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1

Phytoplankton Dynamics and Its Relation to Physicochemical Parameters in the Dry Season of Maninjau Lake, West Sumatra, Indonesia

Komala Puti Sri, Silvia Shinta, Windi Sherina

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 9

218--231

EN

Physicochemical parameters play a significant role in determining phytoplankton structure and dynamics in the lake. The present study investigated the phytoplankton dynamics and their correlation with physicochemical parameters in the dry season of Maninjau Lake. The parameters measured, including temperature, transparency, pH, DO, TN, and TP concentrations, were collected from seven lake locations, i.e., in the middle of the lake, near domestic, hydropower, endemic fisheries, and aquaculture cage areas, and inlet-outlet rivers. Phytoplankton samples were collected from the middle of the lake, near domestic and aquaculture cage areas. TSI analysis shows that Maninjau Lake was hypereutrophic, with an average TSI of 101.15. The phytoplankton community comprises six classes and 22 species dominated by Microcystis aeroginosa and Synedra acus. Bacillariophyceae had the highest phytoplankton concentration, while Cyanophyceae had the highest density. The diversity and equity index of the phytoplankton community structure were low and less evenly distributed, confirming that the lake was hypereutrophic. The highest diversity index was found in the middle of the lake or the most profound part, while the lowest was near the domestic area. Among the physicochemical parameters, transparency has a strong correlation with dominant phytoplankton.

2

Trophic State of Small Retention Reservoirs In Podlasie Voivodeship

Szczykowska J., Siemieniuk A., Wiater J.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2017

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Vol. 18, nr 5

160--167

EN

The study was carried out using water samples from two small retention reservoirs located in the communes: Czarna Białostocka and Turośń Kościelna in Podlaskie Voivodeship. The main tasks of both reservoirs are to improve the water balance by means of regulating the levels and water outflow. Three characteristic measurement and control points were selected on both reservoirs in accordance to the water flow in the longitudinal section. The first and third points were located near the inflow and outflow of water, while the second in the middle of the reservoirs. Samples of water for the study were collected from the surface layer of the shore zone of the reservoirs once a month from March 2015 to February 2017 (water from two hydrological years was analyzed). Water samples were subject to determination of total phosphorus, total nitrogen, and chlorophyll “a” concentrations, as well as turbidity. Contamination of the water reservoirs with biogenic compounds is a common problem and at the same time difficult to eliminate due to the scattered nature of external sources of pollution, especially in the case of agricultural catchments, as well as the inflow of untreated sewage from areas directly adjacent to the reservoirs. Based on achieved results, high values of TSI (TN), TSI (TP), TSI (Chl), and overall TSI, clearly indicate the progressive degradation of water quality in analyzed reservoirs. Appearing water blooms due to the mass development of phytoplankton adversely affect the quality of water in the reservoirs and biochemical processes occurring both in water and bottom sediments, are conditioned by progressive eutrophication.

3

Trophic State Indexes and Phytoplankton in the Trophic Status Assessment of Waters of a Small Retention Reservoir at an Early Stage of Operation

Suchora M., Szczurowska A., Niedźwiecki M.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2017

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Vol. 18, nr 5

209--215

EN

This paper will focus on determining the trophic status of the two basins of the Niwa Reservoir – Niwa I and Niwa II (Sawin commune, Lubelskie Province, SE Poland) at the sixth year of operation, by using partial TSI indexes – TSI(SD), TSI(TP), TSI(chl-a), as well as qualitative and quantitative structures of phytoplankton. As a supplementary, index TSI(TOC) was employed. We show that the phytoplankton abundance, as well as TSI(chl-a) and TSI(TP) were relatively low and typical for mesotrophic waters (with the exception of July TSI(TP) values for the Niwa II basin), although the evaluation of trophy based on other partial TSI indexes – TSI(SD), TSI(TOC) pointed to a eutrophic or even a hypertrophic water characteristic. The obtained results were discussed in detail and referenced to other, non-nutrient related trophy factors: morphometric features and geology of the basins, as well as the physicochemical properties of its water.

4

Ocena ryzyka związanego z eutrofizacją wód Zbiornika Goczałkowickiego

Czaplicka A., Iwanejko R., Szostak A.

Technologia Wody

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2015

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Nr 6 (44)

