Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Hydrogen effect on the high-nickel surface steel properties during machining and wear with lubricants

Balitskii O. A., Kolesnikov V. O., Balitskii A. I., Eliasz J. J., Havrylyuk M. R.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 104, nr 2

49--57

EN

Purpose: The aim of the proposed research is to investigate the hydrogen effect on the high-nickel steel surface properties changing during machining and wear with participation of lubricant-cooling environments. Design/methodology/approach: The approach of the fracture mechanics and physicalchemical methods surface properties investigation was used to formulate the conclusions. Applying of lubricant-cooling (liquid, solid, gaseous) technological environments (LCTE) has change the morphology of chips and roughness of contact 23Ni1Mo3Ti steel surfaces depending on the experimentally fixed hydrogen concentrations (4.62…12.0 ppm). It correlates with both the roughness of the treated surface and the nature of the cutting products fragmentation: the maximum concentration of hydrogen - in the chips coincides with the minimum size of its defragmentation and reduction of the surface roughness. For nitrogen and oxygen, a similar relationship is traced poorly. Findings: On the basis of the fracture mechanics approaches it is confirmed, that in the conditions of the application of hydrogen containing (as chemical composition) (up to 12 ppm) and hydrogen accumulated (in nano container) (up to 600 ppm) LCTE, hydrogen enters the near crack initiation contact zone before fracture and taking part in changing structural material fracture mechanisms, improves its mashinning processes. Research limitations/implications: The results obtained on laboratory specimens should be tested during machining of real details made from high-nickel steel. Practical implications: The created technological approaches can be used in practice evaluation of mechanical properties and residual of modern gas turbine parts. Originality/value: It was shown, that hydrogen containing (in chemical composition) and hydrogen accumulated (in nano container) LCTE permits the hydrogen to enter in the near crack initiation contact zone before fracture and taking part in changing structural material fracture mechanisms.

2

Fretting-Wear Mechanism of Textured Surfaces

Pashechko Mykhaylo, Marchuk Volodymyr, Kindrachuk Myroslav, Tisov Oleksandr, Kornienko Anatolii, Dukhota Oleksandr

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2019

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Vol. 13, no 3

186--191

EN

The wear mechanism of textured dimpled in conditions of lubricated fretting-wear is established, which, in contrast to others, takes into account possibility of removing deterioration products out of tribo-contact areas into dimples, preventing their action as abrasive material. Selection of optimal structural parameters of selectively dimpled areas allows to reduce duration of tribological couple running-in time. Depending on texture type, friction coefficient was reduced from 0.27 (for untreated furface) to 0.18, and wear loss – from 7.8 ×10–3g to 3.3 ×10–3g.

3

Quantitative and Qualitative Comparison of Tribological Properties of Railway Rails with and without Heat Treatment

Bąkowski H., Piwnik J.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2016

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Vol. 61, iss. 2A

469–-474

EN

The paper provides a comprehensive presentation of the influence of operating parameters on the tribological properties of the wheel-rail couple. Apart from wear and a friction coefficient, the tribological properties also comprise stereological parameters of flaky wear products. The tribological tests were carried out according to an experimental plan, which took account of the complex influence of operational factors on the size and shape of flaky wear products. This enabled defining the type and intensity of wear, depending on the variable operational parameters. In order to explain the wear mechanism, quantitative, qualitative, and profilographometric metallographic examinations were made.

4

Material and tribological problems occurring during the design and utilisation of hip endoprostheses

Gierzyńska-Dolna M., Więckowski W., Wiśniewska-Weinert H.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2010

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Vol. 43, nr 1

222-227

EN

Purpose: The main goal of research is determination of the influence of frictional pair „endoprosthesis head - acetabular cup” material on frictional resistance and endoprostheses wear, and the stress distribution in the elements of “bone-cement-implant” system. Design/methodology/approach: In the paper new development directions in endoprostheses are discussed with respect to construction of “head-acetabular cup” system and endoprosthesis stem, and proper material selection. The tests were carried out using dedicated simulator of the hip endoprosthesis. A quantitative and qualitative analysis of wear products was carried out. The numerical calculations of stress state in “bone-cement-implant” system were performed using ADINA System. Additionally the impact of incorrect endoprosthesis setting (jaw angle of the stem and cup) on frictional moment was determined experimentally. The stress distribution, in particular parts of “bone-cement-implant” system for selected endoprosthesis stem constructions, was presented. Findings: Both the numerical calculations and tests carried out on the hip endoprosthesis simulator gave us many valuable information on frictional resistance value, wear mechanism and durability of new endoprostheses constructions. Research limitations/implications: Preservation of geometrical, material and tribological similarity to the natural joints is of great significance in design of hip endoprostheses. Despite significant progress in material engineering not all similarity conditions were achieved. The replacement of a specific bone structure and natural joint with polyurethane insert and metal elements (stem, head of endoprosthesis), i.e. materials with much higher modulus of elasticity, cause the significant increase of the “bone-cement-implant” system rigidity. Frictional and wear processes occurring in the moveable system: “head-acetabular cup” and the resulting low endoprosthesis durability pose a serious problem. Practical implications: Future development of endoprostheses alloplasty is determined by the progress in biotribology, especially frictional and wear tests of endoprostheses. Originality/value: The tests were carried out using the hip endoprosthesis simulator, which reflects processes occurring in natural joint.

