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Ultrasonic treatment of baker’s yeast effluent using SnO2/TiO2 composite

Ildirar D., Findik S.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

2017

Vol. 19, nr 2

26--32

In this study, ultrasonic treatment of baker’s yeast effluent was investigated in an ultrasonic homogenizer emitting waves at 20 kHz. The SnO2 /TiO2 composites were used as a sonocatalyst to assist the sonication process. Decolorization and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal of baker’s yeast effluent with ultrasonic irradiation was examined. The effect of the composite preparation method, the molar ratio of SnO2 /TiO2 mixing time while the composite was prepared, the calcination temperature and time, the catalyst amount were investigated. The decolorization was higher at a 4:1 molar ratio of the SnO2 /TiO2 composite prepared by using an ultrasonic probe and 6 min ultrasonic irradiation time. The decolorization increased, with an increase in the calcination temperature. The optimum calcination time was 60 min and catalyst amount was 0.2 g/l. According to the results, decolorization rate was 26.63% using this composite. There was no COD removal at the studied conditions.

Synthesis and characterization of 1,3,5-trisubstituted pyrazoline derivatives by ultrasonic irradiation method and evaluation of its antibacterial activity

Raguraman A., Santhi N.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

2014

Vol. 20, iss. 2

219--233

A series of novel 1,3,5-trisubstituted pyrazoline derivatives (P1-P10) have been synthesized by the reaction of substituted chalcones (C1-C10) with 4-hydroxybenzhydrazide. The starting material, chalcones were prepared by claisen Schmidt condensation of 4-methylacetophenone with substituted aldehydes in the presence of sodium hydroxide in ethanol. 4-hydroxybenzhydrazide was synthesized by condensing methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate with hydrazine hydrate. The cycloaddition of chalcones with 4-hydroxybenzhydrazide gives 1, 3, 5-trisubstituted pyrazoline derivatives. The structures of synthesized derivatives were confirmed by IR, 1HNMR and 13C NMR spectrum. The synthesized compounds were screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activity.