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1

Sonically modified zeolites with MFI and USY type structure as catalysts for methane combustion. Preparation and physicochemical characterisation

Kuterasiński Łukasz, Dymek Klaudia, Jodłowski Przemysław Jakub

Science, Technology and Innovation

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2019

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Vol. 6, no. 3

11--18

EN

The objectives of our study were to prepare of ZSM-5 and USY-based catalysts by hydrothermal method, containing metallic active phase, deposited by both conventional ionic-exchange or ultrasonic irradiation. Prepared materials were characterized by various physicochemical methods, such as XRD, BET, SEM, UV-VIS and the sorption of ammonia monitored by FT- -IR spectroscopy. The XRD data confirmed pure MFI or USY type structure zeolite. BET and ammonia sorption results have shown that the presented method leads to preparation of highly porous and acidic systems. Metallic active phase was found as cations and oxides with hexagonal and octahedral coordination.

2

Impedance investigation of activated carbon material modified by ultrasound treatment

Ptashnyk W., Bordun I., Pohrebennyk V., Takosoglu J., Sadova M.

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2018

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R. 94, nr 5

186--189

EN

The influence of ultrasonic radiation in the cavitation regime on the properties of wood activated carbon has been studied. The optimum mode of ultrasound treatment that leads to increase of specific capacity of supercapacitors from 52 F/g to 151 F/g was determined. It was shown that ultrasound treatment does not cause significant changes in porous structure of activated carbon, but reduces the amount of surface groups. The impedance dependencies for the supercapacitors made both of the original and modified carbon have been analyzed. The equivalent electrical circuits modelling the impedance hodographs have been constructed. De Levie impedance model, modified by series connection of parallel RSCCSClinks, was used. It has been shown that ultrasonic radiation changes the properties of the surface and the Fermi level position shifts to the energy region with high states density of delocalised electrons.

PL

Badano wpływ promieniowania ultradźwiękowego w reżimie kawitacyjnym na właściwości węgla aktywnego drzewnego. Określono optymalny tryb leczenia ultrasonograficznego, który prowadzi do zwiększenia zdolności produkcyjnych superkondensatorów od 52 F / g do 151 F / g. Wykazano, że leczenie ultrasonograficzne nie powoduje istotnych zmian porowatej struktury węgla aktywnego, ale zmniejsza ilość grup powierzchniowych. Zależności impedancyjne dla superkondensatorów dokonano zarówno w oryginalnym, jak i modyfikowanym węglu. Zostały skonstruowane równoważne obwody elektryczne modelujące hodografy impedancji. Stosowano model impedancji De Levie, zmodyfikowany przez szeregowe połączenie równoległych łączników RSCCSC. Wykazano, że promieniowanie ultradźwiękowe zmienia właściwość powierzchni, a położenie poziomu Fermi przesuwa się do obszaru energetycznego z gęstą gęstością delokalizowanych elektronów.

3

Intensification of drying processes due to ultrasound enhancement

Kowalski S. J.

Chemical and Process Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 39, nr 3

251-–262

EN

The aim of this article is to present a modern method of convective drying intensification caused by the external action of ultrasound. The purpose of this study is to discover the mechanism of ultrasonic interaction between the solid skeleton and the moisture in pores. This knowledge may help to explain the enhancement of drying mechanism affected by ultrasound, particularly with respect to biological products like fruits and vegetables. The experimental kinetics tests were conducted in a hybrid dryer equipped with a new ultrasonic generator. The drying kinetics curves determined on the basis of drying model developed by the author were validated with those by the ones obtained from experimental tests. The intensification of heat and mass transfer processes due to ultrasound induced heating effect and vibration effect are analysed. The obtained results allow to state that ultrasound makes drying processes more effective and enhance the drying efficiency of biological products without significant elevation of their temperature.

4

Ultrasound-assisted osmotic dehydration and convective drying of apples: Process kinetics and quality issues

Mierzwa D., Kowalski S. J.

Chemical and Process Engineering

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2016

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Vol. 37, nr 3

383--391

EN

The aim of the present theme issue was to study the influence of ultrasound enhancement on the kinetcis of osmotic dehydration and the effect of convective drying from the point of view of drying time and quality of dried products. Apple fruit was used as the experimental material. The kinetics of osmotic dehydration with (UAOD) and without (OD) ultrasound enhancement were examined for 40% fructose and sorbitol solutions. The effective dehydration time of osmotic process was determined. Preliminary dehydrated samples with OD and UAOD were next dried convectively with (CVUS) and without (CV) ultrasound assistance. The influence of OD and UAOD on the kinetics of CV and CVUS drying was analysed. The parameters of water activity and colour change were measured for the assessment of product quality after drying process.

