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Skamieniałości kambryjskie z Gór Świętokrzyskich w zbiorach Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego

Kowalski Włodzimierz R.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2024

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Vol. 72, nr 4

149--155

EN

A search was conducted for a collection of fossils found in the Pepper Mountains, in 1891, by G. Gürich (Geologisches Institut, Breslau). It was found that such a collection did exist and was probably destroyed at the end of World War II. Among other finds at the resources of the University of Wrocław was a collection of Cambrian trilobites from the Holy Cross Mts. (central Poland) with original metrics, sent in 1932 by J. Czarnocki. Parts of other pre-war collections of Cambrian trilobites from the Barrandian area and Lusatia were also found.

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Cryptic encrusting fauna inside invertebrate fossils from the Ordovician of Estonia

Vinn O., Ernst A., Toom U., Isakar M.

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2018

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Vol. 88, No. 3

285--290

EN

This is the first report of encrusted cryptic surfaces in the Ordovician of Estonia. Only bryozoans and cornulitids occurred in nautiloids and trilobites. Bryozoans were the dominant encrusters, in terms of both the number of specimens and the encrustation area. Stalked echinoderms are common on the hardgrounds in the Middle and Upper Ordovician of Baltica, but the restricted space in nautiloid living chambers and trilobites probably prevented colonization by stalked echinoderms. Cryptic surfaces in nautiloids and trilobites usually are somewhat more encrusted than the open surfaces of hardgrounds in the Ordovician of Estonia. Encrusters presumably favoured cryptic surfaces, as these were less accessible for predators and grazers. Low encrustation densities, compared to North American hard substrates, seem to be characteristic for the Ordovician Baltic Basin.

3

Review of the Ordovician stratigraphy and fauna of the Anarak Region in Central Iran

Popov L. E., Hairapetian V., Evans D. H., Ghobadi Pour M., Holmer L. E., Baars C.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2015

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Vol. 65, no. 4

403--435

EN

The Ordovician sedimentary succession of the Pol-e Khavand area, situated on the northern margin of the Yazd block, has important differences from those in other parts of Central Iran. It has been established that the presumably terminal Cambrian to Lower Ordovician volcano-sedimentary Polekhavand Formation, exposed in the Pol-e Khavand area, has non-conformable contact with greenschists of the Doshakh Metamorphic Complex. The succeeding, mainly siliciclastic Chahgonbad Formation contains low to moderately diverse faunal assemblages, including brachiopods, cephalopods, trilobites and tentaculitids. The Darriwilian age of the lower part of the formation is well established by the co-occurrence of brachiopod genera Camerella, Phragmorthis, Tritoechia and Yangtzeella. The associated rich cephalopod fauna is different from the Darriwilian cephalopod associations of the Alborz terrane and may show some affinity with warm water faunas of North China and South Korea. It is likely that the Mid Ordovician fauna recovered from the lower part of the Chahgonbad Formation settled in the area sometime during a warming episode in the late Darriwilian. By contrast the low diversity mid Katian brachiopod association includes only three taxa, which occur together with the trilobite Vietnamia cf. teichmulleri and abundant, but poorly preserved tentaculitids questionably assigned to the genus Costatulites. This faunal association bears clear signatures linking it to the contemporaneous cold water faunas of the Arabian, Mediterranean and North African segments of Gondwana. Four brachiopod species recovered from the Chahgonbad Formation, including Hibernodonta lakhensis, Hindella prima, Lomatorthis? multilamellosa and Yangtzeella chupananica are new to science.

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Early Carboniferous trilobite remains from limestones of the Dębnik Anticline, southern Poland

Bąk M., Dulemba P., Bąk K.

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

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2014

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Vol. 40, no. 1

27--32

EN

The presence of proetid trilobites' remnants is reported for the first time from the Lower Carboniferous limestones of the Dębnik Anticline outcropping in the Raclawka Valley, situated in the eastern part of the Upper Silesian Block (southern part of the Cracow Upland). Disintegrated exoskeletons of trilobites are observed in thin sections of fine-grained, peloidal wackstones and packstones. These rocks contain also foraminifers which indicate an early Tournaisian age for this locality.

