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1

Quantification of triazine herbicides using chloroplasts in conjunction with thin-layer chromatography

Broszat M., Ernst H., Spangenberg B.

Environmental Biotechnology

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2011

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Vol. 7, No. 2

47-52

EN

We present a video-densitometric quantification method for the triazine herbicides atraton, terbumeton, simazine, atrazine and terbutylazine. Triazine herbicides were separated on silica gel using methyl-t-butyl ether, cyclohexane (1+1, v/v) as mobile phase. The quantification was based on a bioeffective-linked analysis using chloroplast and 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol. Within 1-2 minutes HILL-reaction inhibitor substances show blue-grey zones on a pale yellowgreen background. To increase the contrast, the moist plate can be dipped into a solution of PEG-600 (10% PEG-600 in methanol) for 2s. Measurements were carried out using a 16 bit ST-1603ME CCD camera with 1.56 megapixels (from Santa Barbara Instrument Group, Inc., Santa Barbara, USA). A white LED was used for illumination purposes. The range of linearity covers more than one magnitude using the (1/R) - 1 expression data transformation. The method can be used for herbicide screenings in environmental samples, because not spectral sensitivity but herbicide activity is measured. The separation method is cheap, fast and reliable.

2

Dealing with charged-coupled device noise in thin-layer videodensitometry. Optimization of several image-denoising techniques

Komsta Ł.

Acta Chromatographica

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2009

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Vol. 21, no. 3

355--367

EN

Charged-coupled device (CCD) noise can be a serious problem during videoscanning, especially when scanning dark plates with weakly fluorescent spots. The proper denoising of videoscans inside mathematical environments is a critical part of any advanced chemometric processing. The paper reports comparison and optimization of representative videoscan denoising by different techniques. Several kind of filters (averaging, circular, Gaussian, Savitzky-Golay, median, Wiener, FIR) and wavelet shrinkage (twelve mother wavelets from the Daubechies, Symmlet, and Coiflet family, five decomposition levels, and soft/hard thresholding) were optimized against noise autocorrelation or mean-squared error to the reference image. The reference image was obtained by grabbing and averaging 256 CCD frames. The median filter is the winner of the competition; other filters except Gaussian and wavelet shrinkage at high decomposition level are also sufficient and good ways of videoscan denoising. The Gaussian filter and wavelet shrinkage at low decomposition level performed worst and could not be recommended.

3

Comparative validation of densitometric and videodensitometric determination of lovastatin and simvastatin in pharmaceuticals

Komsta Ł., Skibiński R., Hopkała H., Winiarczyk-Serwacka M.

Chemia Analityczna

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2007

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Vol. 52, No. 5

771-779

EN

Densitometric and videodensitometric methods for determination of lovastatin and simva-statin in commercially available pharmaceutical have been described. Analysis was performed using HPTLC Si F254 plates and hexane-methylethylketone (55:45 v/v) mobile phase. Densitometric detection was performed at 230 nm, and videoscanning at 254 nm. Calibration plots were constructed in the range 4-16 &mi; g per spot for both drugs. Calibration data were subjected to statistical analysis using AIC criterion. Quadratic regression was finally chosen. Active substances were extracted from tablets with methanol. Densitometric method was much more precise than videodensitometric one. However, no significant differences in the accuracy between both procedures were observed. The proposed methods can be used in routine drug analysis due to their precision, accuracy, and relatively low consumption of materials and reagents.

PL

W pracy opisano densytometryczną i wideodcnsylometryczną metodę oznaczania lowasta-tyny i simwastatyny w dostępnych na rynku polskim preparatach farmaceutycznych. Analizę przeprowadzono na płytkach HPTLC pokrytych żelem krzemionkowym z użyciem fazy ruchomej o składzie heksan-metyletylketon (55:45 v/v). Detekcję densytometryczną przeprowadzono przy długości fali 230 nm, a wideoskanowanie przy 254 nm. Krzywe kalibracyjne skonstruowano w zakresie stężeń 4-16 &mi; g na plamkę. Dane kalibracyjne zostały poddane analizie statystycznej i na podstawie kryterium AIC wybrano regresję kwadratową. Ekstrakcję z tabletek przeprowadzono metanolem. Pomiędzy obiema metodami nie stwierdzono różnic w dokładności, natomiast densy tometria odznaczała się wyraźnie lepszą precyzją. Proponowana metoda jest dokładna i precyzyjna, może być użyta w rutynowej analizie produktów leczniczych.