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EN
Entropy generation of a steady Jeffrey fluid flow over a deformable vertical porous layer is analysed with consideration of a first-order chemical reaction and thermal diffusion. The porous material is modelled as a homogeneous binary mixture of fluid and solid phases where each point in the binary mixture is occupied concurrently by the fluid and solid. The combined phenomenon of solid deformation and fluid movement is taken into account. The impact of relevant parameters on the fluid velocity, solid displacement, temperature and concentration profiles is discussed. It is noticed that the Jeffrey fluid parameter enhances the entropy generation number, fluid velocity and solid displacement profiles, but a reverse effect is seen for the Bejan number. Further, entropy generation, fluid velocity and solid displacement reduce due to the higher estimates of the chemical reaction parameter, while the Bejan number enhances.
EN
In this paper, a porous medium is modelled by a network of converging-diverging capillaries which may be considered as fissures or tubes. This model makes it necessary to consider flows through capillary fissures or tubes. Therefore an analytical method for deriving the relationships between pressure drops, volumetric flow rates and velocities for the following fluids: Newtonian, polar, power-law, pseudoplastic (DeHaven and Sisko types) and Shulmanian, was developed. Next, considerations on the models of pore network for Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids were presented. The models, similar to the schemes of central finite differences may provide a good basis for transforming the governing equations of a flow through the porous medium into a set of linear or quasi-linear algebraic equations. It was shown that the some coefficients in these algebraic equations depend on the kind of the capillary convergence.
PL
Zaprezentowano sposób wytworzenia porowatej warstwy wierzchniej na stali przy pomocy mikrospawania opornościowo-impulsowego z wykorzystaniem urządzenia WS7000S. Scharakteryzowano właściwości uzyskanej napoiny porowatej. Przeprowadzono badania własności mechanicznych oraz obserwację mikrostruktury.
EN
Presented was the way of forming a porous surface layer on steel with microwelding resistive-pulse using a device WS7000S. Porous properties of the resulting layer were characterized. Mechanical properties were studied and the microstructure was observed.
EN
In the paper, the influence of both the bearing surfaces roughness as well as porosity of one bearing surface on the pressure distribution and load-carrying capacity of a curvilinear, externally pressurized, thrust bearing is discussed. The equations of motion of a pseudo-plastic Rabinowitsch fluid are used to derive the Reynolds equation. After general considerations on the flow in a bearing clearance and in a porous layer using the Morgan-Cameron approximation and Christensen theory of hydrodynamic lubrication with rough bearing surfaces the modified Reynolds equation is obtained. The analytical solution is presented; as a result one obtains the formulae expressing the pressure distribution and load-carrying capacity. Thrust radial and conical bearings, externally pressurized, are considered as numerical examples.
EN
The present theoretical analysis is to investigate the effect of non-Newtonian lubricant modelled by a Rabinowitsch fluid on the performance of a curvilinear squeeze film bearing with one porous wall. The equations of motion of a Rabinowitsch fluid are used to derive the Reynolds equation. After general considerations on the flow in a bearing clearance and in a porous layer using the Morgan-Cameron approximation the modified Reynolds equation is obtained. The analytical solution of this equation for the case of a squeeze film bearing is presented. As a result one obtains the formulae expressing pressure distribution and load-carrying capacity. Thrust radial bearing and spherical bearing with a squeeze film are considered as numerical examples.
EN
In the paper the influence of both bearing surfaces roughness and porosity of one bearing surface on the pressure distribution and load-carrying capacity of a thrust bearing surfaces is discussed. The equations of motion of a pseudo-plastic fluid of Rotem-Shinnar, are used to derive the Reynolds equation. After general considerations on the flow in a bearing clearance and in a porous layer using the Morgan-Cameron approximation and Christensen theory of hydrodynamic lubrication the modified Reynolds equation is obtained. The analytical solutions of this equation for the cases of squeeze film bearing and externally pressurized bearing are presented. As a result one obtains the formulae expressing pressure distribution and load-carrying capacity. Thrust radial bearing with squeezed film is considered as a numerical example.
PL
Celem pracy było zapoznanie się z metodą mikrospawania opornościowo-impulsowego oraz zaznajomienie się z właściwościami i mikrostrukturą porowatych warstw wierzchnich. Został również dokonany dobór materiału podłoża stali S235JR oraz materiałów napawanych, którymi były pa-sty wykonane z oleju silikonowego oraz mieszanin proszków żelaza: NC 100.24, ASC 100.29, Distaloy SE z tlenkiem żelaza (Fe2O3) i miedzią (Cu). Po przygotowaniu materiałów nastąpił dobór właściwych parametrów mikrospawania. W celu wytworzenia porowatej warstwy wierzchniej na stali zastosowano napawanie metodą mikrospawania opornościowo-impulsowego z wykorzystaniem urządzenia do mikrospawania WS7000S firmy SST France & Vision Lasertechnik.
