Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Shared mental models of challenging Maritime Situations: comparisons of ship and shore personnel in the Straits of Malacca and Singapo

Imset M., Øvergård K. I.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2017

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Vol. 11, no. 2

243--248

EN

Shared mental models, measured as similar perceptions and understandings of the components of a work task or an operative environment, is a key characteristic for high performing teams. Identifying and addressing differences in mental models may help enhance teamwork, and can serve as a frame for the improvement of human-centered information and communication systems. This paper has been written as part of the SESAME Straits project, a testbed within the e-Navigation framework. It examines similarities and differences in mental models between Deck Officers working aboard ships and Vessel Traffic Service Officers working ashore. Data was compared the participants´ perception of 12 challenging traffic situations in the Straits of Malacca and Singapore. A total of 189 respondents participated by means of an electronic survey. Findings show that Deck and Vessel Traffic Officers do have a large degree of shared mental models, but that there also are significant differences. In particular, there are large ship-shore differences in perceptions of the impact on local ship traffic on safety and efficiency. The second and third situation of large difference was delayed or reduced availability of port services, and challenging weather conditions. Implications are that future development of ship-shore collaborative systems should specifically explore and address the issue of local ship traffic, and to find ways to integrate information about availability and timing of port services and of difficult weather situations.

2

Causative chaindifference for each type of accidents in Japanese Maritime Traffic Systems (MTS)

Mutmainnah W., Bowo L. P., Sulistiyono A. B., Furusho M.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2017

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Vol. 11, no. 3

489--494

EN

Causative chain (CC) is a failure chain that cause accident as an outcome product of the second step of MOP model, namely line relation analysis (LRA). This CC is a connection of several causative factors (CF), an outcome product of first step of MOP model, namely corner analysis (CA). MOP Model is an abbreviation from 4M Overturned Pyramid, created by authors by combining 2 accident analysis models. There are two steps in this model, namely CA and LRA. Utilizing this model can know what is CF that happen dominantly to the accidents and what is a danger CC that characterize accidents in a certain place and certain period. By knowing the characteristics, the preventive action can be decided to decrease the number of accident in the next period. The aim of this paper is providing the development of MOP Model that has been upgraded and understanding the characteristics of each type accident. The data that is analyzed in this paper is Japanese accidents from 2008 until 2013, which is available on Japan Transportation Safety Board (JTSB)’s website. The analysis shows that every type of accidents has a unique characteristic, shown by their CFs and CCs. However, Man Factor is still playing role to the system dominantly.

3

A Novel Through Capacity Model for One-way Channel Based on Characteristics of the Vessel Traffic Flow

Nie Y., Liu K., Xin X., Yu Q.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2017

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Vol. 11, no. 3

495--502

EN

Vessel traffic flow is a key parameter for channel-through capacity and is of great significance to vessel traffic management, channel and port design and navigational risk evaluation. Based on the study of parameters of characteristics of vessel traffic flow related to channel-through capacity, this paper puts forward a brand-new mathematical model for one-way channel-through capacity in which parameters of channel length, vessel arrival rate and velocity difference in different vessels are involved and a theoretical calculating mechanism for the channel-through capacity is provided. In order to verify availability and reliability of the model, extensive simulation studies have been carried out and based on the historical AIS data, an analytical case study on the Xiazhimen Channel validating the proposed model is presented. Both simulation studies and the case study show that the proposed model is valid and all relative parameters can be readjusted and optimized to further improve the channel-through capacity. Thus, all studies demonstrate that the model is valuable for channel design and vessel management.

4

Identifying and Analyzing Safety Critical Maneuvers from High Resolution AIS Data

Mestl T., Tallakstad K.T., Castberg R.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2016

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Vol. 10, no. 1

69--77

EN

We demonstrate the value in previously disregarded parameters in AIS data, and present a novel way of quickly identifying and characterizing potentially safety critical situations for vessels with a properly configured AIS transponder. The traditional approach of studying (near) collision situations, is through vessel conflict zones, based on vessel location and speed from low resolution AIS data. Our approach utilizes the rate of turn parameter in the AIS signal, at maximum time resolution. From collision investigation reports it is often seen that prior to or at collision navigators perform frenetic rudder actions in the hope to avoid collision in the last second. These hard maneuverings are easily spotted as non-normal rate of turn signals. An identified potential critical situation may then be further characterized by the occurring centripetal acceleration a vessel is exposed to. We demonstrate the novelty of our methodology in a case study of a real ship collision. As the rate of turn parameter is directly linkable to the navigator behavior it provides information about when and to what degree actions were taken. We believe our work will therefore inspire new research on safety and human factors as a risk profiles could be derived based on AIS data.

