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Calculation of Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Apparatus with Regular Tubular Packing

Issayeva Aikerim Nurlankyzy, Korganbayev Bayrzhan Nogaybaevich, Volnenko Alexandr Anatolevich, Zhumadullayev Daulet Koshkarovich, Jumadillayeva Gulzhamal Nurtazaevna

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

2021

Tom 23

868--882

Among the apparatuses with a regular arrangement of packing elements creating an in-phase mode of vortex interaction, which ensures high efficiency of the processes, it is interesting to use a standard tubular packing. Such packing allows additional advantages associated with heat supply or extraction directly in the contact zone of the interacting phases, which is very important for conducting some chemisorption processes. The research covers such hydrodynamic regularities as hydraulic resistance during a heat carrier movement in pipes and during external flow around a tubular beam, retained liquid amount and gas content of layer in the external flow around the tubular beam with liquid and gas flows. The research was carried out using an experimental setup with a heat and mass transfer apparatus with regular tubular packing. The medium used during experiments is water-air. The research methodology included standard methods for determining hydraulic resistance and retained liquid amount and visual observation and photographing of gas-liquid flows. The novelty of the research was equations – one for calculating the hydraulic resistance in pipes, taking into account local resistances and pipe roughness. The other ones for determining the pressure losses during the external flow around the tubular beam, the retained liquid amount, and the gas content of the layer, taking into account the vortex interaction of gas and liquid flows. Graphical and calculated dependences of the investigated hydrodynamic characteristics were obtained as a result of the conducted research of the hydraulic resistance during the heat carrier movement in the pipes, as well as the hydraulic resistance and the retained liquid amount during the external flow around the tubular beam with a change in the gas velocity and irrigation density. When the heat carrier flows in the pipes, the numerical values of the hydraulic resistance in the transient mode do not exceed 1.5 kPa, in the developed turbulence mode in the range of the Reynolds number from 1·104 to 6·104 ΔР varies from 1.5 to 53 kPa. With the external flow around the tubular beam, in the developed turbulence mode wg=4 m/s and L = 25 m3/m2h, the hydraulic resistance is 85 Pa, the retained liquid amount is 4.5·10-3 m. The change in the irrigation density in this mode (developed turbulence) in the L range from 10 to 100 m3/m2h leads to an increase in the hydraulic resistance from 65 to 160 Pa, the retained liquid amount from 2.16·10-3 to 13.6·10-3 m. The calculated dependencies are the basis of the method for calculating the hydrodynamic characteristics of the apparatus with the regular tubular packing, which can be used to calculate industrial devices.

Interaction of heavy aircraft wakes

Bugała P., Dziubiński A.

Prace Instytutu Lotnictwa

2016

Nr 4 (245)

309--320

In the next few years the problem of heavy aircraft wakes may increase on the account of continuous air transport growth. However, it can be noticed that even today the number of accidents resulting from an interaction with wakes is increasing. That is the reason why methods of wake vortex description should be searched for. The aim of this study is to analyze interaction of example aircraft wakes. In this paper the characteristics of vortex wake behind three-dimensional wing arc presented. It shows how a separation between aircraft affects the decay of vortex. Two- and three-dimensional calculations were performed using commercial RANS code. The following cases have been taken into consideration: flow past a full commercial aircraft, three-dimensional flow over the simplified wing and a two-dimensional analysis of vortex decay caused by the landing aircraft, including the separation effect. For all these cases a CFD simulation of the aircraft wakes was conducted. One of the main outcome of this work is a confirmation that the interaction between wakes consists of spreading out and lifting wakes. The achieved results show that the two-dimensional simulation is a sufficient tool for a preliminary analysis of wake vortices. Conclusions from this analysis can be used by the managements of busy international airports to enhance safety.

W ciągu kilku kolejnych lat, problem wirów powstających za ciężkimi samolotami, może wzrastać z powodu rozwoju ruchu lotniczego. Jednak już dziś można zauważyć rosnącą liczbę wypadków spowodowanych interferencją z wirami. To jest powód, dla którego metody opisu wirów powinny stać się przedmiotem badań. Celem niniejszej pracy jest analiza interferencji wirów powstających za wybranym samolotem pasażerskim. W artykule zaprezentowano charakterystykę zaburzenia powstającego za trójwymiarowym skrzydłem. Niniejsza praca ukazuje wpływ separacji między samolotami na rozpad wirów. Dwu- i trójwymiarowe obliczenia zostały wykonane przy użyciu komercyjnego kodu RANS. Następujące przypadki zostały wzięte pod uwagę: przepływ za pełno wy miarowym samolotem komercyjnym, trójwymiarowa analiza wirów za uproszczonym skrzydłem oraz dwuwymiarowa symulacja rozpadu wirów za lądującymi samolotami z uwzględnieniem separacji. Dla wszystkich tych przypadków zostały przeprowadzone analizy CFD. Jednym z najistotniejszych rezultatów pracy jest potwierdzenie, że interakcja pomiędzy zaburzeniami polega na rozchodzeniu i unoszeniu się wirów. Uzyskane wyniki pokazują, że obliczenia dwuwymiarowe są wystarczające do wstępnej analizy wirów. Wnioski tych analiz mogą być wykorzystane przez zarządy zatłoczonych, międzynarodowych lotnisk do utrzymania odpowiedniego poziomu bezpieczeństwa.