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Modelling Events Occurring in the Core of a Flood Bank and Initiated by Changes in the Groundwater Level, Including the Effect of Seepage

Kaczmarek J., Leśniewska D.

Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn

2011

nr 14(2)

143-152

The paper presents results of numerical modelling of the response of a flood bank to the rising or lowering water table. The modelling was performed with the finite element method (FEM) in two variants: excluding the effect of groundwater seepage through the flood bank (PLAXIS v. 8) and including groundwater seepage during intervals between increments in the height of the groundwater table (PLAXIS 2D 2010 with a FLOW model).

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki modelowania numerycznego zachowania się wału przeciwpowodziowego w trakcie podnoszenia i obniżania zwierciadła wody. Modelowanie przeprowadzono metodą elementów skończonych (MES) w dwóch wariantach: bez uwzględnienia przepływu wody w gruncie (PLAXIS wersja 8) oraz z uwzględnieniem przepływu wód gruntowych w okresach między przyrostami wysokości zwierciadła wody (PLAXIS 2D 2010 z modułem FLOW).

Microwave radiometry in monitoring and emergency mapping of water seepage and dangerously high groundwaters

Shutko A. M., Haldin A., Krapivin V., Novichikhin E., Sidorov I., Tishchenko Y., Haarbrink R., Georgiev G., Kancheva R., Nikolov H., Coleman T., Archer F., Pampaloni P., Paloscia S., Krissilov A., Camps Carmona A.

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology

2007

nr 1

76-82

Detailed and geo-referenced maps identifying the locations of saturated and dry levees can be produced using microwave radiometric measurements from a light aircraft or helicopter, and integrated with GPS for positioning and orientation. The development of synergetic remote sensing technology for raised groundwater and seepage detection by the joint use of microwave and optical data along with GIS databases is an effective and most contemporary way of supporting risk assessment and facilitating disaster prevention and management. In this paper we present a remote sensing microwave technology for monitoring and detection of areas of water seepage through irrigation constructions, levees and dykes as well as for revealing areas with dangerously high groundwater level. The possibility for emergency response mapping, integrated with GPS and GIS data, facilitates the risk assessment and management services. The passive microwave radiometry (PMR) is based on spectral measurements in the millimetre to decimetre range of wavelengths. Compared to other remote sensing techniques, such as colour and infrared photography, thermal images and lidar, PMR is the only technology taking measurements under the earth's surface and therefore is very well suited for water seepage and underground water monitoring in a fast and reliable way.