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Multi-objective optimization of the green extraction conditions of bio-active compounds from a levisticum officinale WDJ Koch: Pareto optimality and compromise solutions for process management

Plawgo Michał, Kocira Sławomir, Bohata Andrea

Agricultural Engineering

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2024

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Vol. 28, No. 1

137--165

EN

Plants belonging to the Apiaceae family (including Levisticum officinale WDJ Koch) are rich sources of phytochemicals and secondary metabolites, with possible health-promoting and agrochemical potential. The objective of this work was to provide important guidelines for controlling conventional aqueous extraction to obtain Levisticum officinale root extracts with maximised levels of bioactive compounds. The ultimate goal was to optimise the total phenolic compounds, flavonoid content, sugars, and total antioxidant capacity to identify the process conditions necessary to produce highly bioactive extracts that could be used in a wide range of industries. Biomass extraction of lovage root was carried out using water as the extraction solvent. To perform the optimisation of the aqueous extraction, multivariate regression models were used and multi-criteria analysis was performed using Pareto set navigation. Pareto front analysis showed that for the maximum extraction efficiency of bioactive compounds from Levisticum officinale, the optimal extraction process parameters were 0.0714 g⸱mL-1 as biomass/water ratio and a time of 35.7142 min, at the highest analysed temperature. For the highest analysed value of plant biomass/solvent ratio (0.075 g⸱mL-1) and maximum process temperature (95ºC), extraction could be carried out for 20 min or in the range 37.1429-38.5714 min. On the other hand, if the extraction time reaches 40 min and the sam-ple/solvent ratio 0.075 g⸱mL-1, the optimum process temperature is be-tween 75ºC and 95ºC.

PL

Rośliny należące do rodziny Apiaceae (w tym Levisticum officinale WDJ Koch) są bogatym źródłem fitochemikaliów i metabolitów wtórnych o potencjalnym potencjale prozdrowotnym i agrochemicznym. Celem niniejszej pracy było dostarczenie ważnych wytycznych dotyczących kontrolowania konwencjonalnej ekstrakcji wodnej w celu uzyskania ekstraktów z korzenia Levisticum officinale o zmaksymalizowanych poziomach związków bioaktywnych. Dlatego też w niniejszym badaniu oceniono i zoptymalizowano potencjał przeciwutleniający wodnych ekstraktów z Levisticum officinale pod kątem analizy wpływu parametrów procesu ekstrakcji, tj. temperatury, czasu i stosunku biomasy roślinnej do rozpuszczalnika. Ostatecznym celem była optymalizacja całkowitej zawartości związków fenolowych, flawonoidów, cukrów i całkowitej zdolności przeciwutleniającej w celu zidentyfikowania warunków procesu niezbędnych do wytworzenia wysoce bioaktywnych ekstraktów, które mogłyby być stosowane w wielu gałęziach przemysłu. Ekstrakcję biomasy korzenia lubczyku przeprowadzono przy użyciu wody jako rozpuszczalnika ekstrakcyjnego. Aby przeprowadzić optymalizację ekstrakcji wodnej, zastosowano wielowymiarowe modele regresji i przeprowadzono analizę wielokryterialną przy użyciu nawigacji zestawu Pareto.Procedury optymalizacyjne wykazały dużą złożoność rozważanego problemu badawczego, co bezpośrednio utrudnia wybór jednego najlepszego rozwiązania. W związku z tym wyznaczono zbiory rozwiązań. Analiza frontu Pareto wykazała, że dla maksymalnej wydajności ekstrakcji związków bioaktywnych z Levisticum officinale, optymalnymi parametrami procesu ekstrakcji były 0,0714 g⸱ml-1 jako stosunek biomasy do wody oraz czas 35,7142 min, w najwyższej analizowanej temperaturze. Dla najwyższej analizowanej wartości stosunku biomasy roślinnej do rozpuszczalnika (0,075 g⸱ml-1) i maksymalnej temperatury procesu (95ºC), ekstrakcję można było prowadzić przez 20 min lub w zakresie 37,1429-38,5714 min. Z drugiej strony, jeśli czas ekstrakcji osiągnie 40 min, a stosunek próbki do rozpuszczalnika 0,075 g⸱ml-1, optymalna temperatura procesu wynosi od 75ºC do 95ºC.

