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1
Content available The influence of the ignition control on the performance of an aircraft radial piston engine
Czarnigowski Jacek, Jakliński Piotr
Combustion Engines
|
2019
|
R. 58, nr 2
60--65
EN
Aircraft piston engines are built with compromise on performance and safety. The desire to achieve the highest power-to-weight ratio leads to the search for solutions that optimize the combustion process. On the other hand, the need for maximum reliability leads to the simplification of the design at the costs of performance. An example of such a compromise is the ignition system of the ASz-62IR engine. In this engine there is a double magneto ignition system with a fixed ignition advance angle. As part of the modernisation of this engine, an electronically controlled dual ignition system was developed, which allows for optimum control of the ignition advance angle in terms of power. This article discusses the results of bench tests of the ASZ-62IR-16X engine with fixed ignition timing and variable timing control. Functional parameters and toxicity of exhaust gases were analyzed.
2
Content available An experimental study of emission and combustion characteristics of marine diesel engine with fuel injector malfunctions
Kowalski J.
Polish Maritime Research
|
2016
|
nr 1
77--84
EN
The presented paper shows the results of the laboratory study on the relation between chosen malfunctions of a fuel injector and composition of exhaust gas from the marine engine. The object of research is a marine 3-cylinder, four-stroke, direct injection diesel engine with an intercooler system. The engine was loaded with a generator and supercharged. The generator was electrically connected to the water resistance. The engine operated with a load between 50 kW and 250 kW at a constant speed. The engine load and speed, parameters of the turbocharger, systems of cooling, fuelling, lubricating and air exchange, were measured. Fuel injection and combustion pressures in all cylinders of the engine were also recorded. Exhaust gas composition was recorded by using a electrochemical gas analyzer. Air pressure, temperature and humidity were also recorded. Emission characteristics of the engine were calculated according to ISO 8178 standard regulations. During the study the engine operated at the technical condition recognized as „working properly” and with simulated fuel injector malfunctions. Simulation of malfunctions consisted in the increasing and decreasing of fuel injector static opening pressure, decalibration of fuel injector holes and clogging 2 neighboring of 9 fuel injector holes on one of 3 engine cylinders.
3
Content available The model of the exhaust gas duct flow of the marine 4-stroke diesel engine
Kowalski J.
Journal of Polish CIMAC
|
2013
|
Vol. 8, no 1
59--66
EN
The manuscript presents the model of the exhaust gas flow through the exhaust gas duct of the marine 4-stroke engine. Presented model are computational fluid dynamic model based on dimensions and the construction of the real exhaust gas duct. The measurement parameters from real object are used to the model validation. The simulation of the exhaust gas duct throttling by rotational throttling plate was done. Obtained calculation results allow to determination of the exhaust gas mass flow for the simulated flow characteristics. The model of turbulence flow was taken into account. The gravity forces and the heat transfer phenomena were neglected. Obtained calculation results are qualitatively consistent with results obtained from literature. The analyze of the velocity distribution in the exhaust gas duct allows to conclusion that the changes of the angular position of the throttling plate causes significant disturbances in the exhaust gas flow. The result of this is the decrease of the exhaust gas flow. Additional purpose of the manuscript was approximation of the obtained results of the exhaust gas flow for different angular positions of the throttling plate. Obtained polynomial function may be useful tool to modeling the combustion process in the engine cylinders for the different flow characteristics of the exhaust gas duct. The calculation results allow to determination the mass flow of the exhaust gas with mean error equal 11%.
4
Content available remote Ekologiczna ocena pojazdów osobowych zasilanych dwupaliwowo w dużych aglomeracjach miejskich
Merkisz J., Pielecha J., Łabędź K.
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
|
2013
|
R. 14, nr 3
2211-2218
PL
W artykule przedstawiono rezultaty z badań emisyjnych pojazdów w warunkach miejskich. Testy pojazdów wykonywano na odcinku kilkunastu kilometrów w podobnych warunkach drogowych; dane te zawierają informację o eksploatacyjnej emisyjności pojazdów i dotyczą rzeczywistych warunków ich ruchu. Do pomiarów stężenia związków toksycznych wykorzystano mobilny analizator do badań toksyczności firmy Sensors oraz TSI. Wyniki posłużyły do wyznaczenia wartości emisji drogowej, którą można wykorzystać do ekologicznej oceny pojazdów pod względem emisji związków toksycznych, różniących się m.in. przeznaczeniem, spełnianymi limitami toksyczności spalin, przebiegiem lub warunkami eksploatacji pojazdu.
EN
In the study the results of vehicle emission tests in road conditions were presented as only then information on real vehicle emissions could be obtained (city). The tests were carried out on section of tens kilometers in road conditions. They include information on emissivity of vehicles in exploitation and deal with real conditions of vehicle movement. In order to measure concentration of toxic compounds a mobile analyzer for toxic tests Semtech by Sensors company was used. In the study the results of vehicle emission tests in road conditions were presented as only then information on real vehicle emissions could be obtained. They include information on emissivity of vehicles in exploitation and deal with real conditions of vehicle movement.
5
Content available Analiza wpływu wybranych własności paliw na proces ich rozpylania przez wtryskiwacze
Ignaciuk P., Gil L., Koszałka G.
TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego
|
2012
|
R. 19, nr 9
2487--2492, CD
PL
Zasadniczym problemem we współczesnych silnikach o zapłonie samoczynnym jest uzyskanie odpowiednio niskiej emisji związków toksycznych. Problem ten jest ścisłe związany z rozpyleniem paliwa przez wtryskiwacze. Poznanie przebiegu procesu rozpylania może ułatwić podejmowania odpowiednio skutecznych działań w kierunku obniżenia emisji związków toksycznych przez silniki zasilane różnymi paliwami. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań nad procesem wtrysku klasycznego oleju napędowego i biopaliwa opartego na estrach metylowych oleju lnianki siewnej.
EN
The main problem of modern Diesel engines is obtaining the lowest emission of toxic compounds in the exhaust gases. The level of toxic emissions in raw exhaust is strictly related to the fuel atomization realized by injectors. The knowledge about the course of injection enables more efficient approach towards reduction of toxic emissions in engines fueled with different types of fuel. The paper presents results of investigations on fuel injection of typical Diesel fuel and biofuel based on methyl esters of camelina seed.
6
Content available Labolatory study on influence of the exhaut gas composition in marine four-stroke diesel engine
Kowalski J.
Journal of Polish CIMAC
|
2012
|
Vol. 7, no 1
109-116
EN
Presented paper shows results of laboratory tests on the relationship between the throttling of a cross area of an exhaust outlet duct and the composition of exhaust gas from the marine engine. The object of research is a laboratory four-stroke diesel engine, worked with a load from 50kW to 250kW at a constant speed equal 750rpm. During the laboratory tests over 50 parameters were measured of the engine with technical condition recognized as a "working properly" and with simulated the exhaust outlet duct throttling. The simulation consisted of changing the angle of the barrier mounted in the exhaust duct after the turbine, limiting duct cross-sectional area. Results of laboratory research confirm that the best indicator of the throttling of the exhaust gas duct among considered thermodynamic parameters of the engine is pressure of exhaust gas after turbine. Unfortunately mentioned pressure is usually very little and for this reason technically difficult to measure during on-board operation. In the case of measuring the composition of exhaust gas, the throttling of the exhaust gas duct causes visible changes of the oxygen and carbon oxide quantity in the exhaust gas. Other measured gaseous components changed not significant during the throttling of the exhaust gas. The conclusion is that the results of measurements of the composition of exhaust gas may contain valuable diagnostic information about the technical condition of the exhaust gas duct of the marine engine.
7
Content available Laboratory study on influence of air duct throttling on exhaust gas composition in marine four - stroke diesel engine
Kowalski J.
Journal of KONES
|
2012
|
Vol. 19, No. 1
191-198
EN
Presented paper shows results of laboratory tests on the relationship between the throttling of a cross area of an air intake duct and the composition of exhaust gas from the marine engine. The object of research is a laboratory four-stroke diesel engine, worked with a load from 50kW to 250kW at a constant speed. During the laboratory, tests over 50 parameters were measured of the engine with technical condition recognized as a “working properly” and with a simulated the air intake duct throttling. The simulation consisted of inserting the throttling flanges to the air intake duct before compressor, limiting duct cross-sectional area by 20% and 60% respectively. The results of laboratory research confirm that the effect of the air intake duct throttling on the engine thermodynamic parameters is clearly visible only at considerable throttling. In the case of measuring the composition of exhaust gas, both mole fractions and emissions of gaseous components markedly affected even at low throttling. For example, 20% throttling of the cross section of the air intake duct increase the mole fraction of carbon monoxide in exhaust gas almost 44% during working the engine with load equal to 250kW, and only 10% of the temperature after air cooler. Keep in mind that the temperature after air cooler was an engine parameter, which undergoes the greatest change during the simulation of that malfunction. The conclusion is that the results of measurements of the composition of exhaust gas may contain valuable diagnostic information about the technical condition of the air delivery to the engine system.
8
Utilizacia gazov poligonov tverdych bytovych othodov s cel'u umen'senia vrednyh i toksicnyh gazovy'rocov v vozdusnuu sredu uznogo Primor'a Rosii
Yatsuk A., Gresov A.
Zeszyty Naukowe. Górnictwo / Politechnika Śląska
|
2009
|
z. 287
285-288
EN
One of the basic dangers, proceeding from the ranges of solid domestic wastes - air pollution by the emission of landfill gases (biogas) formed at the biochemical processes of disintegration of stored wastes. In this paper the qualitative and quantitative structure of landfill gases emission of the ranges of solid domestic wastes of the south of Primorskyi Region, Russia is considered by the authors. Recommendations under the decision of this problem and the opportunities of use of the utilized biogas are given in the paper.
9
Content available Czy gaz propan-butan jest paliwem ekologicznym?
Merkisz J., Radzimirski S.
Silniki Spalinowe
|
2006
|
R. 45, nr 2
45-57
PL
W artykule przedstawiono analizę porównawczą silników zasilanych LPG i benzyną pod kątem emisji związków toksycznych. Omówiono pojazdy przystosowane do zasilania gazem płynnym oraz ustalono kryteria oceny ich właściwości ekologicznych. Porównano właściwości ekologiczne obu rodzajów zasilania i dokonano oceny poszczególnych generacji układów LPG.
EN
The article presents a comparative study of LPG and gasoline fuelled vehicles in terms of their emission level. Vehicles adapted for the LPG fuelling have been scrutinized and the assessment criteria of their ecological properties have been ascertained. Ecological properties of both fuelling systems have been compared and an assessment of the subsequent LPG system generations has been performed.
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