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Ewolucja zespołów trylobitowych z drugiego i trzeciego oddziału kambru Gór Świętokrzyskich i ich znaczenie biogeograficzne

Żylińska A.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2013

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Vol. 61, nr 1

30–-39

EN

Deposits of the Cambrian Series 2 and 3 of the Holy Cross Mountains, comprising sandstones, and silty and clayey mudstones, are located on the Małopolska Block which is part of the Trans-European Suture Zone. Most recent geophysical data point to the proximal nature of this structural element with regard to the Baltica palaeocontinent. The trilobite assemblages are dominated by Ellipsocephalidae, generally accompanied by Holmiidae in the lower part, and by Paradoxididae in the upper part of the studied interval. They display a significant evolutionary trend, correlatable with the development of contemporary assemblages in Avalonia and Gondwana rather than those of Baltica. Discrepancies between the basement affinity and the dominant trilobites may be explained by the influence of strong larva-carrying currents from Avalonia and Gondwana.

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Trilobites, their traces and associated sedimentary structures as indicators of the Cambrian palaeoenvironment of the Ociesęki Range (Holy Cross Mountains, Poland)

Stachacz M.

Geological Quarterly

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2013

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Vol. 57, No. 4

745–-756

EN

Enrolled specimens of trilobite species Strenuella polonica, partly preserved within their escape structures and burrows from the Cambrian Series 2 Ociesęki Sandstone Formation, are described. The specimens are interpreted as buried during storm episodes. Their occurrence in a few horizons, the presence of non-bioturbated tempestites with combined wave-current ripples and groovemarks interbedded with bioturbated beds suggest a depositional environment between normal and storm wave base. The trace fossils Monomorphichnus and some Rusophycus have been interpreted as structures formed during the storm when animal tried to take refuge. Well-preserved syndepositional Rusophycus and its different taphonomic variants are discussed. The part of the Ociesęki Sandstone Formation studied is interpreted as deposited on a lower shoreface with storm influence.

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Wstępne dane o tropach stawonogów z furongu (górnego kambru) Wiśniówki Wielkiej (Góry Świętokrzyskie) i ich tafonomii

Sadlok G.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2011

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Vol. 59, nr 1

82-90

EN

Previous works on arthropod trace fossils from the Furongian (Upper Cambrian) section exposed at theWioeniówkaWielka quarry (Holy Cross Mountains, Poland) focused on trilobite-made structures referred to as Rusophycus polonicus and Cruziana semiplicata. Arthropod trackways did not receive much attention. The present paper contains preliminary data on new records of arthropod trackways from the Furongian of the Wioeniówka Wielka section and on their taphonomy. The material studied comprises undetermined arthropod tracks and specimens belonging to three ichnogenera: ?Asaphoidichnus, Diplichnites and Petalichnus.

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Zjawisko "zachowania w ukryciu" skamieniałości — przegląd i przykłady z górnego dewonu Polski

Rakociński M.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2009

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Vol. 57, nr 7

584-584

EN

"Sheltered preservation" of various organisms within shells of cephalopods is a well-known phenomenon and numerous examples have been frequently reported by paleontologists from several regions but so far not from Poland. In the present paper, spectacular examples of such occurrences of different organisms preserved mainly within empty cephalopod shells are reviewed. Moreover, specimens of trilobites representing the genus Cyrtosymbole, found within the phragmocone of a clymeniid ammonoid Kalloclymenia, and disarticulated fragments of trilobites preserved in body chamber of an orthoconic nautiloid are illustrated and shortly described from the Upper Famennian of Kowala (Holy Cross Mountains, Poland).