EN
The aim of this study was to examine method of resistance microwelding and familiarization with the properties and microstructure of porous surface layers made using this method. The selection of the substrate material (S235JR steel) and welded materials, which were pastes made of silicone oil and iron powders (NC 100.24, ASC 100.29, Distaloy SE) with Fe2O3 and Cu powders addition was made. After selecting the materials the choice of appropriate microwelding parameters was made.
EN
In the paper the effect of both bearing surfaces and the porosity of one bearing surface on the pressure distribution and load-carrying capacity of a squeeze film bearing is discussed. The equations of motion of a Bingham fluid in a bearing clearance and in a porous layer are presented. Using the Morgan-Cameron approximation and Christensen theory of rough lubrication the modified Reynolds equation is obtained. The analytical solutions of this equation for a squeeze film bearing are presented. As a result one obtains the formulae expressing pressure distribution and load-carrying capacity. A thrust radial bearing is considered as a numerical example.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki obliczeń skuteczności odpylania gazów w warstwie porowatej zbudowanej ze żwiru przy wykorzystaniu istniejącego modelu filtracji. Do obliczeń przyjęto rzeczywiste parametry złoża i procesu filtracji zastosowane w projektowaniu odpylacza nasypowego. Przeprowadzono analizę procesu odpylania wykazując, że przyjęty model obowiązuje jedynie dla parametrów, jakie zastosowano w procesie jego tworzenia. Wyniki analizy przedstawiono w tabelach i na wykresach.
EN
In the paper is presented the results of calculations of dust extraction effectiveness in porous layer which is build from slag using existing model of filtration. The real parameters of filter bed and filtration process were applied in projecting of the graver filter. The analyze of dust extraction process was showed that used model is in force only for parameters which was applied in process of its creating. Analyses are presented in schedules and on graphs.
PL
Wspólną funkcją selektywnych membran półprzepuszczalnych stosowanych w membranowych procesach rozdziału jest zróżnicowanie szybkości transportu składników. Membrana może być jednorodną trzecią fazą lub niejednorodną przegrodą rozdzielającą dwie fazy, między którymi odbywa się transport wybranych składników.
11
Content available remote Onset of convection in a sparsely packed porous layer with throughflow
EN
The onset of Rayleigh-Bénard convection in a sparsely packed porous layer with vertical throughflow is investigated using Brinkman's modification of the Darcy flow model with fluid viscosity different from effective viscosity. The critical Rayleigh numbers are obtained for free-free, rigid-rigid and rigid-free boundaries which are insulated to temperature perturbations. It is noted that an increase in the value of viscosity ratio is to delay the onset of convection. Further, it is observed that the throughflow can be used either to suppress or augment convection, depending on the nature of boundaries and also on the values of physical parameters.
EN
A model which explains the diffusive transport of chemicals in saturated porous media due to vibrations have been developed taking into account restructuring of surface liquid layers. Estimation of effective diffusive coefficient under given vibration parameters is proposed for stratum of pores which are parallel slots of width distributed according to law with a given normal probability density.
PL
W pracy analizuje się zwiększenie szybkości dyfuzji substancji w nasyconym ośrodku porowatym pod wpływem drgań mechanicznych, wywołujących zmianę struktury cieczy związanej z porowatym szkieletem. Dla procesu stacjonarnego wyznacza się efektywne makroskopowe współczynniki dyfuzji substancji, która migruje przez szczeliny płaskiej warstwy zanurzonej w roztworze, przy oddziałaniu harmoniczne zmiennych drgań.
PL
Wielostopniowe rozprężanie w zaworach regulacyjnych pracujących przy wysokich parametrach czynnika, jest sposobem na obniżenie poziomu hałasu emitowanego przez zawory. W tym celu, zamiast klasycznego rozwiązania gniazdo-grzyb, w korpusach zaworów instaluje się zespoły dławiące w postaci kaskad, labiryntów lub warstwy porowatej. W artykule omówiono metody obliczeń współczynnika oporu warstwy porowatej i wyniki badań laboratoryjnych tej warstwy. Przedstawione materiały są fragmentem prac prowadzonych w Instytucie Techniki Cieplnej w Łodzi.
EN
In order to decrease noise level in control valves, multistage expanding of high parameter working medium is used Instead of classical solution with pin and seat, special throttling units in valve casing are mounted. They are in the form of cascades, labyrinths or porous layer. In this article, calculation method of coefficient of resistance of porous layer was described as well as results of laboratory investigations. All presented materials are only a part of works carried out in our Institute of Heat Engineering.
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