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PL
Przedstawiony projekt EHTIC został zanalizowany w świetle interpretowania obiektu architektonicznego jako swoistego środka przekazu informacji. Za kluczowe przyjęto konstruowanie genomu tożsamości, zbudowania swoistej typografii: zaprojektowania wyróżniających, charakterystycznych cech i nadania swoistego stylu zaprojektowanej przestrzeni. Jej postrzeganie jest symultaniczne, a tematyczny przekaz konstruowany z fragmentarycznie odczytywanych różnorakich wrażeń.
EN
The EHTIC project presented here has been analysed in the light of the interpretation of the architectural object as a kind of information medium. The construction of an identity genome, the creation of specific typography: to design distinctive, characteristic features and to give a specific style to the designed space, was considered crucial. The perception of space is a simultaneous and thematics message built from fragmentary readings of various impression.
PL
Po zagwarantowanym traktatem wersalskim plebiscycie mającym ustalić przebieg granicy polsko-niemieckiej na Górnym Śląsku, w 1921 roku wybuchło trzecie powstanie śląskie. 100 lat później Polska obchodziła uroczystą rocznicę tych wydarzeń. Wychodząc z założenia, że użyty w projekcie graficznym krój pisma nie tylko łączy w sobie dualizm elementu znaczącego i znaczonego, z których składają się słowa, lecz sam w sobie może być także nośnikiem autonomicznych znaczeń, w oparciu o pojęcia typografii kongenialnej, wernakularnej, transparentnej i znaczącej, podjęto próbę oceny identyfikacji wizualnej materiałów towarzyszących uroczystościom obchodów 100. rocznicy wybuchu trzeciego powstania śląskiego. Zaproponowano trzy alternatywne drogi tworzenia takiej identyfikacji (1. świadomie nawiązująca do przeszłości, 2. świadomie zrywająca z przeszłością, 3. Bazująca na współczesnych trendach graficznych, odwołująca się jednak do pewnych reminiscencji) i podkreślono, że zbiory muzealne i biblioteczne są nieocenionym źródłem do opracowania wyważonej i świadomej koncepcji projektu graficznego.Po zagwarantowanym traktatem wersalskim plebiscycie mającym ustalić przebieg granicy polsko-niemieckiej na Górnym Śląsku, w 1921 roku wybuchło trzecie powstanie śląskie. 100 lat później Polska obchodziła uroczystą rocznicę tych wydarzeń. Wychodząc z założenia, że użyty w projekcie graficznym krój pisma nie tylko łączy w sobie dualizm elementu znaczącego i znaczonego, z których składają się słowa, lecz sam w sobie może być także nośnikiem autonomicznych znaczeń, w oparciu o pojęcia typografii kongenialnej, wernakularnej, transparentnej i znaczącej, podjęto próbę oceny identyfikacji wizualnej materiałów towarzyszących uroczystościom obchodów 100. rocznicy wybuchu trzeciego powstania śląskiego. Zaproponowano trzy alternatywne drogi tworzenia takiej identyfikacji (1. świadomie nawiązująca do przeszłości, 2. świadomie zrywająca z przeszłością, 3. Bazująca na współczesnych trendach graficznych, odwołująca się jednak do pewnych reminiscencji) i podkreślono, że zbiory muzealne i biblioteczne są nieocenionym źródłem do opracowania wyważonej i świadomej koncepcji projektu graficznego.
EN
The Third Silesian Uprising broke out in 1921 after the plebiscite guaranteed by the Treaty of Versailles and regarding the Polish-German border in Upper Silesia. 100 years later, Poland celebrated the solemn anniversary of these events. Based on the concepts of congenial, vernacular, transparent and meaningful typography, an attempt was made to evaluate the visual identification of the materials accompanying the celebrations of the 100th anniversary of the outbreak of the Third Silesian Uprising, because – in the opinion of the article’s author – the typeface used in the graphic design (named Golonka) introduced too many redundant meanings, disturbing the message carried by the verbal and graphic elements. Three alternative ways of creating such identification have been proposed (1. consciously referring to the past; 2. consciously breaking with the past; 3. based on contemporary graphic trends, but referring to some reminiscences). It was also emphasized that museum and library collections are an invaluable source for developing a balanced and conscious concept for a graphic design.
EN
The article discusses problems of designing an ideal book, responding tocurrent market needs. It shows the design goals and difficulties in their fulfillment.Based on analysis of the works of Przemek Dębowski, an outstanding contempo-rary graphic designer, and his interview, attempts were made to obtain the rightmethod of graphical implementation. Important elements of work on the book anddesign decisions have been specified, showing them in the light of the enforcedrules, in particular the concept of congenial typography. It was emphasized that a well-designed book is an integrated whole of visual elements, each being equallyimportant. Dębowski’s views on design mechanisms, that deserve special attention,are summarized. At the same time, an idea is emphasized that the close cooperationof all the book's authors in order to obtain a reader-friendly edition is a value of its own.
