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1 2007

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Numeryczny model zespołow urbanistycznych w Krakowie

Jędrychowski I.

Roczniki Geomatyki

2007

T. 5, z. 8

199-203

The paper presents experience of the Spatial Planning Office at the Cracow City Hall connected with acquisition of data for elaboration of spatial development plans in the city. In drawing up these plans various data are used and information about height of existing objects is of crucial importance. Over the course of the years more and more advanced tools for building digital models were used for visualization of urban complexes for planning purposes. These were in turn models based on: 1) land and buildings register . these models could be only treated as an approximation, because land and buildings registration does not provide information about their height; 2) stereoscopic elaboration of aerial photos - featured with high accuracy, but the obstacle was the need to have specialized photogrammetric equipment and software and trained personnel with inborn ability to view stereoscopic images and relatively high labour-intensity; 3) aerial laser scanning (defined as LIDAR or ALS). In 2004, first laser scanning was made for Grunwaldzkie Roundabout and Wawel Castle by means of a TopEye MkII scanner mounted on a helicopter (an area of over 2 sq km, average height of the flight 300 meters above the terrain at a speed of 45 km per hour). 3.7 million points were registered which gave an average density of 1.5 point per sq m. These data were well suited for building a digital model of urban complexes. In 2006, laser scanning was performed for the whole area of Cracow by means of FLI-MAP 400 system installed on a helicopter (the height of flight 350 meters). A cloud of points with average density of at least 12 points per sq m was obtained. Such a density enables visualization not only of urban complexes but of individual objects, including determination of their height. The results obtained confirm usefulness of aerial laser scanning as the technique of data acquisition for creation of digital models of urban complexes with high accuracy and in great detail.