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1
Content available Detection of structural damage of technical objects with the use of multidimensional analysis
Mikołajczak Paweł, Mikołajczak Jan, Werzbicki Sławomir
Vibrations in Physical Systems
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2021
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Vol. 32, nr 2
art. no. 2021211
EN
The paper presents a damage identification method of technical objects with the use of multidimensional analyses. The studied objects were rolling bearings tested on a laboratory test stand as well as vehicle wheel rims. The rims were examined by an Automated Tester. A group of variables describing the condition of the bearings included basic parameters of acceleration signal such as: RMS, peak value, functions describing the envelope of vibration spectrum and additionally the experimental coefficient of friction for the oscillatory motion. Diagnostic measurements data can be input into the proposed mathematical models and compared with a database of cases of the object technical states. Results of the multidimensional analysis of diagnostic parameters are presented in the form of diagrams (cluster trees). On this basis, the technical condition of the tested object can be easily interpreted. The proposed models supported the classification of wheel rims into groups characterized by similar frequencies and amplitude based on shock tests.
2
Content available A method of fatigue strength testing of wheel rim fragments at the production process stage
Rychlik A., Kozubel W.
Journal of KONES
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2016
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Vol. 23, No. 1
289--296
EN
The paper describes a method of accelerated fatigue strength testing of elements with the use of inertia forces. The presented test method is dedicated to the selected materials, constructions and joints used in the production of wheel rims for motor vehicles, tractors and special vehicles. The analysis of the fatigue process in machinery components and the evaluation of its state in terms of product quality control can be divided into: quasi-static analysis, resonance analysis, and the one generally used today – virtual fatigue analysis. Virtual analysis is applicable to new components and/or structures released to production according to the concept based on the interaction of theoretical and working models in the context of service life prediction. The purpose of this paper is to present a tool for examination, and a method allowing the identification of the beginning of the fatigue cracking process in structural components. The demonstrated method belongs to the destructive testing group. Cracking process analysis and identification is based on a multiparameter analysis of vibration signals in the amplitude-frequency domain. Inertia force is used in the test piece destruction process. The discussed method is applicable to a wide range of fatigue tests for structural components in the quality control process for materials and combinations of these materials. The method has been employed in the production of low-speed and special machinery wheel rims by Polkar Warmia Ltd.
3
Analiza zużycia wieńca koła zestawów kołowych pojazdów szynowych
Piec P.
Logistyka
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2014
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nr 3
5060--5068
PL
Praca zawiera wyniki badań zużycia wieńca koła: - zużycie warstwy wierzchniej w obszarze kontaktu koła z wstawką hamulcową oraz - podcięcia obrzeża w miejscu kontaktu koła z szyną. W pracy zamieszczono ogólną definicję zużycia elementów maszyn oraz, klasyfikację zużycia, ze względu na tzw. wiodące (dominujące) procesy zużycia, obserwowane w praktyce. Praca bazuje na zastosowaniu nowych technologii pomiarów zużycia kół tramwaju na monitorującym stanowisku diagnostycznym, gdzie pomiar zużycia kół dokonywany jest w trakcie ruchu pojazdu.
EN
The work contains the results of the wheel rim wear - wear in the area of the surface layer in contact with the wheel brake shoe, - undercutting periphery of the wheel at the point of contact with the rail. The work includes a general definition and the wear of machine parts, the classification of use, the reason for this. leading (dominant) wear processes observed in practice The work is based on the use of new technologies metering tram wheels on a diagnostic monitoring, where the measurement of wheel wear is made in the course of a vehicle.
4
Content available Thin wall ductile iron castings: technological aspects
Fraś E., Górny M., Kapturkiewicz W.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
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2013
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Vol. 13, iss. 1
23--28
EN
The paper discusses the reasons for the current trend of substituting ductile iron castings by aluminum alloys castings. However, it has been shown that ductile iron is superior to aluminum alloys in many applications. In particular it has been demonstrated that is possible to produce thin wall wheel rim made of ductile iron without the development of chills, cold laps or misruns. In addition it has been shown that thin wall wheel rim made of ductile iron can have the same weight, and better mechanical properties, than their substitutes made of aluminum alloys.
5
Content available Urządzenie do zautomatyzowanego łączenia zwijek obręczy kół
Kozubel W., Rychlik A., Szczyglak P.
