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1

Precise quantity surveying and work planning in technology for regenerative shaping the watercourses

Szychta M., Rutkowski J.

Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering

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2015

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Vol. 60, nr 4

94--97

EN

In this paper possibilities of precise quantity surveying and work planning in mechanized technologies for regenerative shaping the water courses were presented. Survey needs of melioration objects for newest technologies were described. Method of creating spatial map of ditches based on RTK GPS survey, and rating of ditch destruction based on this map were presented. Use of spatial maps for planning and cost calculation of maintenance works were described.

PL

W pracy przedstawiono możliwości dokonywania precyzyjnego obmiaru i planowania operacji w technologii kształtowania otwartych cieków wodnych. Omówiono potrzeby obmiaru obiektów melioracyjnych dla nowoczesnych technologii. Przestawiono metodę tworzenia przestrzennych map rowów przy wykorzystaniu obmiaru RTK GPS oraz możliwości oceny ich stanu drożności na podstawie tych map. Omówiono wykorzystanie przestrzennych map na potrzeby planowania i kosztorysowania prac konserwacyjnych obiektów melioracyjnych.

2

Efektywność robót konserwacyjnych urządzeń melioracyjnych w programie „Rowy”

Przybyła C., Bykowski J., Marcinkowska R

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2012

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Tom 14

834--843

EN

The objective of the presented work was the analysis of the effectiveness of conservation works in water courses and in basic melioration canals, in the years 2006-2010 within the "Rowy" (ditches) program realized on the example of the Leszno district. Subject of analyses were: the size of the material and financial outlauys, the range of the performed works and also the social aspects resulting from the realization of the program. The main objective of the program was the professional activation of unemployed persons from rural areas with a high danger of unemployment in a situation of an increased range of the necessary conservation works. The amount of financial means designed for the maintenance of water courses and melioration canals in the realization period did not ensure an adequate material range and the required frequency of conservation work performance, according to the technical requirements referring to the maintenance of water courses and canals. In the years 2006-2010, on the area of Leszno district, every year, the annual conservation covered from 59,8 to 107,1 km of water courses and canals making from 32 to 57% of the total evidenced length. Statistically, in the studied period, the conservation works were performed on the average, on less than one half of the length requiring such repair (41,4%) of the used water courses and melioration canals. The average real costs of the works amounted for the "Rowy" program 198 thous. PLN, and in the tender mode - 157 thous. PLN making 88% and 71% of the mean cost calculation value, respectively. The conservation works carried out in the tender mode were, from the economic point of view, more effective than in the "Rowy" program, and the mean unitary cost of the conservation of one kilometer of water course, or canal was 4115 PLN and 5030 PLN, respectively, to the advantage of the tender procedure.. The highest share in the cost, on the intermediate level of 77%, was covered by the Provincial Labour Office which financed the costs of the basic renumeration and the premium for social insurance, as well as the travel costs of the workers to the working place. The Regional Division of the Great Poland Management of Melioration and Water Installations in Leszno covered the cost of the purchase of protection clothes for workers and the necessary equipment, as well as the technical supervision of the works. So, the share in the costs amounted on the average to 9% of the total costs, The offices of towns and communes which co-financed the program on the average level of 14%, they paid the costs of the work fund the costs of medical examinations and the social expenses (for industrial safety purposes). The number of employed persons within the program agreed with the selfgovernments included in the particular years from 26 to 37 persons (on the average 31 physical workers) and the realization time was from 3 to 6 months in the year (on the average 4,8 month). In the "Rowy" program, in the years 2006-2010, persons from the group of professional risk (those who were without any job for more than 12 months and in the majority, they originated from the rural areas). Taking into consideration the range of the performed conservation works, it must be stated that the works which were planned for 5 years, have been carried out in 4 years, but not in 100%. The reasons for this result included among others, the absence of the workers because of sick leave, which made from 11 to 17% of the nominal time of work. The calculated cost of the employment of one worker in the "Rowy" program amounted in the analysed period from 1170 PLN to 1481 PLN per month and the mean value was 1324 PLN. The mean annual employment of 31 unemployed workers exerted a positive effect on their socio-economical situation by giving them a source of support and contributed to the counter-action against social exclusion by shortening the period of unemployment.

