Zhuanghua is a representative variety of Nanjing Yun brocade, symbolising the highest achievement of ancient Chinese textile technology. It has been widely used as a clothing fabric since its appearance. This paper firstly explored the characteristics of weaving materials, fabric weaves, and fabric weaving of Zhuanghua based on a literature review, manufactory visiting, and a market survey. To preserve the textile application, the permeability, shape preservation property, and appearance preservation property of fabric were tested for wearability. Specifically, six pieces of Zhuanghua satin were selected as the primary samples, along with six pieces of customised plain satin as the matching samples. Influenced by the Zhuangzhi technique, the Zhuanghua satin presented the following features. The thickness and air permeability of the Zhuanghua satin varied between patterned and non-patterned parts. The Zhuanghua satin in the weft direction showed higher tensile strength, stronger stiffness, and weak crease recovery ability. The average weft elongation at break of Zhuanghua satin increased by 25% and the weft flexural rigidity by 3-8 times, while the average weft crease recovery angle decreased by nearly 30°. The performance of anti-fuzzing and anti-pilling was improved, and the grades increased by 1 and 2, respectively. The study is conducive to a more scientific understanding and development of Yun brocade.
Przedstawiono wyniki badań nad polepszeniem jakości powłok regeneracyjnych nałożonych na próbki ze stali 45. Badano właściwości powłok nałożonych w różny sposób, oraz dodatkowo, azotowanych jonowo. Badania wykazały, że właściwości powłok (chropowatość, twardość i odporność na ścieranie) oraz skutki azotowania jonowego zależą od składu chemicznego materiału powłoki i sposobu jej nakładania.
EN
Results of the research of regenerative metallic coatings spread on specimens of 45 steel are presented. Properties (roughness, hardness and wear resistance) of coatings spread in the different way and additionally after ion nitrification were examined. The research show that the properties of coatings and results of the ion nitrification depended on the chemical composition of the coating material and of the spreading method.
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At this work an influence of the volcanic tuf on the improvement in the wearability of varnish coatings was described. Examinations were conducted for covers made on the basis of single-component binder - alkid, two-component - acrylic and for comparison of paint hammerite and of varnish of the sailing boat preparation with the addition appropriately prepared of the volcanic tuf. Coatings were put directly on the low-carbon steel without earlier applying undercoats. Conducted examinations were aimed at determining loss of mass of the sample (in the mg) subjected by abrasive circles to the friction about the fixed charge. Comparing findings for covers made of binders mentioned above put directly on steel they stated that the addition of the preparation of the volcanic tuf considerably was improving the wearability of inspected covers.
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In present work the composite electrochemical coatings were prepared with nickel matrix and particles SiC. The nickel plating bath of low nickel ion concentration (0.75 M) containing brightening organic compound with surfactants and the dispersed particle (SiC) was used for electrodeposition of composite coatings. The content of particles in coatings was examined gravimetrically. The dependence of SiC content in composite coatings Ni-SiC on the concentration and kind of the organic additives is given in Table 1. The roughness of the coatings Ni-SiC was measured using tester TR 100 (Tab. 1). Siemens D500 X-ray diffractometer with CuK[alpha], radiation was used to determine the dimension of nickel [111] crystallites and microstress (Tab. 1). The microhardness of the deposited layers was measured using a Vickers' method at a load of 0.01 and 0.05 kG. Figures 2 and 3 show the microhardness of composite coating Ni-SiC. The wear experiments of Ni-SiC coatings were made without lubrication using the technique based on measuring system comprising a flat surface and a ball. On the basis of the wear traces and measurement of their diameter, the depth of the wear was calculated, which was the measure of wear resistance. The wear of the composite coatings Ni-SiC in the dependence from of the concentration and kind of the organic additives is given in Figure 4. The obtained results suggest that the organic compounds used in the experiments had a significant effect on the composition and structure of these coatings. This study has shown that the wear resistance is proportional to the microhardness, the roughness, the size of nickel grain and the particle contents in Ni-SiC coatings.
PL
Osadzano elektrochemicznie kompozytowe powłoki z osnową niklową i cząstkami SiC. Do elektroosadzania kompozytowych powłok używano niskosteżeniowej kąpieli zawierającej 0,75 M jonów niklu(II), związek organiczny blaskotwórczy, zwilżacze i jako cząstki dyspersyjne SiC. Zawartość masową cząstek w powłoce oznaczano grawimetrycznie. W tabeli 1 przedstawiono zależność zawartości SiC w powłoce kompozytowej Ni-SiC od stężenia i rodzaju dodatków organicznych. Chropowatość warstw Ni-SiC mierzono profilografem TR 100 (tab. 1). Pomiary wielkości krystalitów [111] osnowy niklowej i mikronapreżeń wykonano na dyfraktometrze Siemens D500 z promieniowaniem CuK[alfa] (tab. 1). Mikrotwardość mierzono metodą Vickersa przy obciążeniu 0,01 i 0,05 kG. Na rysunkach 2 i 3 przedstawiono wyniki pomiarów mikrotwardości kompozytowych powłok Ni-SiC. Badania odporności na zużycie wykonano na kulotesterze. Na podstawie śladów wytarcia i pomiarów ich średnicy obliczano głębokość wytarcia, która była miarą odporności na zużycie. Głębokość wytarcia powłok kompozytowych Ni-SiC w zależności od stężenia i rodzaju dodatków organicznych jest pokazana na rysunku 4. Stwierdzono, że użyte związki organiczne miały znaczący wpływ na skład i strukturę tych warstw. Odporność na zużycie jest proporcjonalna do mikrotwardości, chropowatości, rozmiarów ziaren niklu i zawartości SiC w powłoce.
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