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Pokładowy system diagnostyczny środków transportu

Tylicki H. F.

Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe

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2016

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R. 17, nr 12

1405--1408

PL

W artykule omówiony został problem budowy pokładowych systemów diagnostycznych dla środków transportu. Przedstawiono procedury systemu oraz ich działanie w eksploatacji środków transportu.

EN

The article focuses on issues regarding the construction of on-board diagnostic systems for transportation vehicles. The author depicts system procedures and how they function during the exploitation of transportation vehicles.

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Emission Reduction of Greenhouse Gases: Emission Quotas or Mandated Control Technologies

Golomb D.

Problemy Ekorozwoju

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2008

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Vol. 3, nr 1

23-25

EN

It is argued that instead of imposing on each country internationally agreed quotas on Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission reductions, it would be easier to implement, enforce and verify, if each country mandates the installation of Best Available Control Technology (BACT) for each significant industrial category. It is BACT that has to be agreed on by an international convention, such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). A possible BACT for coal-fueled power plants is the Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) cum Carbon Capture and Sequestration. For transportation vehicles, there is no "add-on" technology that can capture CO2 emissions. Here CO2 emissions must be limited by increased fuel mileage. There should be an internationally agreed maximum vehicle weight for passenger cars, which the author suggests to be 1000 kg. Because BACT can be implemented only on new sources, there must be an anti-grandfathering rule, e.g. all existing coal-fired power plants must be retired after their 35th year operating time; all personal vehicles must be scrapped after their 10th year on the road.

PL

Autor postuluje, że zamiast wprowadzanych limitów na emisję gazów cieplarnianych w celu redukcji ich emisji byłoby łatwiej wprowadzić przymus obligatoryjnego stosowania w oparciu o międzynarodowe konwencje najlepszych osiągalnych technologii kontroli emisji (Best Available Control Technology BACT) dla każdego z ważnych sektorów gospodarki. Dla elektrowni opalanych węglem taką technologią jest zintegrowany system gazyfikacji węgla łączący wiązanie węgla z sekwestracją. W przypadku transportu brak jest technologii która pozwoliłaby na zatrzymanie CO2. W tym przypadku redukcja emisji CO2,, powinna być prowadzona poprzez zmniejszenie zużycia paliwa na przejechanie danego odcinka drogi. Aby to osiągnąć autor postuluje wprowadzenie międzynarodowego porozumienia ograniczającego dopuszczalną masę samochodu osobowego do 1000 kg. Najlepsze technologie kontroli emisji (BACT) mogą być wprowadzone tylko dla nowych produktów. Dlatego też niezbędne jest "anty dziadkowa" zasada mówiąca, ze wszystkie konwencjonalne elektrownie opalane węglem powinny zostać wyłączone po 35 latach pracy a samochody po 10 latach.

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Pojazdy transportowe z układem automatycznego cofania i załadunku kontenerów w terminalach logistycznych

Dudziński P., Madejski W., Roos H. J.

Systems : journal of transdisciplinary systems science

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2003

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Vol. 8, No. 1

86-97

EN

The article presents current trends in the field of intelligent working process control systems for industrial vehicles. This is a background for showing individual work in a domain of automated positioning of multi element vehicles during a back drive process. The results are the effect of research, which has been done in the Division of Off-Highway Vehicle Engineering in the Department of Mechanical Engineering Wroclaw University of Technology together with Technical University of Stuttgart. The paper introduces a subject of working machines automation at the beginning. It shows also, machine/vehicle division into a few main subgroups of systems that can be improved by full or partial automation. Authors present a „world" of autonomous vehicles by showing a potential possibility of using them and give a list of publications that makes it possible to analyze and go deep inside a problem of autonomous machine next. Further parts show the results of research on autonomous vehicle made at Wroclaw University of Technology and Technical University of Stuttgart. There were specified reasons for the necessity of automated loading and automated back drive system creating and tests that allow us to rate usefulness of the system in industrial applications. After a short introduction the authors describe an idea of 1st generation control system created at Technical University of Stuttgart. The idea assumes connecting on optical system and trajectory calculating and keeping system as one control system, which enables automated positioning of rnultielements vehicle in relation to container. The high resolution, non-linear optical system was a reason to build a special CCD camera, which is connected to a very high efficiency digital picture processing system. The system makes it possible to recognize and vehicle position calculating. The control system is able to position lorry and trailer relation to reference system, basing on temporary CCD camera and angle encoders data. This information is used to calculate temporary vehicle trajectory. The trajectory is a most optimum way the vehicle should follow to drive to under container without a collision. The above control system was built and experimentally verified at Stuttgart University of Technology. The experiment's results were very good but it shows that the control system doesn't perform all usefulness tests and it cannot be applicable in industrial solutions. As high scale industrial application of a system is impossible (in spite of positive results of experimental tests) the Division of Off-Highway Vehicle Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Wroclaw University of Technology have started work on the 2nd generation of control system, which could be applicable in industrial solutions. The new system was proposed which considerably improved steerability. Additionally, quite new subsystem active, blocking elements were added. It can be used to interference in vehicle trajectory. Parallel to the work, which has to improve steerability the research is being done to improve the digital picture processing algorithm. They have to adapt the optical system to work in a real condition that prevails on a logistic terminal.

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Towarowość produkcji a wielkość przewozów i wyposażenie w środki transportowe

Kokoszka S., Sęk S., Kuboń M.

Inżynieria Rolnicza

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2003

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R. 7, nr 10

121--129

PL

W pracy określono wielkość przewożonej masy oraz wyposażenie w środki transportowe w 50 gospodarstwach rejonu Małopolski w kontekście ich towarowości. Ocenie poddano przewozy i wyposażenie średnio oraz w przyjętych grupach gospodarstw. W wyniku analizy stwierdzono, iż na hektar użytków rolnych średnio przewozi się w badanych obiektach 25,64 ton ładunków przy średnim wyposażeniu w środki transportowe 0,48 szt/ha i ładowności 1,21 t/ha. Dodatkowo ustalono strukturę rodzajową posiadanych środków transportowych.

EN

The paper specifies the amount of transported volume and equipment with transportation vehicles in 50 farms of the Małopolska region in the view of their production type. The evaluation included transportation and equipment on the average and in selected farm groups. As result of the analysis it was discovered that per one hectare or arable land in the tested facilities 25.64 tons of load is transported at the average equipment with transportation vehicles at 0.48 pieces/ha and the admissible load 1.21 t/ha. Additionally the type structure of held transportation means was specified.