru mikroprocesorowego do pomiaru drgań maszyn. Zadaniem urządzenia jest pomiar i rejestracja przyspieszeń z możliwością odczytania zdalnego lub z karty SD. Urządzenie powstało na bazie układów ATMega oraz modułu pomiarowego, opartego o scalony układ elektroniczny firmy Analog Devices – ADXL001. Przedstawiono podstawowe dane dotyczące projektu elektrycznego urządzenia. Wykonano porównanie prototypowego systemu pomiarowego z komercyjnym systemem pomiarowym Spider 8.
EN
This paper presents the design of a microprocessor based vibrometer for measuring machine vibrations. The task of the device is to take measurements and record accelerations with the ability to read the data remotely or from the SD card. The device was designed based on ATMega systems and a measuring module based on the integrated circuit electronics Analog Devices - ADXL001. The project was realized on the basis of surface elements (SMD), using the keypad backlit capacitive buttons and a large graphic display. A vibration sensor, developed on the basis of the ADXL001, is characterized by similar parameters to those of transmitters available on the market. The communication protocol (SPI) between the microcontroller and the sensor - after using a suitable converter - allows you to use other types of sensors that can be adjusted through the access to calibration parameters of the vibrometer. The basic data for the design elements of the device are described. A comparison of a prototype measurement system with a commercial measuring system Spider 8 is presented. Preliminary studies were carried out using a vibration exciter, further measurements were made for the acceleration of a body singlepiston compressor. The experiments were conducted in a room designed for the operation of the compressor, under real conditions.
EN
Master data are expounded on the nature of vibration of electric machines and possibility of exposure of their defects with application of vibrodiagnostic methods.
PL
W artykule omówiono stanowisko laboratoryjne do automatycznego wyznaczania charakterystyk dynamicznych czujników drgań, które może być również wykorzystane dla celów dydaktycznych. Opracowano algorytm automatyzacji pomiaru i praktycznie zrealizowano go w środowisku LabView. Podstawowym zadaniem algorytmu sterującego jest dobór nastaw generatora sygnału w taki sposób, aby w jak najkrótszym czasie doprowadzić drgania głowicy stołu wibracyjnego do zadanej wartości przyśpieszenia lub przemieszczenia. Po jej osiągnięciu następuje odczyt wartości amplitud sygnałów wyjściowych z czujników: wzorcowego i badanego dla zadanej częstotliwości. Procedura jest automatycznie powtarzana dla kolejnej zadanej wartości częstotliwości i przyśpieszenia bądź przemieszczenia.
EN
The paper presents a laboratory stand meant for automatic evaluation of vibration sensors dynamic characteristics, which also may be used for teaching purposes. An algorithm of measurement automation has been elaborated and practically realized in the LabView environment. The basic task of the controlling algorithm is the choice of the signal generator settings to assure, that the head of vibrating table achieve assigned values of acceleration or displacement. After that a readings are made of output signals for the sensors: standard and examined for the assigned frequency. The procedure is automatically repeated for subsequent values of acceleration or displacement.
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