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A study on welding quality for the automatic vertical-position welding process based on Mahalanobis Distance method

Jin B.-J., Park M.-H., Yun T.-J., Shim J.-Y., Kang B.-Y., Kim I.-S.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 91, nr 1

31--40

EN

Purpose: The welding quality and reducing production cost could be achieved by developing the automatic on-line welding quality monitoring system. However, investigation of welding fault to quantify the welding quality on the horizontal-position welding has been concentrated. Therefore, MD (Mahalanobis Distance) method on the vertical-position welding process by analysing the transform arc voltage and welding current gained from the on-line monitoring system has been applied. Design/methodology/approach: The transformed welding current and arc voltage data were taken from the experiment whereby the data number was 2500 data/s. The prediction of Contact Tip to Work Distance (CTWD) to gain best welding quality using the waveform variations were then taken from the experimental results. MD was employed to quantify the welding quality by analysing the transformed arc voltage and welding current. Finally, the optimal CTWD setting has verified the developed algorithms through additional experiments. Two kinds of experiments has been carried out by changing welding parameters artificially to verify the sensitivity and feasibility of WQ (Welding Quality) based on the concepts of MD and normal distribution. Findings: The results represented that WQ was fully capable of quantifying and qualifying the welding faults for automatic vertical-position welding process. Research limitations/implications: The arc welding process on the vertical-position compared to a horizontal-position welding is much more difficult because the metal transfer is influenced by the gravity force. To solve the problem, a new algorithm to monitor and control the welding fault during the arc welding process has been developed. Furthermore, optimization of welding parameters for the vertical-position welding process was really difficult to use the developed algorithms because they are only useful in selecting stored data and not for evaluating the effect of the variation of welding parameters on the weld ability. Practical implications: The developed algorithm could be achieved the highest welding quality at 15mm CTWD setting which the welding quality is 99.50% for the start section and 99.68% at the middle section. Originality/value: This paper proposed a new algorithm which employed the concepts of MD (Mahalanobis Distance) and normal distribution to describe a good quality welding.

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Mikrotomograficzna identyfikacja wad powłok napawanych

Józwik J., Dziedzic K., Wierzba W.

Przegląd Spawalnictwa

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2016

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R. 88, nr 7

34--37

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wykorzystanie metody tomografii komputerowej CT (ang. Computed Tomography) do oceny powłok napawanych. Do otrzymania napoin wykorzystano metodę napawania elektrodą nietopliwą w osłonie gazowej TIG (ang. tungsten inert gas) z wykorzystaniem stopowych drutów do napawania powłok odpornych na zużycie o nazwach handlowych: EL-500 HB, EL-600 HB, EL-650 HB. Scharakteryzowano typowe wady wykonanych napoin oraz wpływ rodzaju drutu na koncentrację wad. Najmniejszy średni procentowy udział wad w stosunku do powierzchni całkowitej otrzymano dla napoiny EL- 600 HB, który wyniósł 1,5%.

EN

The paper presents the use of Computed Tomography (CT) for the evaluation of padding coatings. The method used to obtain a padding weld is pad welding with tungsten inert gas (TIG) using alloy wires for pad welding of wear resistant layers under the trade names: EL-500 HB, EL-600 HB, EL-650 HB. It characterizes the typical defects of obtained padding welds and the impact of the type of wire on the concentration of defects. The smallest average percentage of defects in relation to the overall surface is observed for the padding weld EL-600 HB, which amounts to 1.5%.

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Nowoczesne systemy monitorowania procesu zgrzewania tarciowego metodą FSW

Pietras A., Węglowska A., Kowieski Sz., Miara D.

Biuletyn Instytutu Spawalnictwa w Gliwicach

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2012

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R. 56, nr 5

160-162

PL

: Metoda FSW jest coraz szerzej stosowana w różnych gałęziach światowego przemysłu, przede wszystkim do łączenia stopów aluminium w przemyśle samochodowym, stoczniowym, lotnictwie i przemyśle kosmicznym. Do kontroli warunków zgrzewania oraz wykrywania wad i niezgodności w zgrzeinie mogą być stosowane różne metody. Ostatnio budowane i rozwijane są systemy kontroli "on-line" procesu zgrzewania, oparte o badania warunków mechanicznych zgrzewania - system LowStir, badania procesu tworzenia zgrzeiny za pomocą kamer wizyjnych i termowizyjnych oraz badania ultradźwiękowe zgrzein laserowym systemem LUT. Celem opracowywania systemów kontroli procesu zgrzewania FSW jest umożliwienie oceny na bieżąco jakości tworzonej zgrzeiny oraz wykrywania ewentualnych wad powstających już na etapie wytwarzania konstrukcji na stanowisku zgrzewalniczym. Pozwoli to na wyeliminowanie elementów wadliwych z produkcji.

EN

The FSW method is widely used in many different branches of the industry in the world, especially for joining of aluminium alloys in the automotive, shipbuilding, aircraft and aerospace industry. In order to control the welding conditions and to detect the defects and imperfections in welds, different methods can be used. Recently, for welding processes, it has been developed on-line control systems. The systems are based on the inspection of the mechanical conditions of welding ( LowStir system), on investigations into the process of weld formation with the use of visual and thermovision cameras and on ultrasonic examination of welds with the use of laser systems ( LUT). The aim of the development of control systems for FSW processes is to provide the possibility of on-line assessment of the quality of welds which are being formed and also of detection of possible defects which may be formed in the welds, as early as in the stage of the product manufacture in the welding station. It will enable to eliminate defective elements from the production.

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"Jakość rzeczywista, czy jakoś tam będzie". Jakość prac spawalniczych a problemy ekonomiczne wytwarzania

Saperski J., Wińcza M.

Przegląd Spawalnictwa

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2009

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R. 81, nr 11

59-62

PL

Omówiono wpływ wad spawalniczych na jakość konstrukcji i zależności między złą jakością i koniecznością poprawy złączy spawanych (w różnych etapach produkcji) a bezpośrednimi i pośrednimi stratami natury ekonomicznej, w tym również często przewyższającymi wartość wykonywanej konstrukcji.