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EN
In this paper analyze of trends observed in machine-tools building were conducted. In this analyze two units: control system and fixed headstocks were took into account. These units were undergo to changes in the biggest range.
PL
Obrabiarki skrawające tworzą najliczniejszą grupę wśród szeroko pojętych maszyn technologicznych. Trudno sobie dzisiaj wyobrazić gałąź przemysłu, w której nie stanowiłyby one istotnego ogniwa, niezbędnego do realizacji przyjętych przez przedsiębiorstwo zadań. Występują one począwszy od firm wytwarzających wszelkiego rodzaju maszyny, urządzenia bądź elementy do nich (a więc realizujące zasadnicze dla danej branży procesy technologiczne), poprzez zakłady realizujące naprawy i remonty, do przedsiębiorstw utrzymujących je w zdatności eksploatacyjnej. Z tego powodu rozważania w tym opracowaniu przeprowadzono właśnie na przykładzie tej grupy maszyn.
2
Content available remote Alumina composites with solid lubricant content
EN
Purpose: The aim of the study presented in this article is to determine the effect of the addition of solid lubricating substances on the selected properties of ceramic tool materials. The effect of tested lubricant additives on the density, porosity, Young’s modulus and Vickers hardness of Al2O3-based ceramics with Ti(C,N) was determined. Design/methodology/approach: Ceramic materials based on aluminium oxide with the addition of solid lubricating substances. Materials were obtained by uniaxial compression with the addition of sliding substances, then isostatically pressed, and dried. The sintering process was carried out at a temperature of 1750°C under high vacuum conditions. Density, Vickers hardness and Young’s modulus was determined for these materials. The materials were also subjected to tribological analysis. The results obtained were compared with the properties of ceramic material based on Al2O3 + 30 mass.% Ti(C,N), from which tool materials were made. Findings: The use of solid lubricating substances in the production of ceramic materials allowed a reduction in the coefficient of friction. Depending on the sliding additives used, the relative density values of individual materials were in the range of 85.3% to 92.3%. Young’s modulus values for these materials were in the range of 273 GPa to 343 GPa, and Vickers hardness in the range of 966 to 1373 HV1. The results of tribological analysis showed a coefficient of friction value for the base material of 0.51. For the other materials, the coefficient of friction values were in the range 0.28 to 0.41, the lowest value being for the material with the addition of BaZrO3. Practical implications: Ceramic materials with the addition of solid lubricating substances may be used in cutting tools. Study of the composition and production technology of such tools allows for the minimisation of the use of liquid cooling lubricants in the machining process and the achievement of higher cutting speeds. Originality/value: Ceramic materials intended for cutting tool blades were produced with the addition of materials of a layered structure or of high cleavage by free sintering. These materials were added to the structure, resulting in a reduced coefficient of friction, which was measured at between 55% and 75% of the coefficient of friction of the base material. The coefficient of friction was determined for friction pairs: ceramic material - high hardness steel ball.
EN
The paper present results of investigations of the type base material of the W-Mo-V-Co+Si, with economically adjusted chemical composition on structure and properties of hard, wear resistant coatings of titanium nitride TiN and titanium carbonitride Ti(C,N), deposited in the PVD process. It was shown that high-speed steels containing 9%-11% tungsten, 2% molybdenum and limited the Co concentration from 10% to about 5%, coated in the PVD process expose properties comparable with the ones obtained on the others high-speed steels grades. This makes it possible to employ in practice the high-speed steels with relatively low concentration of the alloying elements instead of the high-alloy cobalt steels, provided the base heat treatment is carried out so that it ensures the maximum secondary hardness.
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