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Oczyszczanie ścieków w Berlinie

Michałkiewicz M., Kruszelnicka I., Ginter-Kramarczyk D.

Forum Eksploatatora

2017

Nr 6 (93)

30-33

W artykule przedstawiono charakterystykę układu kanalizacyjnego i sposób oczyszczania ścieków w Berlinie. W mieście funkcjonuje 6 oczyszczalni ścieków, z których oczyszczalnia w Ruhleben stosuje najnowocześniejsze technologie. Oczyszczalnia ta powstała w 1963 r., zajmuje powierzchnię ok. 25 ha, przy bezdeszczowej pogodzie oczyszcza 247,5 tys. m 3 ścieków dziennie. Proces technologiczny obejmuje etapy oczyszczania mechanicznego i biologicznego. Do unikalnych cech oczyszczalni należy zaliczyć okresową dezynfekcję oczyszczonych ścieków za pomocą promieni Uv oraz proces spalania osadów ściekowych w piecu fluidalnym w temperaturze 850°C. Cały proces oczyszczania jest w pełni zautomatyzowany.

The status and plan for municipal wastewater treatment in China

Yuwen Z., Xingpo L., Xiaoying Z.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Inżynieria Środowiska / Politechnika Opolska

2003

Vol. 291, z. 4

311-318

The article consists of three segments: (1) the status of municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in China; (2) the current situation and the future development of urban treatment processes; (3) municipal sewage treatment program during the tenth "five year plan". China has commenced treating sewage since 1970, initially using the stabilization ponds. From the completion of the first wastewater treatment plant (1984) to 2000, 427 WWTPs were finished in china, including 282 secondary treatment plants. Meanwhile, the ratio of wastewater treatment reached 34.2 percent, approximately 15 percent of secondary treatment in particular. However, less town build wastewater treatment infrastructures in China. Eighty percent of the municipal WWTPs in China treated sewage employing activated sludge process, while others used primary treatment, enhanced primary treatment, the stabilization ponds, land treatment methods, etc. Ordinary aeration methods were adopted before 1980's, while AB process, the oxidation ditch, various styles of SBR, were frequently used after 1980's. With the increasingly focus on water environmental quality, national sewage comprehensive emission standards (revised: GB8978-1996) established stringent requirement, so the newly constructed WWTPs have to take de-nitrogen & de-phosphorus into consideration. Hence, many improved processes were developed and put into practice. In the presented paper, the recent innovation and the future trend of treatment processes were also involved. |According to the outline of the tenth national "five-year plan", the ratio of sanitary sewage treatment must reach 45 percent until 2005, in particular go up to 60 percent for large cities with more than 500,000 persons. During the tenth "five year plan" (2000-2005), 5 key projects related to water protection will be carried on execration, with a total investment of 684 billion RMB.