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Mechanical properties of titanium grade 1 after laser shock wave treatment

Hutsaylyuk Volodymyr, Wachowski Marcin, Kovalyuk Bogdan, Mocharskyi Vitalii, Sitkar Oksana, Śnieżek Lucjan, Zygmuntowicz Justyna

Advances in Materials Science

2023

Vol. 23, nr 4(78)

48--61

In the presented work the impact of a laser shock wave on the mechanical properties of a Titanium Grade 1 was investigated. Based on a series of experimental studies related to the impact of the laser shock wave on the tested material, the impact of the given treatment on the structure and mechanical properties was assessed. The influence of the environment on the distribution of plasma temperature and pressure in the material during the implementation of the laser shock wave was analyzed. The effect of the laser treatment on the structure and micromechanical properties was initially estimated on the basis of the analysis of experimental results in the form of static strength testof samples after laser treatment. A slight increase in material strength was detected with a minimal decrease in ductility. In order to comprehensively understand the observed phenomenon, a number of fractographic tests were performed, especially the analysis of the porosity of the fracture surfaces. A decrease in the porosity of the material after impact laser treatment was observed as a result of local plastic deformation.

Structure and electrochemical behaviour of weldments of titanium Grade 1 in a bromine-containing solution

Ilieva M.D., Ferdinandov N.V., Gospodinov D.D., Radev R.H.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

2021

Vol. 112, nr 1

5--12

Purpose: The presented research aims to determine the microstructural changes in weldments of commercially pure titanium Grade 1 after welding by hollow cathode arc discharge in vacuum and related changes in the corrosion behaviour of the weldments. Design/methodology/approach: Macro and microstructure of weldments were studied using optical microscopy. Corrosion behaviour of untreated Grade 1 and heat-affected zone of weldments of Grade 1 was investigated using electrochemical testing, including open circuit potential measurements and potentiodynamic polarisation. As an aggressive environment, 1 M KBr water solution was used. Findings: Welding by hollow cathode arc discharge in vacuum leads to the formation of a coarse Widmanstätten structure in the heat-affected zone. This imperfect structure results in a passive layer with worsened protective properties, thus increasing the corrosion rate of weldments by up to two orders of magnitude compared to Grade 1 in as-received condition. The passive layer on the welded surfaces did not allow Grade 1 to acquire a stable corrosion potential during potenitodynamic polarization. Research limitations/implications: Titanium and its alloys are passivating metallic materials, and their corrosion resistance depends on the properties of a thin protective surface layer. Changes in the underlying metal microstructure can affect the passivation behaviour of titanium and the properties of this layer. Welding by hollow cathode arc discharge in vacuum alters the microstructure of heat-affected zone, thereby causing Widmanstätten microstructure to form. As the passive layer over that microstructure has worsened protective properties, we suggest additional heat treatment after welding to be applied. Future experimental research on this topic is needed. Originality/value: Welding by hollow cathode arc discharge in vacuum is a welding method allowing weldments to be done in a clean environment and even in space. In the specialised literature, information on the structure and corrosion resistance of weldments of commercially pure titanium Grade 1 welded by hollow cathode arc discharge in vacuum is missing. The present research fills in a tiny part of this gap in our knowledge.

Identification of Residual Stress Phenomena Based on the Hole Drilling Method in Explosively Welded Steel-Titanium Composite

Karolczuk A., Kowalski M., Kluger K., Żok F.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

2014

Vol. 59, iss. 3

1119--1123

The hole drilling method was used to determine residual stresses in bimetallic composite manufactured by explosive welding process. The analyzed bimetal consist of titanium Grade 1 (6mm) and S355J2+N steel (40mm). The aim of the paper is to establish the influence of the heat treatment on residual stress state in titanium layer. Residual stress calculations were performed according to standards developed by strain gauge manufacturer (TML) and ASTM standards. The main conclusion is the heat treatment considerably changes the residual stress state in titanium layer from tensile stress state (no heat treatment) to compression stress state (after the heat treatment).

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań naprężeń resztkowych, wyznaczonych metodą nawiercania, w bimetalu stal-tytan otrzymanego w procesie zgrzewania wybuchowego. Analizowany bimetal to kompozyt stali S355J2+N (40mm) oraz tytanu Grade 1 (6mm). Celem badania było ustalenie wpływu obróbki cieplnej na kierunki i wartości naprężeń własnych w warstwie tytanu. Obliczenia naprężeń resztkowych przeprowadzono przy zastosowaniu: (i) procedury zalecanej przez producenta (TML) zastosowanych rozet tensometrycznych oraz (ii) zaleceń ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials). W wyniku badań ustalono, że zastosowana obróbka cieplna bimetalu zasadniczo zmienia stan naprężeń własnych w warstwie tytanu. Próbki bez obróbki cieplnej wykazują naprężenia resztkowe rozciągające a w próbkach po obróbce cieplnej panują naprężenia ściskające.