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The Influence of Stand Structure on European Yew Taxus baccata Populations in Its Natural Habitats in Central Poland

Dobrowolska D., Niemczyk M., Olszowska G.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2017

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Vol. 65, nr 3

369--384

EN

Taxus baccata is a rare species throughout its entire natural range and is often categorized as nationally threatened in countries where it occurs. In Poland yew is under protection and almost all sites with yew occurrences are subject to reserve protection. The aim of the study was to answer the following questions: What is the tree diameter structure of stands in three yew reserves? What is the stand biodiversity of three yew reserves in central Poland? How does the stand species composition influence natural regeneration of yew? What shall be done in the future to protect yew in its natural habitats? The study was conducted in three yew reserves in central Poland. Based on a detailed research on 30 circular sample plots established in each reserve we found high stand diversity in all investigated areas. Shannon-Weiner index (H´) was high in general and ranged from 1.50 to 1.69, and the Shannon's index of evenness (E) ranged from 0.51 to 0.64. The diameter structure of two studied reserves was similar to natural multi-layered stand structure. The number of yew trees and their vitality was low. The species diversity of natural regeneration in all reserves was very high. However, the quantity and quality of yew regeneration in multi-layered diameter structure was significantly lower than in one-layered stand structure. To protect yew, appropriate conservation measures should be undertaken, including silvicultural treatments for in situ species conservation. We found that passive conservation is an inappropriate strategy for yew because of its weak competitiveness ability. We recommend active conservation approach, including silvicultural treatments. i.e. cutting broadleaved trees in places where the basal area is the highest, removing some trees in the upper layer of stand which compete with yews. Individual protection of yew seedlings and saplings is also necessary because of damages caused by herbivores.

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Humanistyczne aspekty fasad medialnych : wybrane zagadnienia

Celewicz P.

Środowisko Mieszkaniowe

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2013

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nr 11

63--67

PL

Niniejszy artykuł podejmuje tematykę humanistycznych aspektów realizacji obiektu architektonicznego Indenmann, który jest jednocześnie trójwymiarową fasadą medialną. Wieża widokowa, jak również całe założenie, jest architekturą symboliczną o wielorakim znaczeniu. Architektura pełni rolę edukacyjną jako pomnik – przestroga oraz kształtuje identyfikacje miejsca i regionu, markę gminy. Strażnik miejsca to także atrakcja turystyczna oraz znak w krajobrazie pomagający w orientacji.

EN

This article concerns the theme of the humanistic aspects of implementing the architectural object Indenmann which is a three-dimensional media façade, too. The view tower as well as the entire layout is symbolical architecture with a multisided meaning. It acts as an educational monument – a warning – and shapes the identification of the place and the region, the quality of the commune with respect to its future and growth. “The guard of the place” is also a tourist attraction and a sign in the landscape which helps to get one’s bearings. Moreover, it is an interesting example of the self-governmental authorities’ long-term policy concerning the future of the region with its inhabitants.

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State value of pipeline transport systems if there is injury from external influence State value of pipeline transport systems if there is injury from external influence

Tararychkin I., Nechaev G., Slobodyanyuk M.

Transport Problems

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2012

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T. 7, z. 2

43-52

EN

In the article considered questions about selection of criteria for state value of pipeline systems if there is damage from external influences. The algorithm is formulated and the computer program to calculate the survivability of transport systems is compiled. The program allows to establish the extent of damage of the system by given scenario of damage.

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Ludzie w krajobrazie miasta

Jeleński T.

Czasopismo Techniczne. Architektura

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2007

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R. 104, z. 5-A

140-142

PL

Człowiek tworzy krajobraz na wielu poziomach: spostrzegania, interpretacji, ingerencji, a także samą swoją obecnością, jako element krajobrazu. Ten ostatni rodzaj wpływu wydaje się tym ważniejszy, że człowiek znajdujący się w polu widzenia przyciąga uwagę i oddziałuje na zmysły silniej niż nieożywione elementy przestrzeni. Podobnie działa grupa ludzi lub miejski tłum, którego estetyczne walory stanowią przedmiot rosnącego zainteresowania artystów i badaczy.

EN

Man creates landscape on many levels, such as perception, interpretation, interference, as well as through his actual presence as a landscape element. That last type of influence seems the more important that a man standing in the field of view attracts attention and impacts senses stronger than any inanimate space elements. The same about a group of people or a city crowd, whose aesthetic values are the subject of growing interest of artists and researchers.