5

Właściwości tribologiczne ślizgowych skojarzeń tarciowych cienkich powłok a-C:H oraz W-C:H ze stalą i ceramiką

Czyżniewski A.

Inżynieria Materiałowa

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2010

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Vol. 31, nr 4

925-930

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań właściwości tribologicznych ślizgowych skojarzeń tarciowych cienkich powłok a-C:H i W-C:H z ceramiką i stalą. Testy tribologiczne przeprowadzono w warunkach tarcia suchego z wykorzystaniem metody kula-tarcza. Tarcze były pokryte badanymi powłokami, a jako przeciwpróbki zastosowano kule z ceramiki Al2O3 oraz ze stali łożyskowej 100Cr6. Po testach tribologicznych produkty zużycia badano za pomocą skaningowej mikroskopii elektronowej (SEM), mikroanalizy rentgenowskiej (EDS) oraz spektrometrii ramanowskiej. Wyniki badań pokazały, że w skojarzeniach powłok z przeciwpróbką z Al2O3 w strefie styku zachodzą głownie procesy grafityzacji i utleniania warstwy wierzchniej powłok. Produktami tych procesow są grafitopodobne substancje, które spełniają funkcję smaru stałego. W efekcie skojarzenia tarciowe badanych powłok z ceramiką Al2O3 charakteryzują się niskim współczynnikiem tarcia (0,03÷0,05) i wysoką odpornością na zużycie przez tarcie obu elementów skojarzenia. W skojarzeniu powłoki a-C:H z przeciwpróbką ze stali 100Cr6 zachodzą również procesy grafityzacji i utleniania wierzchniej warstwy powłoki, ale także procesy zużywania się stali, co niekorzystnie wpływa na proces tarcia. Efektem jest relatywnie wysoki współczynnik tarcia (0,27) tego skojarzenia oraz wysokie zużycie stalowej przeciwpróbki. W skojarzeniach powłoki W-C:H z przeciwpróbką ze stali 100Cr6 bardzo korzystną rolę spełniają powstające w strefie styku razem z substancjami grafitopodobnymi tlenki wolframu, gdyż po krótkim okresie docierania ograniczają bezpośredni kontakt stali z powłoką. W efekcie skojarzenie powłoki W-C:H ze stalą 100Cr6 charakteryzuje się istotnie mniejszym, zarówno współczynnikiem tarcia (0,08), jak i zużyciem stalowej przeciwpróbki w porównaniu ze skojarzeniem powłoki a-C:H ze stalą 100Cr6.

EN

In the paper results of investigation of tribological properties of sliding frictional contacts of thin a-C:H and W-C:H coatings against ceramic and steel are presented. Tribological tests were conducted in conditions of dry friction with usage of the ball-on-disc method. Discs were coated by investigated coatings and balls of Al2O3 ceramic and 100Cr6 bearing steel as counterparts were used. After tribological tests friction products were analysed by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray microanalysis (EDS) and Raman spectrometry. Examinations showed that in frictional contacts of coatings against Al2O3 ceramics in zone contact are arising graphite-like products of the tribo-reactions acting as solid lubricant. In the end frictional contacts of investigated coatings against Al2O3 ceramics are characterised by low friction coefficient (0.03÷0.05) and by high wear resistance of both elements of the frictional contacts. In frictional contact of a-C:H against 100Cr6 steel a very significant and disadvantageous role in the mechanism of the friction are playing iron oxides. In the end frictional contact of a-C:H coating against 100Cr6 is characterised by relative high friction coefficient (0.27) and by high wear of the steel counterpart. In frictional contact of the W-C:H against 100Cr6 steel very beneficial role is fulfilled by tungsten oxides, because after a short period of running-in, they are limiting a direct contact of steel with the coating. In the end frictional contact of the W-C:H against 100Cr6 steel is characterized by lower both the friction coefficient (0.08) and the wear rateof steel counterpart in the comparison to frictional contact of a-C:H against 100Cr6 steel.

