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Forms of insurance of goods transported via water in the inter-uprising period in the Kingdom of Poland

Rutkowski Marek

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

2020

z. 107

153--163

In May of 1844, more than twenty years after taking the first steps in the field of regulating watercourse transportation issues, the new law introducing strict water transportation measures in the Kingdom of Poland was accepted by the Russian Tsar. These new proposals, though seen as practically harsh and difficult, for instance, possibly limiting the opportunity of obtaining compensation payments might have given some new strong impulses for the development of Polish water transportations issues as a whole.

Education of members of transport services of tsarist Russia in the 1830s. Admission and examination of students of the Saint Petersburg Institute of Corps of Engineers of roads of communication

Rutkowski M.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

2019

z. 102

165--183

This paper focuses on the phenomenon of the strongly complicated process of education of cadets and officers of tsarist transportation services corps during the 1830s of the 19th century. While primarily commencing this short study with introduction and changes in the didactic process occurring in Saint Petersburg Institute of Corps of Engineers of Roads of Communication at the early stages of its development, the main scope of the research was to describe: a) changes and restriction in the accessibility to the very process of education given in this Institute, b) the alteration in the formal entry and most of all scientific requirements. c) the outcome and circumstances of final examinations, all happening during the third decade of 19th century.