4
Content available Ośrodek Pism Drukarskich w Warszawie (1968-1979)
EN
The author presented the history and the most important project achievements of the Printing Typefaces Center (OPD), which for over a decade was a part of the Research & Development Centre for the Graphic Arts (COBRPP), celebrating its anniversary this year. The facility was managed by Roman Tomaszewski, a well-known publisher and graphic arts specialists. Dozens of typefaces were designed in OPD for page layout techniques that have forever been forgotten. Despite technological changes in printing, the OPD typographic resource is today a reservoir of lettering ready for digitization and making computer fonts.
5
Content available "Pro Typo" - zapomniane czasopismo zawodowe
EN
The article presents a concise history of Polish quarterly “Pro Typo“, patronised by ATypI (Association Typographique Internationale). The magazine was published in Warsaw in the years 1991-1992 and was devoted to print aesthetic as well as design of publications and types (both traditional and digital), and also broadly understood visual communication aspects. The former editor presents achievements of this magazine and story of its decline. The Annex contains letters of one of most eminent European graphic designers – Roman Cieślewicz.
EN
This paper describes the model which allows an estimation of the readability factor of texts written in natural language or programs coded in syntax of programming languages. Only font styles are considered in this model. The destination of the model is improving readability. It can get though change font style. Several samples of text written in natural language have been used to estimation of the readability factor. Then these factors for given texts have been increased or reduced though intentional change font style. Studies have shown that deliberately changing the font style has a visible effect on improving readability or significantly lowering it.
EN
Typography is still of interest to many diverse disciplines of science and art, bibliology being among them. The specificity of the bibliological approach relies primarily on the study of typography in the con-text of functional concept of Krzysztof Migoń, whose main objective is the perception and description of the book (the book world) as a continuous process of interpersonal and social communication. Interesting is not only the book itself, but also the process of editing in the field of intellectual, as well as technical domain, people and institutions involved in giving it the desired shape, and the reader himself, his needs and expectations. All these issues take on new meaning in the circumstances of transition of typography in the digital space. Topics of modern typography have been presented in the context of opinions of Polish classics of bibliology such as Jan Muszkowski, Kazimierz Piekarski, Karol Głombiowski, Józef Szczepaniec, Janusz Sowiński, Krzysztof Migoń, Małgorzata Komza, showing their over-temporary nature.
EN
The concept of typography over the centuries changed its meaning. Special transformation of the meaning of the term occurred in the late nineteenth/twentieth century, when typography ceased to be the exclusive domain of printers and the art of beautiful type. The transformation of the modern world, new ways of communication, as well as changes of social and technological character meant that its functional and productive nature started to be clearly accentuated. Today, when typography entered the digital space, gaining a wide range of new means of expression, its value as a tool of visual communication, of the mediator between the author and the reader is obviously emphasized. Its aesthetic function, so important in the past, becomes of less significance. The paper summarizes various definitions of typography, both those of foreign, as well as of Polish authors, showing the evolution of the concept. Particular attention was paid to the development of the concept of typography in Poland in the difficult period of the communist regime, the chaos of the 90s, and today.
9
Content available Standard Unicode w typografii
EN
The Unicode standard is designed as a framework for the worldwide interchange and processing of documents written in various languages and from various technical disciplines. The Unicode standard, however, does not define glyph images and neglects typography. Nevertheless, it has been adapted as the de facto standard in topography. The advantages of such a universal standard are obvious, but its objectives result in serious drawbacks in typographical applications. Therefore our conclusion is that it will be advisable to explore alternative solutions.
EN
According to the author, the knowledge about the rules of typography is not enough to become a specialist in the field of typography. It is important to know the problems associated with the text perception processes (readability and legibility). A determinant of designer’s action shall be the functionality of created message, and design decisions (including those related to the ultimate editorial form) must serve the transparency of communication. The author also points out differences among typography authorities on the rules and principles used, discusses some of them and justifies why they are not an automatic success guarantee in the communication process. A conclusion is that only an analysis of the text content, its structure, purpose and context, and also the reader (a recipient of the message) shall indicate which rules could apply. Thus Bierkowski notes to consider all aspects of the proposed message.
EN
For several years an increased for typography and broadly understood printed matter design is visible in Poland. An evidence of this is e.g. Large number of courses and trainings on the subject, led by universities and trade organizations. There are also increasing numbers of publications on the subject, falling into three major categories: for the newcomers in graphic design, for the graphic professionals and the theoretical treatises on specific, higly specialist subjects. The author, based on her important university teaching achievements, has prepared a review of available publications based on their suitability for different stages of designer's education. Also the publications that fail their intent and thus would lead to loss the learning time, are mentioned. Some proposals for the possible translations of European publications, that may supplement the sources in terms of teaching methodology, are mentioned.
PL
Ludzie zajmujący się nauką nie są już tylko autorami. Stali się członkami jednoosobowych zespołów zajmujących się również stroną techniczną redagowanych przez siebie prac. W artykule tym wspomniano, jak bardzo zmienił się świat ludzi składających wzory. Podano podstawowe zasady składu wzorów matematycznych oraz przedstawiono typowe błędy.
EN
No longer scientists are only authors. They have unconsciously become also members of one-man-teams who have to care how their work looks like. In this paper, basic rules of typesetting concerning mathematical formulas are described. There are presented some typical mistakes which are done while typesetting maths.
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