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Water Extracts from Waste Rocks of the Coal Industry of Chernvonograd Mining Area (Ukraine) – Problems of Environmental Safety and Civil Protection

Kochmar Iryna, Karabyn Vasyl

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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Vol. 24, iss. 1

247--255

EN

The article presents the results of the research on mining production waste in the Chervonohrad Mining Area. For the first time the water extracts from certain types of waste rock, namely: burned and unburned argillite, siltstone, siliceous siltstone, coal, and sandstone were investigated. The studies covered the main chemical composition, as well as the pH and concentration of the main components of the aqueous extracts. Based on the obtained results, the properties of the investigated mining wastes were characterized, taking into account the impact on the environment. According to the obtained results, it can be stated that there is high content of Mg2+, SO42-, HCO3- in argillite and sandstone within the tericon of the central coal enrichment plant “Chervonohradska” and burnt argillite from the tericon of the Vizeyska mine.

3

Some Aspects of Groundwater Resources Management in Transboundary Areas

Golovina Ekaterina, Grebneva Anastasia

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 4

106--118

EN

According to UN experts, by 2030, about half of the world’s population will suffer from a shortage of fresh water, which may cause future hostilities and conflicts. In this regard, extraction of such a valuable mineral as groundwater must be rationally managed. However, practice has shown that managing and protecting the groundwater resources is a very challenging task. As part of the analysis pertaining to the problem of legal regulation of groundwater extraction from transboundary aquifers and complexes, it is proposed to consider this aspect on the example of Russia. The problems of regulation of rational use and protection of fresh water in the bilateral agreements of the Russian Federation were identified; a methodology for managing groundwater extraction in the territory of a transboundary aquifer was developed, dimensions, parameters and factors affecting the formation of a transboundary zone were determined (using the example of research and analysis of water intake activities in the border territories of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Estonia).

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Monosubstrate fermentation of chicken manure after pretreatment using cold and hot water extraction

Konkol I., Sołowski G., Cenian A.

Eco-Energetics : technologies, environment, law and economy

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2019

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T. 2

79--84

EN

Simple pretreatmentof raw chicken manureby cold and hot water extractionincreased the crucial for fermentation C:N ratio 2 to 2.7-fold. The pretreated chicken manure thus became suitable for methane fermentation as monosubstrate, this is due to higher C:N ratio. Cumulative methane and biogas production after pretreatment increasedabout 18–40% and 16–45%, respectively.

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Many years’ extraction of groundwater in the context of established usable groundwater reserves

Macuda J., Styrkowiec E.

AGH Drilling, Oil, Gas

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2017

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Vol. 34, no. 2

419--427

EN

The operation of water supply networks basically relies on the ability of supply water, which in the case of groundwater intakes, is defined by usable reserves offered by the wells involved. Their establishing is the last stage of an investment, i.e. building of groundwater intakes, and their value determines the type of infrastructure and technological hardware in the wells. Owing to the fact that the usable groundwater reserves are conditioned by a number of factors (economic, technological, environmental) their correct determining depends on the correct definition of the number and quality of measurements and hydrogeological observations. In practice, these measurements tend to be shortened to minimum (test pumping) or discarded (diagnostics of well construction) for financial reasons. As a result the user obtains either over- or underestimated information about the intake parameters. Exploitation of a well with overestimated capacity brings about serious technological and economic consequences, starting from the lowered productivity (drop of water table, lower yield), change of chemical composition of water, sanding up of the well as well as well failures and damage. The use of a well with underrated output does not shorten the life of the well, though is disadvantageous for the economic reasons. The productivity of wells can be verified after a few years of controlled extraction, on the basis of which the cost of water extraction, stability of chemical composition or impact on other intakes in given work conditions. Accordingly, this is a basis for updating usable groundwater reserves of the wells. Moreover, after many years of observation of groundwater intakes, one can formulate recommendations warrantying long life of wells, rational management of pump aggregates and well renovation plans.

6

Odbarwianie i oczyszczanie masy makulaturowej metodą mycia

Tyralski T., Biel-Tyralska A.

Przegląd Papierniczy

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1999

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R. 55, nr 1

21--27