5

Experimental studies and finite element simulation of ultrasonic welding of Cu alloy

Mohan-Raj N., Kumaraswamidhas L. A., Arungalai-Vendan S.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2016

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Vol. 64, nr 3

535--546

EN

This research study aims to investigate the mechanical and metallographical aspects of ultrasonic welding of Cu-Cu wires. Experimental trials have been conducted and observations have been recorded as a database that collates parametric, quality and strength aspects of various weldments. Destructive testing and metallurgical characterizations have been carried out to examine the strength and integrity of the weldment. The key focus of this research attempt is laid on determining and evaluating the factors that governs the strength of the weldment. Metallurgical characterizations reveal vital information on the weld integrity and the extent of grain distribution. Further, FEM is employed to understand the deformation and thermal aspects involved in Cu-Cu welding using ultrasonics. The numerical model may provide an insight into the thermal phenomenon governing the joining process and subsequently estimation of the impact. Response surface methodology is employed to identify the parametric interdependencies and subsequently determine the optimized range.

6

Strain examinations of the left ventricle phantom by ultrasound and multislices computed tomography imaging

Trawiński Z., Wójcik J., Nowicki A., Olszewski R., Balcerzak A., Frankowska E., Zegadło A., Rydzyński P.

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

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2015

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Vol. 35, no. 4

255--263

EN

The main aim of this study was to verify the suitability of the hydrogel sonographic model of the left ventricle (LV) in the computed tomography (CT) environment and echocardiography and compare the radial strain calculations obtained by two different techniques: the speckle tracking ultrasonography and the multislices computed tomography (MSCT). The measurement setup consists of the LV model immersed in a cylindrical tank filled with water, hydraulic pump, the ultrasound scanner, hydraulic pump controller, pressure measurement system of water inside the LV model, and iMac workstation. The phantom was scanned using a 3.5 MHz Artida Toshiba ultrasound scanner unit at two angle positions: 0° and 25°. In this work a new method of assessment of RF speckles' tracking. LV phantom was also examined using the CT 750 HD 64-slice MSCT machine (GE Healthcare). The results showed that the radial strain (RS) was independent on the insonifying angle or the pump rate. The results showed a very good agreement, at the level of 0.9%, in the radial strain assessment between the ultrasound M-mode technique and multislice CT examination. The study indicates the usefulness of the ultrasonographic LV model in the CT technique. The presented ultrasonographic LV phantom may be used to analyze left ventricle wall strains in physiological as well as pathological conditions. CT, ultrasound M-mode techniques, and author's speckle tracking algorithm, can be used as reference methods in conducting comparative studies using ultrasound scanners of various manufacturers.

7

Ekstrakcja za pomocą rozpuszczalnika wspomagana ultradźwiękami, cz. II - zastosowania

Wasilewski T., Kupska M., Jędrkiewicz R., Gromadzka J., Namieśnik J.

Analityka : nauka i praktyka

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2015

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nr 1

4--10

PL

Technika UAE jest realną alternatywą dla konwecjonalnych technik ekstrakcji analitów z uwagi na znaczene przyspieszenia procesu ekstrakcji, zmniejszenie zużycia rozpuszczalników, możliwość wykonywania wielu ekstrakcji jednocześnie i relatywnie niskie koszty oprzyrządowania.

8

Using of activ thermography and Lock-in method with ultrasound exication for detection of material defects

Sapieta M., Dekys V., Pastorek P.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

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2014

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z. 84

119--124

EN

The main purpose of paper is presented an innovative approach in the field of infrared thermal imaging and its integration into the area of engineering applications. Test specimens with different shapes have been chosen from steel material and they have been excitated with ultrasound. For obtain the results was used Lock-in method. Last part of the paper is a description of the results and most appropriate settings of measurement technique for applications with chosen material.

PL

Głównym celem niniejszego artykułu jest prezentacja innowacyjnego podejścia w dziedzinie termografii podczerwieni oraz jej wprowadzenia do zastosowań w przemyśle maszynowym. Do badań wybrano próbki różnych kształtów, a jako materiał kontrolny tych próbek została wybrana stal. Próbki poddano działaniu ultradźwięków. Do oceny wyników została zastosowana metoda Lock-in. W ostatniej części artykułu znajduje się opis wyników oraz najkorzystniejszych ustawień aparatury pomiarowej dla wybranego materiału.

9

Sterownik sprzętowy do wielokanałowego ultradźwiękowego systemu wykrywania przeszkód

Gołda A., Kocanda P., Kos A.