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Queues of blind phacopid trilobites Trimerocephalus: A case of frozen behaviour of Early Famennian age from the Holy Cross Mountains, Central Poland

Radwański A., Kin A., Radwańska U.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2009

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Vol. 59, no. 4

459-481

EN

An assemblage of blind phacopid trilobites of the genus Trimerocephalus McCoy, 1849, representing either the species Trimerocephalus mastophthalmus (Reinhard Richter, 1856) or its allies (possibly, a new species), from an Early Famennian (Early Marginifera Zone) marly sequence of the Holy Cross Mountains, Central Poland, is composed of well organized single-file queues. The trilobites in the queues appear almost intact, having been preserved in the position they kept when forming the queues, and are interpreted showing migratory behaviour known in various present-day arthropods, but unreported from the fossil state. This queuing was induced by environmental stress caused by a dramatic drop in sea level, temporarily leading to emersion. The preservation of the queues at omission horizons is thus ascribed to a mass mortality event, caused by subaerial exposure. The trilobites were suffocated and fossilized in a mortal spasm, and finally blanketed by calcareous ooze when inundated at a highstand. The assemblage of trilobite queues represents a unique example of frozen behaviour and a snapshot of the geological past.

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The Middle Cambrian paradoxidid trilobite Hydrocephalus from Jamtland, central Sweden

Rushton A.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2007

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Vol. 57, no. 4

391-401

EN

A new paradoxidid species, Hydrocephalus vikensis, is described from the lower Middle Cambrian praecurrens Zone in Jamtland, central Sweden. It is contrasted with typical Hydrocephalus species and shows features that recall Paradoxides. The genus Hydrocephalus BARRANDE is discussed; the validity of the related genus Rejkocephalus KORDULE is considered to be doubtful. The associated fauna is listed and an agnostoid that differs slightly from Condylopyge regia (SJOGREN) is illustrated.

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Age, sedimentary environment and palaeogeographical position of the Late Silurian oolitic beds in the Holy Cross Mountains (Central Poland)

Kozłowski W.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2003

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Vol. 53, nr 4

341-357

EN

A thin sandy-oolitic formation [Jadowniki Formation (JF)] is described from the Upper Silurian of the Łysogóry Unit, Holy Cross Mountains (Central Poland). Its numerous trilobites (e.g. Homalonotusknighti, Acastella spinosa) and position in the lithological column testify for the late Ludfordian age of this formation. The sedimentary environment of the Jadowniki Formation is interpreted as extremely shallow-barrier environments with episodes of emersion and subaerial early diagenesis and erosion. However, these shallows were not connected with the nearshore belt of Baltica land and were separated from them by a belt of deep basin sedimentation - the graptholitic shales. Silurian shallow marine sediments of the Łysogóry Unit were deposited on top of a clastic wedge, which in the Ludlovian infilled the offshore - deep basin of the SW margin of the East European Craton. The wedge was probably connected with the process of dockage of new terranes onto the south-west periphery of the East European Craton. The second factor that led to the development of shallow marine environments was probably the uppermost Ludfordian regressive event.

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Stratigraphic and biogeographic significance of Late Cambrian trilobites from Łysogóry (Holy Cross Mountains, central Poland)

Żylińska A.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2002

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Vol. 52, nr 2

217-238

EN

Revision of the Late Cambrian trilobites from Łysogóry in the Holy Cross Mountains, central Poland, enabled the application of a modified version of the Upper Cambrian biostratigraphic zonation established for the Baltica palaeocontinent. The following zones and subzones were recognised: Olenus scanicus and Parabolina brevispina subzones, Leptoplastus - Protopeltura praecursor Zone, Peltura minor Zone (Ctenopyge affinis subzones), Peltura scarabaeoides Zone (Ctenopyge linnarssoni and? Parabolina lobata subzones) and the Acerocare Zone sensu lato. Biogeographically the trilobites of Łysogóry show a distinct change, from a low diversity fauna with a predominance of Avalonian forms in the early Late Cambrian, to more diversified assemblages, characterised by the constant increase to dominance of Baltic elements by the end of the Cambrian.

