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Impact of outer diameter and energy efficiency class of tyre on fuel consumption of a passenger car at constant velocity

Gołębiewski W.

Journal of KONES

2015

Vol. 22, No. 2

71--78

This paper presents the simulation analysis determining the effect of wheel outer diameter and energy efficiency class of tire on fuel consumption of a passenger car. Calculations were made assuming the wheel movement on a dry, smooth road surface under set driving conditions. Tests objects were three tyre types of the following sizes: 155/80R13, 165/65R14 and 185/55R14 (provided by the manufacturer of a FIAT Panda vehicle). For testing, a simulation model was used allowing for tyre construction parameters (outer diameter and energy efficiency class). Different values of rolling resistance coefficient were adopted (in accordance with energy efficiency classes) and the values of basic resistance to motion (therefore the sums of rolling resistance and air resistance) were determined for vehicle speeds equal to 15 km/h, 32 km/h, 35 km/h and 50 km/h (being the components of UDC speed profile) and for 70 km/h, 100 km/h and 120 km/h (being the components of EUDC speed profile). Based on the parameters describing a vehicle, motion conditions and tyre sizes, the values of engine rotational speed and load torque were determined. For these parameters, the values of mileage fuel consumption were read. Based on the conducted analysis, it was concluded that fuel consumption for a set vehicle speed was little affected by wheel outer diameter but significantly affected by tyre energy efficiency class. The increase of wheel outer diameter (in accordance with manufacturer’s information) induced a small decrease in fuel consumption. The use of high-energy efficiency class (A), in relation to lowest efficiency class (G), allowed the fuel economy even to a dozen or so percent.