56--60

PL

Zbiornik Goczalkowicki jest jednym ze źródeł wody wykorzystywanych przez Górnośląskie Przedsiębiorstwo Wodociągów (GPW) do zaopatrzenia w wodę mieszkańców Górnego Slaska. W wodach zbiornika okresowo występuje eutrofizacja. Substancje biogenne (azot, fosfor) pochodzą z pól uprawnych zlokalizowanych w zlewni, ścieków przemysłowych i bytowych. Zakwity i obumieranie fitoplanktonu, w tym sinic, mogą potencjalnie powodować uwalnianie sinic; toksyn (hepatoloksyny, neurotoksyny, cytotoksyny i dermatotoksyny), na które duża wrażliwość wykazuja organizmy żywe. Wody, w których obserwuje się masowy rozwój fitoplanktonu sa trudne do uzdatnienia. W celu określenia stanu trofii wód bierze sio pod uwagę, oprócz wskaźników biologicznych, zawartość w wodzie fosforu ogólnego, fosforanów, azotu całkowitego oraz indeksy trofiezności Carlsona. Z piśmiennictwa wynika, że od początku lat sześćdziesiątych do lat siedemdziesiątych Zbiornik Goczałkowicki byl zbiornikiem oligotroficznym, następnie wystąpił okres mezotrofii. od lat osiemdziesiątych okres eutrofii, a czasami nawet hipertrofii. Istnieją przesłanki, że w ostatnich latach trofia wód zbiornika ulega zmianie na skutek zbudowania oczyszczalni ścieków w zlewni. W artykule na podstawie danych uzyskanych z GWP dokonano oceny ryzyka występowania określonego stopnia eutrofizacji wód Zbiornika Goczałkowickiego.

EN

The Goczalkowice Reservoir is one of the water sources used by the Upper Silesian Water Supply Company (Górnośląskie Przedsiębiorstwo Wodociągów) to provide water to the inhabitants of Upper Silesia. The process of eutrophication occurs periodically in the waters of the reservoir. Biogenic substances (nitrogen, phosphorus) come from farmlands located in the catchment area, trade effluent and domestic waste water. Blooming and necrosis of phytoplankton. including cyanobacteria, may release toxins (hepatoxin. neurotoxin, cytotoxin and dermatoxin) to which living organisms are very sensitive. The waters in which a massive development of phytoplankton is observed are difficult to treat. In order to determine the trophic state of waters, one needs to lake into consideration, apart from biological indicators, the phosphorus, phosphate and nitrogen content in water, as well as Carlson trophic slate index. The literature! on I he subject indicates that from the beginning of the 1960s to1970s the Goczałkowice Reservoir was an oligotrophic resevoir, after which there came the mezotrophic period, and then in the 198os the eutrophic and even occasionally hypertophic periods. There are some indications that in recent years the trophic stale of waters in the reservoir has been changing due to the construction of a sewage treatment plant in lhe catchment area. The paper is devoted to the evaluation of the the risk of a certain level of eutrophication of water occurring in the Goczałkowice Reservoir, based on the data aquired from the Upper Silesian Water Supply Company.

5

Diversity of the TSI Indicators of the Middle-Forest Small Retention Reservoir

Szczykowska J., Siemieniuk A., Wiater J.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2015

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Vol. 16, nr 5

54--61

EN

Studies upon the trophic status were carried out using water samples from a small retention reservoir Topiło located in a particularly valuable natural forests of Puszcza Białowieska. In order to assess the degree of Topiło reservoir contamination, three measurement and control points were selected for testing, which were situated near the inflow (point No. 1) and outflow (point No. 3) of river Perebel, as well as in the middle part of the reservoir (point No. 2). The selection and placement of measurement and control points on the reservoir was dictated by the ability to capture changes in the study object. Tests of water samples collected from the surface layer of the coastal zone, were carried out once a month during the period from April 2007 to March 2014. The following determinations in collected water samples were performed: total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chlorophyll “a”, and turbidity. The trophic level of Topiło reservoir was also assessed according to the concentration criteria and based on the trophic status indices (TSI) calculated after Carlson’s as well as Kratzer and Brezonik’s. Given the annual average value of overall trophic level (Trophic Sta-tus Index), the dominant role of the TSI (TP) during all years of research attracts some attention. The TSI index values ranged within 78.3–80.26, which allowed to classify the water of Topiło reservoir as hypertrophic. The research indicates an advanced and constantly progressive degradation of water quality in Topiło reservoir. Values of TSI (Chl) were in the range of 49.2–77.35 and therefore water status in winter can be defined as eutrophic indicating the hypertrophy in remaining periods under study. Additional investments planned for advance reclamation treatments should be necessarily taken into consideration at the stage of planning and design of new small water retention reservoirs. Topiło reservoir requires modernization and reclamation, it is also necessary to clean it up, especially the bottom pond, out of the stocked wood residues, as well as to remove the excess of sludge.

6

Rotifer trophic state indices as ecosystem indicators in brackish coastal waters

Gutkowska A., Paturej E., Kowalska E.

Oceanologia

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2013

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No. 55 (4)

997--899

EN

Thanks to their short life cycles, rotifers react rapidly to changes in environmental conditions and so may be useful for biological monitoring. The objective of this paper was to investigate the applicability of rotifer trophic state indices as indicators of the trophic state of brackish waters, as exemplified by the Vistula Lagoon. Carried out in summer from 2007 to 2011, this study showed no significant correlation between the Lagoon's trophic state and the rotifer structure. This confirms the limited applicability of rotifer trophic state indices for evaluating water quality in brackish water bodies.

