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1 1999

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Otrzymywanie i właściwości impregnowanych węgli aktywnych

Choma J., Kloske M.

Ochrona Środowiska

1999

nr 2

3-17

The paper includes an account of the available methods by •which impregnated active carbons are prepared, and charac-terizes their influence on tlie properties of the active carbons obtained, special consideration being given to those containing chromium, copper and silver. Particular preparation methods are discussed, and the chemical nature of the carbon surface, as well as the role of the oxygen functional groups, is analysed. Characterized are also the impregnating agents which are in use now, the methods of catalyst deposition on the carbon surface, along with a variety of models describing the adsorption of cyanogen chloride (a standard compound made use of when evaluating the sorbing properties of chromium-and copper-mo- dified carbons), the hydrolysis and oxidation reactions accom-panying the catalytic degradation of the toxic species absorbed by the carbons from the ambient air (e.g., cyanogen chloride, hydrogen cyanide or phosgene). Considered is also the mecha-nism responsible for the deterioration and loss of the sorbing and catalytic properties of impregnated carbons, as well as tlie available regeneration methods. The problems presented in the paper will undoubtedly account for a better understanding of how some major factors (e.g., the porous structure, the chemical homogeneity of the sorbent surface, or the components of the impregnating mixture) affect the adsorbing and catalytic pro-perties, as well as the lifetime of the impregnated carbons.