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PL
W artykule omówiono metodykę badań szczeliw konstrukcyjnych w celu określenia ich właściwości wytrzymałościowych. Przedstawiono wymagania stawiane masom uszczelniającym, jakie muszą spełnić, aby mogły być zastosowane do szklenia strukturalnego. Zamieszczono również wyniki badań dwóch typów szczeliwa oraz dokonano oceny wpływu zastosowanych czynników starzeniowych na zasadnicze właściwości mas uszczelniających.
EN
This article discusses the methodology of research the structural sealants to determine their strength properties. Presented the requirements which the masses sealing have to meet to be used in structural glazing. Also contains the results of two types of sealant and assesses the effect of the aging factor of the fundamental properties of sealants.
2
Content available remote On the measurement of surface tension in binders used for moulding sands
EN
The surface tension of foundry binders is a very important parameter affecting the properties of a sand-binder system. Combined with other parameters, its value determines an outcome of the process of moulding sand preparation and the mechanical properties of the ready moulding composition. The problem of how to measure the surface tension of binders used in preparation of moulding sands is discussed only occasionally. Indirectly, the surface tension is characterised by the value of a contact angle, but it never means that these two parameters can be considered identical. Numerous methods are available and used at present to measure the surface tension, among others, the capillary rise method, the spinning drop method, the sessile drop method, the pendant drop method, the method of pulled out ring (or plate, or frame). There is also a rich variety of devices offered with different measuring methods. The devices are modern and represent a high level of the technical skill and art. Unfortunately, also their price is high. It is, however, possible to obtain the reliable results of the surface tension measurement using relatively simple methods, viz. the stalagmometric method and the capillary rise method. What is necessary are proper conditions of the measurement, directly related with the specific properties of binders. The present paper gives examples of the results obtained during measurement of the surface tension of some selected binders. Attention was drawn to the methods of taking measurements, and the obtained results were discussed and analysed. The possibilities of detemining the surface tension of the examined binders from the results of the contact angle measurements using the "sessile drop" and "pendant drop" methods were outlined.
3
Content available remote Evaluation of wettability of binders used in moulding sands
EN
Binders used in moulding sand have the differential properties. One of the main parameters influencing on moulding sand properties is wettability of the sand grain by binding material. In the article some problems concerned with wettability evaluation have been presented and the importance of this parameter for quantity description of process occurring in system: binder- sand grain has been mentioned. The procedure of wetting angle measurement and operation of prototype apparatus for wettability investigation of different binders used in moulding sand have been described, as well as the results of wetting angle measurement for different binders at different conditions. The addition of little amount of proper diluent to binder results in the state of equilibrium reached almost immediately. Such addition can also reduce the value of equilibrium contact angle. The uniform distribution of binder on the surface of the sand grains and reducing of the required mixing time can be obtained. It has also a positive effect on the moulding sand strength.
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