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EN
Purpose: The paper presents the issues of designing the maintenance of materials and products in accordance with the idea of Industry 4.0. The author's views on the need for augmentation of the Industry 4.0 model were also presented, as well as the author's original concept that hybrid activities in predictive maintenance and condition-based maintenance should be preceded by designing material, maintenance & manufacturing 3MD at the stage of the product's material designing and technological designing. The 3MD approach significantly reduces the frequency of assumed actions, procedures and resources necessary to remain the condition of this product for the longest possible time, enabling it to perform the designed working functions. Examples of own advanced research on several selected, newly developed materials, used in very different areas of application, confirmed the validity of the scientific hypothesis and the relationship between the studied phenomena and structural effects and the working functions of products and their maintenance and indicated that material design is one of the most important elements guaranteeing progress production at the stage of Industry 4.0 of the industrial revolution. Design/methodology/approach: The author's considerations are based on an extensive literature study and the results of the author's previous study and empirical work. Each of the examples given required the use of a full set of research methods available to modern material engineering, including HRTEM high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Findings: The most interesting intellectual achievements contained in the paper include presentations of the author's original concepts regarding the augmentation of the Industry 4.0 model, which has been distributed so far, which not only requires augmentation but is actually only one of the 4 elements of the technology platform of the extended holistic model of current industrial development, concerning cyber-IT production aided system. The author also presents his own concept for designing material, maintenance and manufacturing 3MD already at the stage of material and technological design of the product, eliminating many problems related to product maintenance, even before they are manufactured and put into exploitation. Detailed results of detailed structural researches of several selected avant-garde engineering materials and discussion of structural changes that accompanying their manufacturing and/or processing are also included. Originality/value: The originality of the paper is associated with the novelty of the approach to analysing maintenance problems of materials and products, taking into account the requirements of the contemporary stage of Industry 4.0 development. The value of the paper is mainly associated with the presentation of original issues referred to as findings, including the concept of augmentation of the Industry 4.0 model and the introduction and experimental confirmation of the idea by designing material, maintenance and manufacturing 3MD.
2
Content available remote Możliwości zastosowania warstw diamentowych jako powłok ochronnych
PL
Pokrycia diamentowe otrzymywane metodami CVD, w związku z ich unikatowymi właściwościami, stały się poszukiwanym materiałem do wytwarzania odpornych na zużycie powłok ochronnych, warstw antykorozyjnych oraz zastosowań trybologicznych. W niniejszej pracy wskazano obszary zastosowania cienkich warstw diamentowych W artykule przedyskutowano problem zależności odporności antykorozyjnej i mechanicznej pokryć diamentowych, która zdeterminowana jest adhezją między warstwą a podłożem. Dobra adhezja zależy od rodzaju materiału podłoża, sposobu jego przygotowania jak również parametrów procesu CVD.
EN
Diamond coatings obtained by CVD methods, due to their unique combination of properties, become very important for wear, corrosion protection and tribological applications. In this work we indicated the areas of thin diamond layers applications and have discussed the problem of their anticorrosion and mechanical resistance properties. The protective properties of the diamond coatings are determined mainly by adhesion between diamond layer and the substrate. Good adhesion is depended on substrate type, pretreatment of the substrate surface, CVD parameters process of diamond growth.
3
Content available remote Staliwo L20HGSNM odporne na zużycie ścierne
PL
Przedstawiono wyniki badań zużycia erozyjnego staliwa L20HGSNM na bazie teorii Bittera. Opracowano programy komputerowe, które pozwalają wyznaczyć energię jednostkową zużycia erozyjnego. Wykorzystując prawo Kicka i przekształcenia Meyera uzyskano parametry materiałowe decydujące o zużyciu. Stosując wyniki doświadczalne opracowano zależności opisujące energię E i R zużycia oraz kąt &alphao będący postawą do konstrukcji i optymalizacji maszyn i ich elementów roboczych.
EN
The results of investigations on erosion wear of L20HGSNM cast steel have been based on Bitter’s theory. There has been elaborated special software which enables to calculate unit energy of erosion wear. Kick’s law and Meyer’s transformations used here allowed obtaining material parameters, which have a great influence on wear. Taking into account the results from investigations there could be elaborated relationships describing E and R wear energy as well as &alphao angle which is the basis of construction and optimization of machines and its working elements.
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