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Hydrochemical characteristics and water quality assessment of groundwater in the Yishu River basin

Liu Jiutan, Wang Min, Gao Zongjun, Chen Qiao, Wu Guangwei, Li Fuquan

Acta Geophysica

2020

Vol. 68, no. 3

877--889

Groundwater is the primary source of water for human development in the Yishu River basin, and therefore characterizing groundwater quality is essential for sustainable development of groundwater resources in the region. This study aimed to determine the hydrochemical characteristics and water quality of groundwater in the Yishu River basin by sampling 45 wells in October 2016 and May 2017. Hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater were determined using integrated hydrochemical analysis and the groundwater quality was evaluated based on the water quality index (WQI). Groundwater of the Yishu River basin was characterized as weak alkaline hard water with mean concentrations of total hardness and total dissolved solids of less than 500 mg L−1 and 1000 mg L−1, respectively, and the principal chemical components of groundwater were higher in 2016 than in 2017. A Piper diagram showed that 64.4% of the water samples contained Ca–HCO3 type water and 27% contained mixed water (27%). The dominant processes driving the chemical composition of groundwater were found to be dissolution of silicate and carbonate minerals and cation exchange. The saturation index indicated that carbonate minerals were supersaturated, whereas gypsum, fuorite, and halite were unsaturated. The WQI indicated good groundwater quality in the Yishu River basin, with only one water sample classifed as having "poor" water quality in 2016 and 2017, respectively. However, these samples contained high nitrate concentrations (>200 mg L−1), which may be the result of domestic sewage discharge and/or the use of agricultural fertilizers.

Seasonal Changes of Hydrochemical Conditions in Selected Lakes of the Drawa National Park (Poland)

Silicki A., Mazurkiewicz-Zapałowicz K., Wolska M.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A

2010

Vol. 17, nr 10

1369-1377

The aim of this study was to determine seasonal changes of hydrochemical conditions in subsurface and near-bottom water in lakes Marta and Sitno located in the Drawa National Park (Poland). Hydrochemical monitoring was conducted in years 2005–2007 and comprised determination of temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, phosphates, nitrates(III), nitrates(V), iron(II) and total iron. The study revealed that in both lakes oxygen saturation of subsurface and near-bottom water within the littoral zone reached maximum values in spring and minimum values in autumn. In deeper layers, hypoxia occurred in near-bottom water throughout the whole study period. Average temperature of both subsurface and near-bottom water was significantly higher in lake Marta. Concentrations of nitrates (III and V) were higher in lake Sitno, and the difference was statistically significant for near-bottom layer. Elevated concentrations of nutrients observed in both lakes indicate their eutrophic character. Lower nitrate(III) concentrations in lake Marta may evidence occurrence of denitrification processes.

Celem pracy było określenie sezonowych zmian warunków hydrochemicznych w warstwie powierzchniowej i przydennej jezior Marta i Sitno w DPN. Badania hydrochemiczne przeprowadzono w latach 2005-2007, podczas których mierzono pH, temperaturę, zawartość tlenu, azotanów(III i V), fosforanów, żelaza dwuwartościowe i ogólną zawartość żelaza. Pomiary zawartości O2 wykazały, że warstwy powierzchniowe i przydenne w litoralu obydwóch jezior były maksymalnie wysycone tlenem wiosną, a minimalnie jesienią. W całym okresie badań stwierdzono niedotlenienie warstw przydennych w obydwóch jeziorach. Kontrola warunków termicznych wykazała, że średnia temperatura wody w obu warstwach w jeziorze Marta jest znacznie wyższa aniżeli w jeziorze Sitno. Analiza stężeń azotanów(III i V) wykazała większą ich zawartość w obu warstwach w jeziorze Sitno, aniżeli w jeziorze Marta. Różnice te udowodniono statystycznie dla warstwy przydennej. Wykazana w obydwóch zbiornikach podwyższona zawartość pierwiastków biogennych klasyfikuje je jako eutroficzne. Mniejsze stężenie azotanów(III) w jeziorze Marta może świadczyć o zachodzącym w nim procesie denitryfikacji.