3

Stan urządzeń melioracyjnych oraz potrzeby ich konserwacji warunkiem optymalizacji gospodarowania wodą w rolnictwie na przykładzie Wielkopolski

Bykowski J., Przybyła Cz., Rutkowski J.

Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering

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2011

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Vol. 56, nr 3

45-51

PL

Celem pracy była analiza aktualnego stanu urządzeń i systemów melioracyjnych oraz potrzeb ich konserwacji, jako podstawy do minimalizowania strat w plonach, powodowanych występowaniem okresowych nadmiarów wody, a także jej niedoborów. Praca została oparta o wyniki własnych wieloletnich badań i obserwacji terenowych związanych z gospodarowaniem wodą w rolnictwie oraz danych statystycznych z regionu Wielkopolski. Stopień zaspokojenia potrzeb w urządzenia melioracyjne jest w Wielkopolsce wysoki i wynosi ponad 80%. Jednak środki finansowe przeznaczane na ich utrzymanie pozwoliły w latach 2005-2010 na objęcie coroczną konserwacją zaledwie od 24 do 55% długości ewidencyjnej liniowych urządzeń melioracji podstawowych.

EN

The aim of this study was to analyze the current condition of facilities and drainage systems and their maintenance needs as a base for minimizing yield losses, caused by the periodic occurrence of excess of water and its deficiency. The work was based on the own long-term results of researches and field observations related to water management in agriculture and statistics from the region of Wielkopolska. The degree of providing for needs of drainage devices is strapping in the Wielkopolska region and is over 80%. However, the funds allocated for their maintenance in 2005-2010 allowed to cover the annual maintenance only from 24 to 55% line length of basic drainage facilities.

4

Stan urządzeń melioracyjnych i produkcyjność użytków zielonych w województwie podlaskim

Kiryluk A.

Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie

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2008

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T. 8, z. 2b

61-70

PL

W pracy oceniono stan urządzeń melioracji podstawowych i szczegółowych oraz plonowanie i produkcyjność użytków zielonych w woj. podlaskim. Zakres wykonywanych prac konserwacyjnych tych urządzeń jest mały i nie zapewnia prawidłowego funkcjonowania obiektów melioracyjnych. W warunkach ograniczonych nakładów finansowych w pierwszej kolejności wykonuje się remonty budowli melioracyjnych oraz prowadzi nawodnienia podsiąkowe użytków zielonych. W związku z powtarzającymi się co kilka lat suszami w tym regionie występuje ujemny bilans wodny na obszarach rolniczych. Ten niekorzystny bilans może być łagodzony przez pełniejsze wykorzystanie urządzeń melioracyjnych do nawodnień, przy czym nawodnienia podsiąkowe prowadzone są tylko na ok. 10% powierzchni zmeliorowanych. Korzystna koniunktura gospodarcza sprzyja zwiększaniu pogłowia bydła w województwie. Jest to jedną z przyczyn utrzymywania się na dobrym poziomie plonów z łąk i pastwisk. Dzieje się tak, mimo zmniejszonych nakładów finansowych i zmniejszonego zakresu wykonywanych prac konserwacyjnych i remontowych.

EN

The condition of basic and detailed reclamation facilities and grassland yielding and productivity in Podlaskie Province were estimated in this paper. Conservation of these facilities is poor and does not guarantee proper functioning of reclamation objects. At low financial inputs first to be executed are capillary irrigations of grasslands and rebuilding of reclamation constructions. Agricultural lands are subjected to negative water balance due to drought affecting this region every several years. This unfavourable water balance could be mitigated by the better use of irrigation facilities but capillary irrigation is carried out on c. 10% of reclaimed areas only. Beneficial economic condition favours increasing cattle stock in the province. This is one of the reasons of maintaining high yields in meadows and pastures despite decreased financial inputs and limited range of conservation and reconstruction works.