5

Trajectory Planning with Negotiation for Maritime Collision Avoidance

Hornauer S., Hahn A., Blaich M., Reuter J.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2015

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Vol. 9, no. 3

335--341

EN

The problem of vessel collisions or near-collision situations on sea, often caused by human error due to incomplete or overwhelming information, is becoming more and more important with rising maritime traffic. Approaches to supply navigators and Vessel Traffic Services with expert knowledge and suggest trajectories for all vessels to avoid collisions, are often aimed at situations where a single planner guides all vessels with perfect information. In contrast, we suggest a two-part procedure which plans trajectories using a specialised A* and negotiates trajectories until a solution is found, which is acceptable for all vessels. The solution obeys collision avoidance rules, includes a dynamic model of all vessels and negotiates trajectories to optimise globally without a global planner and extensive information disclosure. The procedure combines all components necessary to solve a multi-vessel encounter and is tested currently in simulation and on several test beds. The first results show a fast converging optimisation process which after a few negotiation rounds already produce feasible, collision free trajectories.

6

Passage Planning System in Ports: An overview

Yip T. L.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2015

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Vol. 9, no. 4

483-487

EN

A conceptual model is proposed to monitor marine traffic through precautionary areas, which can provide us with a systematic control of passage planning in ports. On one hand, vessel traffic control has its special features and is fundamentally different from highway, air and pedestrian traffic control. The existing traffic control systems cannot be simply extended to vessel traffic control without addressing marine traffic features. On the other hand, existing vessel traffic control focuses on one ship or two ships but does not address the flows of marine traffic.

7

Maritime Safety – Stakeholders in Information Exchange Process

Wołejsza P., Thombre S., Guinness R.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2015

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Vol. 9, no. 1

143--148

EN

This paper presents the methodology and research results on identification of potential users of the ESABALT system, which is targeted towards improving the situational awareness in the Baltic Sea region. We describe the technique of analysing the stakeholders involved in maritime sector processes, especially in maritime transport processes, while also taking into account their different classification criteria. The resulting list of stakeholders is used to identify system users and their classification into user profiles groups. This study will form the basis for the identification of user requirements of the ESABALT system.

8

Data Acquisition in a Manoeuver Auto-negotiation System

Szlapczynska J.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2015

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Vol. 9, no. 3

343--348

EN

Typical approach to collision avoidance systems with artificial intelligence support is that such systems assume a central communication and management point (such as e.g. VTS station), usually located on shore. This approach is, however, not applicable in case of an open water encounter. Thus, recently a new approach towards collision avoidance has been proposed, assuming that all ships in the encounter, either restricted or open water, communicate with each other and negotiate their maneuvers, without involving any outer management or communication center. Usually the negotiation process is driven by the collision avoidance software and called auto-negotiation. This paper elaborates on data acquisition problem in case of the maneuver auto-negotiation. It focuses on ships' initialization in the system and data gathering.

9

The Need for VTS in the 21st Century – A Personal Perspective

Standerline B.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2014

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Vol. 8, no. 3

467--469

EN

This article is a personal view on why the need for port and coastal VTS services are needed around the world and in places where the need was never perceived before. From a professional formers mariners perspective the growth of VTS exactly mirrors the reduction in the standards of marine officer and the resulting reduction in the regard for the profession as a whole.

10

Influence of Automatic Identification System on Safety of Navigation at Sea

Stupak T.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2014

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Vol. 8, no. 3

337--341

EN

Detection of small crafts/targets, in particular, sailing yachts with the ship's radar is not always possible. Radar reflectors are used to improve their detection. The AIS (Automatic Identification System) transmits position, motion vector and identification signals of a vessel to other ships and VTS (Vessel Traffic Services) centers . This system significantly increases the possibility to detect small crafts. The paper presents results of comparative study of using information from the Automatic Identification System and from radar to determine the accuracy of tracking the position and motion vector of ships in the Gulf of Gdansk. Possibilities and limitations of the AIS are also presented.

11

Development of the IANS Chain Using a Satellite System

Czaplewski K.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2014

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Vol. 8 no. 4

485--493

EN

This paper presents ideas for creating and developing Interactive Navigational Structures (IANS) by using satellite systems. The author of the present paper introduced the concept of IANS into the literature in 2004 (Czaplewski, 2004). The paper presents the possibility of adapting the contemporary methods of robust estimation that are used in geodesy for the purpose of performing selected marine navigation tasks. IANS utilise modern M-estimation methods. Interactive structures can assist human beings in carrying out special tasks at sea, for example, in identifying objects at sea and on land without the need to approach them. Moreover, these structures can also be used in the process of navigation carried out by underwater vehicles or unmanned watercraft. This paper presents the mathematical methods that are essential for creating IANS. The theoretical assumptions are illustrated with an example of how IANS can be used while performing a typical navigation task. The paper closes with information about research studies which deal with the practical aspects of using this set of mathematical methods.

12

Systemy dynamicznego ustalania wartości zapasu wody pod stępką na płytkowodziu

Jurdziński M.

