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A comparison study between advance transfer technique and advance transfer mathematical model using bulk carrier ship: cross-track distance validation by percentage change and mann whitney u test

Kamis A. S., Ahmad Fuad A. S.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2022

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Vol. 16 No. 3

541--551

EN

One of the methods of efficient course alteration is through the accurate identification of the WOP by ATT. ATT is widely used by mariners worldwide, and recently, the technique has been restructured and enhanced into ATMM. To prove the efficacy of ATMM over ATT, a few types of ships have been used to carry out the manoeuvring analysis. This study extends the analysis by using a bulk carrier ship. A ship simulator was used for a manoeuvring simulation study, which was carried out to verify the differences between these two methods. Throughout the manoeuvring simulation study, XTD data for each simulation was monitored and verified by XTL compliance, percentage variation, and the Wilcoxon-Mann Whitney U Test via IBM SPSS. It was found that the ATMM can produce a significantly improved WOP compared to ATT and is suitable to be used onboard a bulk carrier ship. This research's finding is expected to contribute as evidence to strengthen ATMM's efficiency so that it can be accepted as an ECDIS algorithm for ship navigation.

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A concept explanation on the development of wheel over point mathematical model for efficient course alteration

Kamis A. S., Ahmad Fuad A. F.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2021

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Vol. 15 No. 4

795--798

EN

This concept paper described the process of bridging the gaps in one of the methods for determining wheel over point (WOP). WOP is a marking made on charted courses to indicate a point at which a ship should change course. Identifying WOP is vital to avoid the vessel overshooting the planned track. One method for determining WOP is the advanced transfer technique. However, two issues were identified while reviewing this technique. Therefore, an improved mathematical model could be developed to overcome these problems. A manoeuvring analysis using a ship simulator will be performed to test the developed mathematical model's efficacy. The data obtained from the simulation study can be validated further by its adherence to the cross track limit, reduction in percentage change, and using IBM SPSS for the Mann-Whitney U test. The developed mathematical model is expectantly capable of producing a better track-keeping function and suitable for use onboard a cargo ship. The mathematical model also could be implemented as an algorithm in the Electronic Chart Display and Information System to help navigators make more efficient course changes.

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Development of wop mathematical model for optimum track-keeping. A ship simulation study using VLCC, focusing on hard over rudder turning circle with three stages of validation analysis

Kamis Amir Syawal, Fuad Ahmad Faizal Ahmad, Ashaari Azmirul, Noor Che Wan Mohd, Ali Sheikh Alif

Polish Maritime Research

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2021

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nr 3

156--174

EN

Navigational safety necessitates careful route monitoring, which includes staying on the planned course. For a ship to achieve effective route monitoring while changing course, a wheel over point (WOP) must be precisely calculated and marked on a charted course. The reason is to warn the watchkeeping officer that the ship must make a course alteration to prevent overshooting the intended route. One of the techniques for appraising the WOP is the advance transfer technique (ATT). During a practical review by means of an electronic and paper chart work exercise of the ATT, this study discovered two research gaps related to the technique. Following that, this study created an improved advance transfer mathematical model (ATMM) by restructuring the use of the ship’s turning circle to overcome the limitations discovered. To validate the improvement of the ATMM over the ATT, data were collected by evaluating both methods using a ship simulator and performing a manoeuvring analysis. The data, specifically the reduction in the cross-track distance (XTD), was validated in three verification stages: compliance with XTL, percentage change, and Mann‒Whitney U test using IBM SPSS. In comparison to the ATT, the ATMM produces better results in terms of the course-keeping capability and it can be implemented as an algorithm in an integrated bridge navigation system for autonomous ship navigation safety.

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Combined maneuvering analysis, AIS and full-mission simulation

Aarsæther K. G., Moan T.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2007

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Vol. 1, no. 1

31--36

EN

This paper deals with a method for identifying the main parameters of a maneuver using both real-time full mission simulators and positioning data obtained from the Automatic Identification System of the same area. The effort required for experiments in real time maneuvering is naturally larger than the effort required to collect already available data. Analysis of both data sources is presented. We show how the curvature of the ships track can be related to the wheel-over point and further used to estimate the main parameters of a course-changing maneuver. The southern approach to the Risavika harbor in the southwest of Norway is used as a demonstration. The approach angle and turning circle diameter was accurately identified in both AIS and simulator data, but significant navigational markings was only quantifiable in simulator data.