6

Odporność na zużycie ścierne i niszczenie wodorowe austenitycznych stopów Fe-Mn-C

Balitskii A., Chmiel J., Kawiak P., Ripey I., Kolesnikov V.

Problemy Eksploatacji

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2007

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nr 4

7-16

PL

Zbadano wpływ dodatków stopowych na strukturę powierzchni i strefy podpowierzchniowej w austenitycznych żeliwach stopowych Fe-Mn-C, modyfikowanych dodatkami Cr, V i Ti w warunkach zużycia przy zmien-nym obciążeniu i niszczenia wodorowego. Wykazano, że dodatki stopowe różnie wpływają na odporność na zużycie i niszczenie wodorowe. W warunkach braku smaru grafit może adsorbować go w ograniczonej ilości i pewne ilości dostarczać na powierzchnię zapobiegając tym samym mikro-zgrzewaniu tych powierzchni i zużyciu katastrofalnemu.

EN

A study was carried out to analyses the influence of alloying elements on the surface and under surface layers structure of Fe-Mn-Cu alloys modified by Cr - V - Ti during the wear under different loading and hydrogen embrittlement. It was shown that alloying elements increases operational properties in the different ways. It was established that an increase of hardness and the change of the structural-phase structure of the investigated alloys in conditions of dry friction at constant loading and high-speed modes can be accompanied by a reduction of the intensity of the wear process that is a transition from pathological modes of the destruction of a material to a normal operating mode wear process.

7

Modyfikacja głowicy badawczej typowego testera tarciowego w celu badania odporności na zużycie tribologiczne

Ciecieląg J.

Tribologia

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2004

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nr 3

35-43

PL

Celem pracy jest zaprojektowanie uniwersalnego stanowiska badawczego, umożliwiającego badanie wpływu produktów zużycia na przebieg tarcia, zużywania i odporności ciał na zużywanie tribologiczne. Dotychczas ustalono, że intensywne usuwanie produktów zużycia ze strefy tarcia wpływa bardzo wyraźnie na wzrost odporności na zużywanie stali, ale możliwości badawcze stanowiska nie pozwalały na analizę energetyczną zaobserwowanego zjawiska. W pracy przedstawiono propozycję zmian standardowego testera T-05 do badania wpływu produktów zużycia na odporność metali na zużywanie tribologiczne, które pozwolą na potraktowanie temperatury strefy tarcia jako parametru niezależnego (zadawanego) w procesie tarcia i ewentualnie pomiarów oporów tarcia, usuwania produktów zużycia, co pozwoliłoby na dokładniejszą analizę tego zjawiska. Dodatkowo Autor proponuje pomiar energii związanej z usuwaniem produktów zużycia ze strefy tarcia poprzez pomiar siły docisku elementu czyszczącego. Zdaniem Autora pozwoli to na nową energetyczną interpretację zagadnienia wpływu produktów zużycia na przebieg procesu tarcia, zużywania i odporności ciał na zużywanie tribologiczne.

EN

The paper deals with the development of a versatile stand which affords possibilities for analyzing the influence of wear products on friction phenomena, wear process, and resistance of materials to tribological wear. The previous measurements showed that instantaneous removal of wear products from the friction zone influences considerably the increase of resistance of steel to wear. The contemporary limited measurement possibilities of the stand had however excluded a deeper analysis of the phenomenon. Modifications of the standard test equipment T-05, used for measuring the influence of wear products on the resistance of metals to tribological wear, are proposed. The improvements will enable one to treat the temperature of the friction zone as an independent (imposed) parameter of the friction process, and possibly to measure the frictional drag and efficacy of removal of wear products. The novelties may make the description and analysis of the considered phenomena much more precise and valuable. An additional issue is a proposition for estimation of energy used for removing the wear products from friction zone, based on measuring the force that holds down the cleaning element. The author believes that all the new experiments and the followed analysis will break new perspectives for energetic interpretations of the influence of wear products on the friction process, material wear and resistance to tribological wear.

8

Determination of wear products in oils by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS)

Vukadinovic Z., Josifovic D.

Tribologia

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2004

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nr 2

27-39

EN

Direct involvement of lubricants in contact processes inside tribological systems with a basic task to stop direct interaction between surfaces of elements gives them a special role from the aspect of maintenance. This role is even more important if we know that lubricants are information carriers on overall condition of the system where special attention is paid to the processes effecting functionality, reliability, and durability. The importance of this information is particularly noticeable during monitoring and system diagnostics because the analysis of oil can detect signs of potential problems leading to failure and allow an insight into the effects of lubricants on system functioning. The paper shows the analysis of atomic absorption spectroscopy method (AAS) and an overview of test results regarding concentration of wear products in transmission and motor oils during synchronization to durability system tests.