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Late Cambrian trilobites from the Holy Cross Mountains, central Poland

Żylińska A.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2001

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Vol. 51, nr 4

333-383

EN

Thirty-seven trilobite taxa from the Upper Cambrian of the Holy Cross Mountains are described; eighteen are noted for the first time in Poland. Eleven of the previously recognised species are considered to be junior synonyms. Restorations of the exoskeleton for Aphelaspis rara (ORŁOWSKI), Leptoplastides irae (ORŁOWSKI), Peltura protopeltorum ORŁOWSKI and Trilobagnostus rudis (Salter) are provided. Large morphological variation in cephala of Parabolina (Neoparabolina) frequens (BARRANDE), observed in the literature and exemplified by the analysed material indicates that the hitherto recognised subspecies, P.(N.) frequens argentina (KAYSER) and P. (N.) frequens finmarchia (NIKOLAISEN & HENNINGSMOEN), represent one taxon. Parabolina (Neoparabolina?) lapponica WESTERGARD is most probably related to Parabolina (Neoparabolina) frequens (BARRANDE). Beltella LAKE is considered a junior synonym of Leptoplastides RAW, and the genus belongs to the Pelturinae rather than the Oleninae

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A new occurrence of benthic fauna in the Niewachlów Greywackes (Upper Silurian) from Zalesie near Łagów in the Holy Cross Mountains

Kozłowski W., Tomczykowa E.

Kwartalnik Geologiczny

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1999

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Vol. 43, Nr 1

EN

In the Bardo Syncline in Zalesie near Łagów, there occur numerous assemblages of benthic fauna which correspond to a fauna from Gruchawka and Jurkowice. The predominant trilobite group occurs with graptolites of the Bohemograptus bohemicus Zone. The Niewachlów Greywackes, and other deposits corresponding to them in the Holy Cross Mountains containing Baliozoma erraticum (Schrank), are included by the authors to the Lower Siedlce unit (Upper Ludlow).

PL

W synklinie bardziańskiej, w Zalesiu pod Łagowem, w szarogłazach niewachlowskich znaleziono liczny zespół fauny bentonicznej, odpowiadający faunie znanej z Gruchawki (E. Tomczykowa,1993; J. Malec, 1993) i Jurkowie (A. Romanek, M. Rup, 1989), a prawdopodobnie też z Widełek i Niestachowa. Z oznaczonych tu trylobitów największe znaczenie stratygraficzne i korelacyjne mają: Baliozoma erraticum (Schrank), Dalmanires nexilis (Saper), Richterarges kielcensis Tomczykowa, Helokybe sp., Harpidella sp., Sphaeroxochus sp. Wskazują one na wiek warstw odpowiadający środkowej części ludlowu (E. Tomczykowa, 1993). Bezpośrednio poniżej serii z fauną bentoniczną, która ma prawdopodobnie charakter turbidytowy, znaleziono graptolity: Bohemograptus bohemicus (Barrande), B. bohemicus tenuis (Bouăek) i Pristiograptus sp. Z serii tej, oprócz wymienionych powyżej, wcześniej podawane były (E. Tomczykowa, 1959): Monograptus tomczyki Willefert (wcześniej określony jako Monoclimacis ultimus Perner) oraz Linograptus posthumur Richter. Graptolity te potwierdzają pozycję stratygraficzną poziomu z Baliozoma erraticum (Schtank), wskazując na poziom Bohemograptus bohemicus. Szarogłazy niewachlowskie oraz większa część warstw kieleckich (sensu J. Malec, 1993), która zawiera przewodnie trylobity poziomu z Baliozoma, 104 i 224 m poniżej zlepieńca miedzianogórskiego (według J. Malca, 1993), należy zdaniem autorów do poziomu B. bohemicus, czyli do dolnych siedlec. Problem wieku stropowej części profilu Gruchawki pozostaje otwarty, przynajmniej do czasu paleontologicznego udokumentowania występujących tam graptolitów.