7

Porównanie stanu troficznego zbiorników Dojlidy i Zarzeczany

Siemieniuk A., Szczykowska J., Wawrentowicz D.

Instal

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2013

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nr 4

42-44

PL

Badania miały na celu porównanie stanu troficznego dwóch zbiorników małej retencji charakteryzujących się różnym zagospodarowaniem zlewni i zróżnicowaną powierzchnią zbiornika (34 ha – Dojlidy i 8,75 ha - Zarzeczany). Na podstawie wykonanych oznaczeń parametrów fizyko-chemicznych w wodach omawianych zbiorników obliczono poszczególne wskaźniki cząstkowe i wartość średnią wskaźnika trofii (OPT – ogólny poziom trofii) w poszczególnych porach roku. Wskaźniki ogólnego poziomu trofii badanych zbiorników retencyjnych przyjmowały wartości 42,0 – 64,37 w Zarzeczanach oraz 47,78 – 68,31 w Dojlidach. Na podstawie danych literaturowych oba zbiorniki można zaklasyfikować do eutroficznych. Największy wpływ na stan trofii miało stężenie fosforu ogólnego, a wraz z nim obliczone wartości TSI(TP). Największym zagrożeniem eutrofizacyjnym dla zbiorników jest wynoszenie fosforu deponowanego w osadach dennych zbiorników do toni wodnej.

EN

Studies aimed comparison of the trophic state of two small retention reservoirs characterized by various catchment management and different water-table surface (3,4 acres – Zarzeczany and 8,75 acres – Dojlidy podlaskie viovodship). On the basis of the carried out physico-chemical researches it had calculated partial and the average trophic state index (OPT – general trophic level) during the various seasons of the year. During the period of researches values of general trophic levels were 42,0 – 64,37 in Zarzeczany and 47,78 – 68,31 in Dojlidy. On the basis of literature database both reservoirs can be classified to eutrophic. The greatest impact on trophic state was the total phosphorus concentration and with it calculated values of TSI(TP). The biggest eutrophication treat for retention reservoirs is leaching of phosphorus from floating bottom sediments to the water.

8

Ocena stanu troficznego wód Zbiornika Sulejowskiego na podstawie indeksu Carlsona

Jodłowski A, Gutkowska E

Inżynieria i Ochrona Środowiska

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2012

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T. 15, nr 4

341--351

PL

Na podstawie pomiarów stężenia fosforu ogólnego, chlorofilu a i widzialności krążka Secchiego wykonanych w latach 1999-2009 oceniono zmiany wskaźnika Carlsona TSI (trophic state index) w strefach dopływu i odpływu ze Zbiornika Sulejowskiego. Analiza uzyskanych wyników wykazała, że w świetle wartości wskaźników TSI stan troficzny wody w anali-zowanym okresie ulegał niewielkiej poprawie, a retencjonowanie wody wpływało na poprawę jej jakości. W strefie dopływu wartości TSI(TP) wyznaczone w oparciu o stężenia fosforu ogólnego wahały się w granicach od ok. 87 w 2001 r. do ok. 68 w 2007 r., a w strefie odpływu wartości tego indeksu zmieniały się od 80 w 2001 r. do ok. 67 w 2007 r. Podobne obniżanie wartości odnotowano również w odniesieniu do dwóch pozostałych indeksów TSI(CHL) i TSI(SD) określanych w oparciu o stężenie chlorofilu a i widzialności krążka Secchiego. Pomimo to Zbiornik Sulejowski pozostawał akwenem zeutrofizowanym.

EN

The goal of the article was to assess changes of the Carlson trophic state index in the Sulejow Reservoir. Inflow and outflow regions water quality during vegetative months of the period of 1999-2009 were taken into consideration. Carlson index uses algal biomass as the basis for trophic state classification. Three variables, chlorophyll pigments, Secchi disc depth and total phosphorus, allow to estimate algal biomass. Results of the study showed that trophic state indicated slight improvement of water quality. Water quality was also improved as a result of its retention in the reservoir. TSI(TP) based on the total phosphorus concentration measurements in the inflow region showed a decreaseing from 87 in 2001 to about 68 in 2007 and in the outflow region form 80 in 2001 to about 67 in 2007. Similar decreaseing was also observed for TSI(CHL) and TSI(SD) indices. Descripte this, Sulejow Reservoir was generally an eutrophicated water body.

9

Total organic carbon as a new index for monitoring trophic states in lakes [commun.]

Dunalska J.A.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2011

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Vol. 40, No.2

112-115

EN

Total organic carbon (TOC) can be one of the parameters used to determine trophic state in lakes, as shown by the statistically significant correlation between TOC and chlorophyll, total phosphorus and Secchi disk transparency. Calculation of the TSI index based on TOC according to the formula TSI(TOC) = 20.59 + 15.71 ln(TOC) and its introduction as an additional index to the classification by Carlson may optimize the comparative analysis of lakes and allow a measurable assessment of lakes with respect to the trophic gradient.