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Valorization of Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Waste for Syngas Production Through Gasification

Aprianti Nabila, Faizal Muhammad, Said Muhammad, Nasir Subriyer

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 21, nr 7

17--26

EN

The rapid progress of the CPO industry in Indonesia is not in line with good waste management and utilization. Palm empty fruit bunch, as the first waste from the CPO production process in Indonesia, is mostly piled on the ground. Palm empty fruit bunch must be processed to reduce pollution and increase its use-value. This study aimed to convert oil palm empty fruit bunches solid waste through the gasification process using Indonesia’s natural zeolite into synthesis gas. Gasification takes place at 350–550°C by added 12.5% wt zeolite using a modified updraft gasifier. Good results were achieved at 550°C with a gas composition of 22.64% vol CH4, 29.22% vol CO, and 3.4% vol H2. The gasification efficiency is evaluated through carbon conversion efficiency (CCE) and cold gas efficiency (CGE). Both the highest CCE and CGE were found at 550°C by 95.74% and 81.65% respectively. The results showed that the gasification temperature has the greatest influence in driving higher carbon conversion to syngas and palm empty fruit bunches are very suitable for conversion into environmentally friendly syngas in the CPO industry.

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Characteristic of tar content and syngas composition during beech updraft gasification

Kluska J., Kazimierski P., Ochnio M., Kardaś D.

Eco-Energetics : technologies, environment, law and economy

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2019

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T. 2

63--78

EN

This work aims at study the effect of the operating conditions like equivalence ration and temperature on the updraft gasification of beech wood. The main aspects was to analyze the influence of temperature distribution in the reactor and equivalence ratio on the fuel consumption, syngas composition as well as tar formation characteristics during the gasification process. The light tar content and composition were analysed using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Experimental results have shown that the amount of air supplied does not affect the parameters of the gasification process linearly. For lower ER value there was high fuel consumption and high bed temperature in the gasifier, which results in high caloric value of syngas. The results showed that tar yield during updraft gasification depends on the temperature and equivalence ratio. With the increase value of ER and the decrease of temperature on the surface of the bed, the total amount of tar yield increased. The highest temperature on the surface of the bed leads to the smallest tar yield, which can be associated with thermal cracking. The results indicate that both light and heavy tar are changing nonlinearly with different operating conditions. In addition, with decreasing temperature and increasing ER values, the amount of phenol and oxidized aliphatic compounds in the tar samples increased while the BTEX amount decreased. The amount of PAHs, in relation to the temperature and ER, was kept low in all cases.

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Badania pilotowe procesu zgazowania biomasy w reaktorze ze złożem stałym

Chmielniak T., Ściążko M., Żuromski Z.

Karbo

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2005

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Nr 2

160-168

PL

Spośród procesów termochemicznej konwersji biomasy największe zainteresowanie wzbudzają technologie jej zgazowania jako efektywny sposób produkcji ciepła energii elektrycznej, a w perspektywie źródło gazu syntezowego dla produkcji substancji chemicznych oraz paliw w tym wodoru. Jednym z kierunków rozwoju technologii jest integracja reaktorów zgazowania małej mocy z silnikami i turbinami gazowymi w układach mikro kogeneracj i. W pracy zaprezentowano wyniki przeprowadzonych przez IChPW badań procesowych w skali pilotowej reaktora zgazowania biomasy w złożu stałym typu EKOD współpracującego z kotłem wodnym, gazowym o mocy 3,5 MWth. Badania przeprowadzono dla różnych paliw w zakresie niezbędnym dla zbilansowania układu. Przeprowadzone badania wykazały wysoka sprawność procesu zgazowania, która w zależności od zastosowanego paliwa mieściła się w zakresie 75-86 %. Generowanygaz charakteryzuje się również wysoka kalorycznościąi stosunkowo niską zawartością substancji smolistej. Szczególnie interesującymi potencjalnymi kierunkami zastosowania układu zgazowania EKOD są układy mikro-kogeneracji oraz współspalania pośredniego.

EN

Biomass gasification has attracted the highest interest amongst the ther-mochemica! conversion technologies as an effective way for heat and power generation and potential source of synthesis gas for chemicals and fuels production. Combined heat and power (CHP) production based on small scale gasification systems is one of the key directions of biomass gasification development. Pilot scale tests results of up-draft, fixed bed EKOD type biomass gasification reactor coupled with gas boiler of 3,5 M Wth capacity are presented and discussed. Depending on used feedstock, the tested reactor efficiency was in range 75-86 %. Produced gas is characterized by high calorific value and relatively low tar content. Most attractive, potential applications of the EKOD type gasifier includ small scale CHP systems and indirect co-firing processes.