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Comparative FE-studies of interface behavior of granular Cosserat materials under constant pressure and constant volume conditions

Ebrahimian B., Alsaleh M. I., Kahbasi A.

Archives of Mechanics

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2021

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Vol. 73, nr 5-6

421--470

EN

This article shows the outcomes of a systematic series of finite element (FE) calculations relevant to the shear behavior of a particulate-continuum interface system under different normal boundary conditions. In this respect, shearing of a thin and long granular Cosserat layer in the vicinity of a rigid moving wall with varied surface roughness values is analyzed under constant normal pressure and constant volume conditions. The material behavior is defined with a special elasto-plastic Cosserat model, taking into account micro-rotation, micro-curvature, couple stress, and mean particle size. The interaction between the layer of boundary particles and the surface roughness of the adjoining bottom wall is modeled by the rotation resistance of particles along the wall surface. Herein, the coupled effects of normal confining constraints imposed on the layer and the surface roughness of the bottom wall, are considered on the response of granular material under shearing. The influences of pressure level and initial void ratio are explored as well. Numerical results demonstrate that the dilatancy constraint prescribed to the interface plane in the normal direction, and the wall roughness have visible influences on the interface shear resistance as well as the deformation field formed within the layer. After large shearing, the width of the localized zone along the wall does not necessarily depend on the normal confining constraint and the applied pressure level. However, the localized zone characteristics and the interface shear response are mainly affected by the initial void ratio of the material. In addition to FE analyses, DEM-based simulations are also performed to investigate the micro-mechanical response of granular medium adjacent to a wall under shearing. FE predictions are qualitatively compared with DEM results, and reasonable agreement is observed.

2

Flow structure over square bars at intermediate submergence: Large Eddy Simulation study of bar spacing effect

Stoesser T., Nikora V. I.

Acta Geophysica

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2008

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Vol. 56, no. 3

876-893

EN

Turbulent open-channel flow over 2D roughness elements is investigated numerically by Large Eddy Simulation (LES). The flow over square bars for two roughness regimes (k-type roughness and transitional roughness between d-type and k-type) at a relative submergence of H/k = 6.5 is considered, where H is the maximum water depth and k is the roughness height. The selected roughness configurations are based on laboratory experiments, which are used for validating numerical simulations. Results from the LES, in turn, complement the experiments in order to investigate the time-averaged flow properties at much higher spatial resolution. The concept of the double-averaging (DA) of the governing equations is utilized to quantify roughness effects at a range of flow properties. Double-averaged velocity profiles are analysed and the applicability of the logarithmic law for rough-wall flows of intermediate submergence is evaluated. Momentum flux components are quantified and roughness effect on their vertical distribution is assessed using an integral form of the DA-equations. The relative contributions of pressure drag and viscous friction to the overall bed shear stress are also reported.

3

Deformation measurements in granular bodies using a Particle Image Velocimetry technique

Słomiński C., Niedostatkiewicz M., Tejchman J.

Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics

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2006

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Vol. 53, nr 1

71-94

EN

The paper presents results of strain measurements in cohesionless sand in two different boundary value problems, namely quasi-static pull-out test of a steel wall and confined granular flow in a rectangular model silo using a non-destructive method called Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) which is a technique for measuring surface displacements from digital images. Advantages and disadvantages of the method are outlined.