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Gdyni

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2013

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nr 82

15--22

PL

W pracy przedstawiono działanie systemu do określania dynamicznego zapasu wody pod stępką w trudnych rejonach nawigacyjnych. Opisano sposób określania zapasu wody pod stępką oraz metody oceny bezpiecznej prędkości statku dla określonego zapasu. Zamieszczono diagram do oceny osiadania statku.

EN

In this paper the elements of real time Under Keel Clearance System in shallow waters has been presented. The calculation of safety UKC and safe speed has been performed. Additionally an appendix has been attached for squat calculation.

13

Comprehensive Methods of the Minimum Safe Under Keel Clearance Valuation to the Restricted Tidal Waters

Szyca G.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2012

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Vol. 6, no. 1

63--68

EN

The main purpose of the paper is familiarization with the matter of most crucial aspects of the minimum under keel reserve for the sea-going ships navigating on the restricted tidal waters. For the purpose of this paper, river Humber was used as good example of high tidal range in conjunction with variety weather conditions encountering in this area affecting the tides. The Author made use of his research and job experi-ence as the pilot, closely co-operating with other authorities, e.g. Vessel Traffic Service ( VTS ) Humber, lo-cal Hydrographic Department as well as Maritime Coastguard Agency ( MCA ) and Maritime Accident In-vestigation Bureau ( MAIB ). The extensive statistics of groundings and near miss situations, in connection with in-depth analysis will be due to presented with conclusions and proposals of sorting out some problems. The new concept of Dynamic Under Keel Clearance DUKC® software with the trials assessments will be widely put forward in compare with currently utilizing tools and software by VTS and Ships’ Traffic Centre.

14

Data Transmission in Inland AIS System

Wolejsza P.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2010

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Vol. 4, no. 2

179--182

EN

The article presents the technical aspects of applying the marine Automatic Identification System (AIS) for the purposes of vessel traffic control in inland shipping. Functional properties and requirements for inland AIS have been discussed as well as protocol alterations in relation to marine AIS, with particular consideration of messages enhancing safety of navigation and the flow capacity of inland waterways.

15

An Influence of the Order to Maintain Minimum Distance Between Successive Vessels on the Vessel Traffic Intensity in the Narrow Fairways

Kasyk L.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2010

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Vol. 4, no. 4

379--382

EN

All vessel traffic regulations disturb the randomness of the vessel traffic stream. In this paper the disturbing factor is the order to maintain minimum distance between successive vessels. The intensity of the disturbed vessel traffic has been determined. To achieve this goal the convolution method has been used. Next the connection between traffic stream parameters and this disturbed intensity has been analysed.

16

Target Tracking in RIS

Kazimierski W., Stateczny A.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2009

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Vol. 3, no. 4

385--390

EN

The article treats of problems bound with the tracking of surface water targets in RIS systems. A concept of RIS has been briefly presented, indicating the need for locating in them the tracking and tracing of ships. The most popular sensors used for the purpose have been characterised, the most important relevant documents have been presented and the requirements set for tracking systems have been described.

17

Applying Graph Theory Terms to Description of VTS

Jackowski K.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2009

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Vol. 3, no. 1

55--58

EN

The paper presents an example of applying graph theory notation to description of a VTS; it also contains some remarks on applicability of such notation for marine traffic systems.

18

Safety of Vessels’ Traffic, Bound for Polish Ports

Hajduk J., Montewka J.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2008

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Vol. 2, no. 2

131--134

EN

Vessels’ traffic in the area of Southern Baltic has not been organized yet. Therefore a risk of potential grounding or collisions is imminent. Organization the traffic by means of passive methods like determination the ships’ routes or traffic separation schemes is one of the better measures to improve navigation safety. Although such activities should take into account interests of coastal countries. The whole area should be considered, and the needs arising from traffic at present and in the future should be met. Due to complexity of above problem, solutions that are fragmentary may lead to deterioration of existing situation and cause new threats for all Baltic countries.

19

Probabilistic Model of Underkeel Clearance in Decision Making Process of Port Captain

Gucma L., Schoeneich M.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2008

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Vol. 2, no. 2

167--171

EN

The paper presents practical implementation process of developed probabilistic model of ships underkeel clearance. The model was implemented in “on-line” version and could be used for decision making process of harbour captain in everyday practice. The paper presents the results of validation of the model and the practical guidelines of use in decision making process.

20

New Development of Ships Routeing in Chinese Navigable Waterways

Hui M., Zhaolin W., Zhengjiang Liu

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2008

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Vol. 2, no. 2

127--130

EN

After entering 21 century Chinese waterborne transportation keep high speed development, mmarine traffic order and marine traffic safety become more important issues. In order to enhance marine traffic safety and efficiency, ships routeing systems were implemented in important navigable waters in recent years. After implementation of these ships routeing systems, evaluations on the effects are carried and prove that these ships routeing systems have got obvious effects both on safety and economic efficiency.