Problemy Eksploatacji
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2011
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nr 3
169-175
PL
W artykule opisano budowę oraz funkcjonowanie głównych elementów zautomatyzowanego urządzenia do łączenia zwijek obręczy kół w kontekście: technicznym, technologicznym oraz innowacyjności zarówno urządzenia, jak i metody łączenia obręczy kół metodą spawalniczą. Prezentowana praca jest efektem współpracy pomiędzy przemysłem a szeroko rozumianą "nauką", której wynikiem jest opracowanie prototypu urządzenia, przeprowadzenie jego badań weryfikacyjnych oraz przygotowania go do wdrożenia na zautomatyzowanej linii do produkcji zwijek obręczy kół. W pracy skupiono się na prezentacji ogólnej budowy przedmiotowego urządzenia do łączenia zwijek obręczy kół pomijając proces spawania, gdyż stanowi on odmienny problem. Wyżej wspomniana współpraca skutkowała zgłoszeniem patentowym.
EN
The article describes the construction and operation of the main elements of an automated device for joining bundles of wheel rims. The following aspects are touched: technical, technological and innovation, both for device itself as well as method of joining rim wheels by welding. The presented work including development of a prototype device, verification tests, and implementation of automated production line of bundles wheels is the result of collaboration between industry and the "science". The paper focuses on the presentation of the overall construction of the device leaving the welding process as a different problem. The aforementioned cooperation resulted in patent application.
6
Content available remote Comparative Studies of Roughness of the Frictional Elements of Bicycle Braking System
Dudziak M., Waluś K. J., Kędziora K., Lewandowski A.
Machine Dynamics Research
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2011
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Vol. 35, No. 3
5-12
EN
The paper presents the comparative analysis of contact roughness between friction surfaces of brake pads, which were fastened to the bicycle frame, and friction surfaces of the element of the wheel rim. The following temporary hypothesis was formulated: on the basis of the measured geometry of the surface irregularities of the elements, it is possible to determine which rim surface cooperated with the left and right brake pad. The proposed method of comparison of the roughness profiles of the frictional braking elements can be useful and appropriate for analyzing some types of vehicle accident reconstructions.
7
Content available remote Kształtowanie wieńców nieokrągłych kół pasowych na uniwersalnych frezarkach sterowanych numerycznie
Krawiec P.
Mechanik
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2010
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R. 83, nr 1
36-39
PL
Przedstawiono możliwość kształtowania uzębień nieokrągłych kół pasowych na uniwersalnych frezarkach sterowanych numerycznie. Zaprezentowano procedury służące do opracowania programów sterujących obrabiarką CNC w procesie kształtowania nieokrągłych kół pasowych zestawem frezów palcowych. Omówiono metodykę pomiarów cech geometrycznych oraz stereometrii powierzchni wykonanych uzębień.
EN
Described are the methods to form teeth in non-circular belt pulleys on the numerically controlled general application milling machines. Also presented are procedures providing for development of the software programs to control CNC machine tools with respect to the process of forming of teeth in non-circular belt pulleys with use of a set of end mills. Discussed are methods of measurements of the produced teeth for geometry and for three dimensional features.
8
Content available remote Modelling and Analysis of Wave Propagation in Railway Wheel Rims
Kocjan M., Bogacz R., Kurnik W.
Machine Dynamics Problems
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2006
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Vol. 30, No. 1
33-42
EN
The paper is concerned with railroad wheel rim behavior under concentrated transverse contact forces. Design of underframe elements of modern high-speed railway vehicles requires detailed understanding of the behaviour of wheelsets, especially wave propagation in wheel rims, responsible for noise emitted, wear, corrugation, wheel poligonalisation etc. (Bogacz, 1995). In the present study, a wheel rim is treated as a curved beam of various beam models like curved Bernoulli-Euler beam, curved Rayleigh beam and curved Timoshenko beam (Bogacz, Kocjan, Kurnik 2003). They are compared with the Mahrenholtz approach based on the straight beam theory (Mahrenholtz, 2000). The influence of wheel radius on transverse wave propagation in the rim is studied. The wheel plate is modelled as a viscoelastic Winkler-type foundation (Bogacz, Dżuła, 1998). Travelling waves are analyzed with special attention paid to the velocity of propagation. The beam equations are solved using Fourier transformation, and the results are presented in form of time-space graphs. The effect of the vehicle speed is studied as well. The results obtained indicate important criteria to be taken into account in design of modern high-speed railroad wheelsets and bogies. It is shown that in general curved beam theory should be applied, but under some particular conditions the straight beam model is accurate enough. The influence of the internal stresses combined with wheel plate stiffness on wave propagation is presented as well.
9
Wpływ zużycia wieńca koła ciernego na poziom emitowanego dźwięku
Lonkwic P.
Dozór Techniczny
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2006
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z. 4
91--94
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