PL

Olej smarowy w styku tribologicznym nie tylko oddziela powierzchnie elementów węzła tarcia, ale także jest nośnikiem ważnych informacji. Jest to szczególnie istotne podczas monitorowania i diagnozowania systemu, ponieważ dzięki analizie stanu oleju można wykryć symptomy potencjalnych problemów, a w konsekwencji zapobiec nieprawidłowościom w funkcjonowaniu systemu tribologicznego. W pracy omówiono wyniki badań AAS zawartości cząstek zużycia wolejach przekładniowych i silnikowych podczas testów zużyciowych.

9

Tribological properties of biomaterials and hardenning layers used in joint arthroplasty

Gierzyńska-Dolna M., Adamus J., Lacki P.

International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering

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2004

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Vol. 9, no spec.

263-268

EN

In the paper biomaterials used for implants have been discussed. Typical examples of biomaterial applications in medicine have been given. Tribological processes in implantology have been taken into consideration. Further trends in research have been pointed

10

Nowe tendencje w doborze biomateriałów na elementy trące endoprotez

Gierzyńska-Dolna M.

Tribologia

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2002

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nr 4

1143-1150

PL

W pracy zwrócono uwagę na dominującą rolę procesów tribologicznych w utracie stabilności endoprotez. Podkreślono negatywne oddziaływanie produktów zużycia (cząstek polietylenu) na organizm ludzki. Omówiono nowe materiały (ceramiczne) stosowane na węzeł tarcia "głowa-panewka" endoprotez stawu biodrowego.

EN

In the paper a special attention has been paid to a dominant role of tribological processes in implant loosening. A negative effect of wear products (polyethylene debris) on human body has been pointed. New materials (ceramic) used for kinematic pair: "head - cup" of hip endoprostheses have been discussed.

11

Badania wpływu produktów zużycia na tarcie i zużywanie stali.

Ciecieląg J., Sadowski J.

Zagadnienia Eksploatacji Maszyn

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2001

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Vol. 36, nr 3

9-26

PL

Zaproponowano termodynamiczny opis tarcia i zużywania oraz metodykę badawczą i stanowisko umożliwiające ocenę roli produktów zużycia w przebiegu tarcia i zużywania. Zamieszczono wyniki badań eksperymentalnych, które ograniczone zostały do przypadku stacjonarnego procesu tarcia technicznie suchego próbek stalowych. Objaśniono wpływ produktów zużycia na tarcie, zużywanie oraz odporność na zużywanie tribologiczne.

EN

The aim of this paper is to investigate the influence of attrition products in the friction zone on the wear progress and wear resistance for different metals. In the theoretical part a thermodynamic model of friction, wear and wear resistance has been developed. An investigation methodology was proposed and a test stand was designed and built. The dry friction of steel was then experimentally investigated. The results were handled and interpreted using the thermodynamic model, and the analysis was extended by studying the metal surface features. There was concluded the independent parameters influencing the friction process are: unit pressure, velocity of sliding, temperature in the contact zone, and coefficient of friction. To attain repeatability of measurements the specified values of the parameters must be strictly maintained. There was also deduced that, in the stabilized regimes of friction and wear, the wear resistance is a decreasing hyperbolic function of temperature and two constants of the tribological system. The system varies with the amount of attrition products in the friction zone, which influence then the frictional drag and the wear resistance.

12

Tribologiczne właściwości biomateriałów

Gierzyńska-Dolna M., Adamus J., Lacki P.

Tribologia

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2001

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nr 4

559-567

PL

W pracy podano charakterystykę własności mechanicznych i tribologicznych materiałów stosowanych w inżynierii biomedycznej. Zwrócono uwagę na dużą różnicę modułów sprężystości materiałów stosowanych na endoprotezy i modułu sprężystości kości. Prowadzi to do znacznego przesztywnienia układu: "kość-implant". Jednakże istotną rolę w stosowaniu biomateriałów w implantologii stanowi uzyskanie optymalnych właściwości tribologicznych, a zwłaszcza ograniczenie ilości występujących produktów zużycia.

EN

In the paper characteristic of mechanical and tribological properties of materials used in biomedical engineering has been given. The attention was paid to a high difference of Young's modulus between materials used for endoprostheses and bone. It leads to the significant over-rigid of "bone - implant" system. However, obtaining optimal tribological properties especially the limiting of wear products amount is the essential problem in the use of biomaterials in implantology.