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Can we distinguish between tree-ring eccentricity developed as a result of landsliding and prevailing winds? consequences for dendrochronological dating

Wistuba M., Malik I., Krąpiec M.

Geochronometria

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2018

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Vol. 45, no. 1

223--234

EN

The aim of our study was to compare patterns of tree-ring eccentricity developed in Norway spruce trees as a result of landsliding with the one caused by the prevailing wind (in 2 study sites), and with the normal growth of trees (in 2 reference sites). We sampled 20 trees per study site and 10 per reference site. Two cores were taken from each tree (120 cores in total) from the upslope and downslope, windward and leeward sides of stems. Ring widths measured on opposite sides of stems were compared using the method of percent eccentricity index. Graphs of the index obtained for individual trees were analysed. Statistical indicators were calculated for a percent eccentricity index. Disturbance events were dated and the response index was calculated. The results show that the patterns of eccentricity developed as a result of the prevailing winds and due to landsliding differ from one another and from the reference sites. The results suggest that the impact of the prevailing wind on tree growth is more severe than the impact of landsliding. The difference may result from the slow-moving character of the landslide under study. The results, however, indicate that wind impact should be taken into account in dendrogeomorphic research and that the impact of mass movements should be considered in dendroecological studies on wind.

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The 443-Year Tree-Ring Chronology for the Scots Pine from Upper Silesia (Poland) as a Dating Tool and Climate Proxy

Opała M.

Geochronometria

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2015

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Vol. 42, no.1

41--52

EN

An annually resolved and absolutely dated ring-width chronology spanning 443 years has been constructed using the historical and living-tree Scots pine samples from the Upper Silesia, south of Poland. The constructed regional chronology, based on six object chronologies, covers the period of 1568–2010. It is composed of 178 wood samples with the mean correlation of 0.51, mean series length of 104 years and mean EPS of 0.85. In total, 65 extreme years were distinguished. Their independent verification, based on the historical and meteorological data, showed significant correlation with the exceptionally cold/mild winters as well as severe droughts. The comparison of the extreme years with the other Polish pine chronologies showed similarities in the years with the anomalous winter conditions. Some extreme years can be associated with the exceptional pluvial conditions; these years are common in the Central European hydroclimatic tree-ring records. The construction of this regional pine chronology enables for the absolute dating of many architectural monuments from investigated region. The application of the new chronology for the dating of local wood can support interpretations of changes in the environment of the Upper Silesian region. In the future it can also be used as the basis for climate reconstruction.

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Późnoholoceński standard dendrochronologiczny dla jodły Abies alba Mill. z obszaru południowej Polski

Szychowska-Krąpiec E.

Geologia / Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie

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2000

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T. 26, z. 2

173-299

PL

Celem pracy było skonstruowanie wielowiekowego standardu dendrochronologicznego dla drewna jodły pospolitej (Abies alba Mill.) z obszaru południowej Polski. Zestawiona, wielowiekowa chronologia regionalna obejmuje okres 1106-1998 AD i jest pierwszą w Polsce chronologią umożliwiającą datowanie drewna tego gatunku z dokładnością roczną. W jej skład weszło 410 prób jodłowych, reprezentujących drewno pochodzące z: obiektów architektonicznych, wykopalisk archeologicznych, drewnianych obudów Kopalni Soli w Wieliczce i drzew rosnących. Standard ten posiada wielokrotną replikację i charakteryzuje się silnym sygnałem dendrochronologicznym o dużym zasięgu geograficznym, dzięki czemu możliwe jest datowanie bezwzględne drewna jodłowego z obszaru całej południowej Polski. W trakcie prowadzonych badań wydatowano m.in.: zabytkowe kościoły w Haczowie i Paczółtowicach, cerkiew w Ropkach, ołtarz w kościele w Barcicach, strop budynku Muzeum Collegium Maius w Krakowie, około 40 drewnianych obudów wyrobisk górniczych I poziomu Kopalni Soli w Wieliczce.

EN

The research was aimed at construction of long dendrochronological standard for the fir (Abies alba Mill.) from the area of southern Poland. The produced regional chronology, spanning the period 1106-1998 AD, is the first Polish fir chronology enabling dating of wood of this species with one year's accuracy. It was based on 410 fir samples representing timbers from architectural objects, archaeological excavations, timberings from the Wieliczka Salt Mine, as well as living trees. The standard is multiply replicated and characterized by strong dendrochronological signal of large geographical extent. This enables absolute dating of fir timbers from the whole area of southern Poland. The investigations resulted in dating of numerous objects: old churches in Haczów and Paczółtowice, the orthodox church in Ropki, the altar of the church in Barcice, the ceiling of the Collegium Maius building in Kraków, as well as around 40 timberings from the first level in the Wieliczka Salt Mine.

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Problems of absolute tree-ring dating of the oldest boatbuilding relics from Poland

Krąpiec M., Ossowski W.

Geochronometria

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2000

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Vol. 19

27-32

EN

The present paper discusses differences between the results of radiocarbon and dendrochronological dating of boatbuilding relics from the area of Poland. In the case of logboats, limitations in precise determination of the time of their use, due to the technique of their manufacture, the state of their preservation and the preferences of certain tree species at the construction of logboat, are indicated. The example of a wreckage of an early medieval plank boat discovered at Ląd demonstrates that, because of extensive processing of the organic material used for its construction, accurate and precise determination of the chronology could be possible only on the basis of selected samples. The chronology of this object was corrected to the years after 1125 AD. The teleconnection with regional chronologies reveals that the wood used for construction of the boat from Ląd came from vicinity of Wrocław.