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2013

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R. 89, nr 10

100-102

PL

Celem tego artykułu jest zaprezentowanie układu scalonego zaprojektowanego jako element systemu nawigacyjnego dla osób niewidomych w ramach projektu MOBIAN. Jako efekt pracy i konsultacji z niewidomymi powstał prototyp urządzenia nawigacyjnego informującego użytkownika o przeszkodach znajdujących się przed nim. Urządzenie będące pomocą dla niewidomych w poruszaniu się powinno być niewielkie i wygodne. Dlatego też zdecydowano się na zastąpienie elementów dyskretnych części układu wykrywającego przeszkody jednym dedykowanym układem scalonym. Układ ten jest sterownikiem obsługującym przetworniki ultradźwiękowe służące do wykrywania przeszkód. W artykule omówiono budowę sterownika i przedstawiono jego funkcjonalność.

EN

The aim of this paper is to present an integrated circuit designed as element of navigation system for blind people realized as part of MOBIAN project. As an effect of cooperation and consultations with the blind the prototype of navigation device, informing user about obstacles was made. Device that is supposed to be helpful for blind people in moving around ought to be comfortable and of a small size. That is why it was decided to replace discrete elements of obstacle detection circuit with one application scpecific integrated circuit. This IC is a driver for ultrasound transducers used for obstacle detection. In this paper structure and functionality of driver is described.

10

Bench life (work time) of moulding and core sands with chemical binders – a new, ultrasound investigation method

Zych J.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2013

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Vol. 13, iss. 4

117--122

EN

The obtained results of the investigations of influences of the selected technological factors on the bench life (work time) of moulding and core sands with chemical binders are presented in the hereby paper. The bench life assessment is performed by the new, author’s method with the application of the ultrasound technique. This method was patented by the author. The influence of such factors as: matrix (surroundings) temperature, matrix water content, ratio of binding components hardener/binder (h/b) and the reclamation – on the bench life of furan moulding sands was determined. The empirical dependencies (regressions) were determined, which allowed forecasting the bench life (BL) of moulding sands as functions: BL = f(W%), BL = f(T) for the fresh and after the reclamation sands, BL = f(h/b). These dependencies should be treated as examples of the new method application for investigating the bench life of moulding sands with chemical binders.

11

The heterogeneity of mechanical properties of concrete in formed constructions horizontally

Stawiski B.

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

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2012

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Vol. 12, no. 1

90--94

EN

In theory of concrete it is assumed that concrete composites are homogeneous on a macro scale. For example, it is assumed that a floor slab's or a beam's strength is identical in all directions and its nonhomogeneity is random. Hence neither calculations of the load-bearing capacity of structural components nor the techniques of investigating concrete in structure in situ take into account to a sufficient degree the fact that the assumption about concrete isotropy is overly optimistic. The present research shows that variation in concrete strength along the direction of concreting has not only a qualitative effect (as is commonly believed), but also a significant quantitative effect. This indicates that concrete is a composite which has not been fully understood yet. The paper presents evaluations of ordinary concrete (OC) homogeneity along component thickness along the direction of concreting. The ultrasonic method and modified exponential heads with a point contact with concrete were used in the investigations .

12

Zastosowanie reakcji Fentona w technologii osadów ściekowych

Kowalczyk M., Kamizela T., Parkitna K., Milczarek M.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Inżynieria Środowiska / Uniwersytet Zielonogórski

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2011

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Nr 141 (21)

98-112

PL

Przedstawiona publikacja stanowi przegląd literatury dotyczącej wykorzystania reakcji Fentona w technologii osadów ściekowych. Zastosowanie pogłębionego utleniania daje możliwości usuwania zanieczyszczeń jak również polepszenia charakterystyki technologicznej osadów. Reakcja Fentona może stanowić efektywny czynnik kondycjonujący zarówno osady komunalne jak i przemysłowe przed odwadnianiem. Zaobserwowano wyraźne zmiany w strukturze osadów, ich właściwościach technologicznych i reologicznych, które w istotny sposób podnoszą efektywność filtracji plackowej osadów. Ponadto kombinacja odczynnika Fentona z propagacją fali ultradźwiękowej może potęgować efekt degradacji zanieczyszczeń oraz koagulacji rozumianej jako dezintegracja i kondycjonowanie osadów ściekowych. Praca naukowa finansowana ze środków budżetowych na naukę w latach 2010-2012 jako projekt badawczy BG 401-407/1.

EN

The presented publication is a review of the literature on the use of the Fenton reaction in the technology of sewage sludge. Application of advanced oxidation provides opportunities for pollution reduction and improvement of the technological characteristics of the sediments. Fenton reaction may be an effective factor in conditioning both municipal sludge and industrial purposes against dehydration. It was observed a marked change in the sediment structure, their technological and rheological properties, which significantly improve the efficiency of sludge filtration cakes. In addition, the combination of Fenton reagent with the propagation of ultrasonic waves can enhance the degradation effect of pollution and coagulation understood as the disintegration and conditioning of sewage sludge. Scientific work financed from the budget for science in the years 2010-2012 as a research project BG 401-407/10.

