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Contemporary status of topographic mapping in Ukraine

Sossa Rostyslav

Polish Cartographical Review

2021

Vol. 53. No. 1

1--12

The fundamentals and contemporary status of topographic mapping of Ukraine’s territory has been studied. Prior to declaration of Ukraine’s independence, its territory was covered with 1:10,000 to 1:1,000,000 scale topographic maps made by sub-divisions of the Chief Department of Geodesy and Cartography affiliated with the Council of Ministers of the USSR (GUGK USSR) and sub-divisions of the Military Topographic Service (MTS) of the USSR Armed Forces. Topographic mapping related cooperation between these institutions has been described. Topographic study of Ukraine’s territory as at 1991 has been subject to close analysis, with due consideration of the coordinate systems used for topographic maps. During the first years after Ukraine’s independence declaration topographic maps in Ukraine were made according to the previously effective Soviet instructions in the 1942 coordinate systems and 1977 Baltic height system. Since mid 1990s, Ukraine enjoyed transition from analog technology of making topographic maps to digital one. The contemporary legal and statutory support of topographic mapping in Ukraine has been studied; the implementation since 1 January 2007 of the UCS-2000 national geodetic reference coordinate system and the height system measurement works have been analyzed. Focus has been made on obsolescence of information of contemporary topographic maps and on extensive deprivation of secrecy for topographic maps in 2000s. Critical for the development of topographic mapping in Ukraine is now the Law of Ukraine “On National Geospatial Data Infrastructure” adopted in 2020. The Topographic Service of the Armed Forces (TS AF) of Ukraine carried out big scopes of works to update the topographic maps related to Russia’s military operations against Ukraine.

From 2D mongean projection to 3D model in AutoCAD

Koźniewski E., Orłowski M.

Journal Biuletyn of Polish Society for Geometry and Engineering Graphics

2011

Vol. 22

49--53

The aim of this páper is to present some examples of problems, which can be implemented within the course of descriptive geometry. A Computer assistance for solving the problems through the use of AutoCAD software has been utilized. Firstly, each task will be solved in a classic Mongean layout. Later, some elements of the Solution are used to create a 3D model. Finally, the Solution will be graphically represented in Mongean projection. The method has been illustrated by two examples.

Na przykładzie dwu zadań przedstawiono nową koncepcję rozwiązywania zagadnień geometrycznych, która może być zrealizowana w kursie geometrii wykreślnej z użyciem oprogramowania AutoCAD. Każde zadanie jest najpierw rozwiązywane na płaszczyźnie klasyczną metodą Monge'a ale za pomocą programu AutoCAD, by następnie pewne elementy założeń i rozwiązania wykorzystać do utworzenia wirtualnego modelu 3D za pomocą tegoż programu. Graficzne przedstawienie, w celu porównania wyników konstrukcji zrealizowanych w obu przypadkach, kończy proces rozwiązania zagadnienia.