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D(3He,p)4He and D(d,p)3H fusion in a small plasma focus operated in a deuterium helium-3 gas mixture

Springham S., Sim T., Rawat T., Lee P., Patran A., Shutler P., Tan T., Lee S.

Nukleonika

2006

Vol. 51, nr 1

47-53

Abstract A 3 kJ plasma focus was operated with a 3He-D2 gas mixture, with partial pressures in the ratio of 2:1, corresponding to an atomic number ratio of 1:1 for 3He and D atoms. The fusion reactions D(3He,p)4He and D(d,p)3H were measured simultaneously using CR-39 polymer nuclear track detectors placed inside a pinhole camera positioned on the forward plasma focus axis. A sandwich arrangement of two 1000 mi m thick CR-39 detectors enabled the simultaneous registration of two groups of protons with approximate energies of 16 MeV and 3 MeV arising from the D(3He,p)4He and D(d,p)3H reactions, respectively. Radial track density distributions were obtained from each CR-39 detector and per-shot average distributions were calculated for the two groups of protons. It is found that the D(3He,p)4He and D(d,p)3H proton yields are of similar magnitude. Comparing the experimental distributions with results from a Monte Carlo simulation, it was deduced that the D(3He,p)4He fusion is concentrated close to the plasma focus pinch column, while the D(d,p)3H fusion occurs relatively far from the pinch. The relative absence of D(d,p)3H fusion in the pinch is one significant reason for concluding that the D(3He,p)4He fusion occurring in the plasma focus pinch is not thermonuclear in origin. It is argued that the bulk of the D(3He,p)4He fusion is due to energetic 3He2+ ions incident on a deuterium target. Possible explanations for differing spatial distributions of D(3He,p)4He and D(d,p)3H fusion in the plasma focus are discussed.

Investigation of corpuscular emission from the Prague Capillary Pinch

Skladnik-Sadowska E., Baranowski J., Sadowski M., Koláček K., Řipa M., Ctibor P., Kishinets A., Rupasov A.

Nukleonika

2002

Vol. 47, nr 1

31-37

The paper presents results of preliminary measurements of the corpuscular radiation from fast z-pinch discharges, which were performed at the Prague Capillary Pinch facility within a frame of the Czech-Polish scientific collaboration programme. Time-integrated measurements were performed by means of a pinhole camera, equipped with nuclear track detectors of the CR-39 type. In order to perform time-resolved measurements the use was made of a single Faraday-type collector and a double-cup system. It was demonstrated that the fast capillary discharges can emit not only pulses of intense visible radiation and soft X-rays, but also pulses of the corpuscular radiation. An optical analysis of the particle tracks was performed. The particle flux at a distance of 20 cm from the collimator outlet was estimated to be 3.5×107 particles/cm2.

Comparison of characteristics of pulsed ion beams emitted from different small PF devices

Sadowski M., Skladnik-Sadowska E., Baranowski J., Zebrowski J., Kelly H., Lepone A., Marquez A., Milanese M., Moroso R., Pouzo J.

Nukleonika

2000

Vol. 45, nr 3

179-184

The paper concerns studies of pulsed ion beams emitted from different small-energy (5–50 kJ) devices of the plasma focus (PF) type. Emission characteristics of the ion beams as measured with nuclear track detectors (NTDs), Faraday-type collectors (FC), and Thomson-type analyzers, are summarized. Common features of the ion emission are considered and some differences are discussed.