13

Kinetics of hardening of ceramic layers applied in the investment patterns method

Zych J., Matysiak H., Michalski J.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2009

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Vol. 9, iss. 2

151-154

EN

The work presents results of investigations of a hardening rate of ceramic moulds applied in investment patterns method. During the studies, the original method based on the ultrasonic technique, and a novel testing routine were used. The course of hardening of single ceramic layers, and subsequently applied layers was determined. The investigations concerned ceramic mixtures with a binder based on water colloidal silica and Al2O3 matrix. The effect of ceramic layer thickness on its hardening at temperature; T = 23-24oC and, air relative humidity; RH = 45-55% was determined.

14

Control of cast iron and casts manufacturing by Inmold method

Pietrowski S.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2009

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Vol. 9, iss. 3

133-142

EN

In this paper the usability of cast iron spheroidizing process in mould control by ATD method as well as by ultrasonic method were presented. Structure of instrumentation needed for control form performance of cast iron spheroidizing by Inmold method was illustrated. Author, pointed out that amount of magnesium master alloy should obtain 0,8 - 1,0% of mass in form at all. Such quantity of preliminary alloy assure of obtain of nodular graphite in cast iron. In consequence of this, is reduce the cast iron liquidus temperature and decrease of recalescence temperature of graphite-eutectic crystallization in compare with initial cast iron. Control of casts can be carried out by ultrasonic method. In plain cast iron, ferritic-pearlitic microstructure is obtaining. Additives of 1,5% Cu ensure pearlitic structure.

15

Software environment for off-line emboli detection in blood based on the analysis of the ultrasonic Doppler flow velocity data

Sygowski R., Kałużyński K.

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

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2004

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Vol. 24, no. 3

35-49

EN

Embolism - blocking of small arteries by small gaseous or solid bodies - may result in local ischaemia and very serious consequences. The embolizing elements produce ultrasonic Doppler signals with characteristic features. The basic requirement when detecting emboli is to discriminate between the actual embolic signals and the artifacts. The classification algorithm proposed employs signal level data and particle velocity data. The off-line software environment (C++) enables to set the sensitivity and temporal resolution of the analysis. Each analysed event is described with a number of parameters, like onset and duration, velocity at peak power, sample volume length and ratio of the power to the mean power of the signal. Its performance was positively validated on Doppler signals containing embolic signals from either solid and gaseous emboli and artifacts. The off-line software environment proposed is a starting platform for further studies on the emboli detection.

16

Zastosowanie ultradźwięków do badania zmian gęstości w dachówkach ceramicznych

Piekarczyk J., Stolecki J., Stolecka M.

Warstwy, Dachy i Ściany

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2002

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nr 2

92-95

17

Analiza możliwości wykorzystania ultradźwięków do rozróżniania składników mieszaniny kamieni i bulw ziemniaka

Kukiełka L., Szczerbetka M.

Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering

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2002

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Vol. 47, nr 4

17-22

PL

W Politechnice Koszalińskiej od ponad 30 lat prowadzone są badania nad opracowaniem bezpiecznego dla obsługi i taniego oddzielacza kamieni, charakteryzującego się dużą sprawnością oddzielania [2-8, 13-15, 17]. Zasadniczym problemem w budowie takiego urządzenia jest konstrukcja odpowiedniego czujnika rozróżniającego kamienie od bulw ziemniaka. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań eksperymentalnych, których celem było ustalenie możliwości zastosowania w oddzielaczu czujnika, charakteryzującego się wysokim stopniem wybiórczości kamieni, niezależnie od ich wielkości, stanu powierzchni, masy właściwej itp. Badaniami objęto następujące ultradźwiękowe metody stosowane w badaniach nieniszczących: echa, przepuszczania (cienia), pomiaru czasu przejścia fal ultradźwiękowych. Wyniki badań nie dały spodziewanych rezultatów. Dlatego też trwają prace nad wkorzystaniem innych metod nieniszczących, a głównie metod akustycznych.

EN

The researches over the cheap and service safe separator of stones from the mixture of potato tubers-stones with a large efficiency of separation [2-8, 13-15, 17] fare led for over thirty years at the Technical University of Koszalin. The basic problem appearing during designing such a device is the construction of the sensor enabling to differentiate stones from potato tubers. In this paper the results of the experiment are shown. The main aim of this experiment was to research the use possibility of a sensor characterized by high stone selectiveness indifferent from its' size, surface state, mass density and other properties. Nondestructive supersonic methods were included in the investigation. Those are methods: the echo, transmission (sonic shadow), time measuring of supersonic wave transmission. The results obtained in the experiment are not satisfying. Therefore other nondestructive methods will be researched, mainly acoustic methods.