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Diacritic-aware Yorùbá spell checker

Asahiah Franklin Oládiípò, Onífádé Mary Taiwo, Asahiah Adekemisola Olufunmilayo, Adegunlehin Abayomi Emmanuel, Amoo Adekemi Olawunmi

Computer Science

2023

T. 24 (1)

31--51

Spell checking and correction is still in its infancy for the Yorùbá language; existing tools cannot be directly applied to address the problem, as Yorùbá uses diacritics extensively for distinguishing phonemes and for marking tone. A model was formulated as a parallel combination of a unigram language model and a diacritic model to form a dictionary sub-model that can be used by error-detection and candidate-generation modules. The candidate-generation module was implemented as a reverse Levensthein edit-distance algorithm. The system was evaluated by using detection accuracy (calculated from the precision and recall) and suggestion accuracy (SA) as metrics. Our experimental setups compared the performance of the component subsystems when used alone and with their combination into a unified model. The detection accuracies for the different models range from 93.23 to 95.01%, and the suggestion accuracies range from 26.94 to 72.10%. The results indicated that each of the sub-models in the dictionary played different roles.

Representing morphological tone in a computational grammar of Hausa

Crysmann B.

Journal of Language Modelling

2015

Vol. 3, No. 2

463--512

In this paper1 I shall discuss the representation of morphological tone in Hausa, as implemented in a computational grammar of the language, referred to as HaG, which has been developed within the framework of Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar. Based on an indepth study of segmental and suprasegmental properties manipulated by morphological processes, I shall argue that two fundamental insights from autosegmental phonology need to be seamlessly integrated into typed feature structure grammars of languages with grammatical tone, namely (i) the systematic separation of tonal and metrical information from the string of consonants and vowels, and (ii) the possibility of tonal spreading, i.e. the possibility for a tonal specification to be assigned to an arbitrary number of adjacent tone-bearing units (syllables). To this end, I present a formalisation of tonal melodies in terms of typed list constraints that implement a notion of tonal spreading, allowing for an underspecified description of tonal melodies, independent of the number of tone-bearing units. I shall finally show that this minimal encoding is sufficient, and flexible enough to capture the range of suprasegmental phenomena in Hausa.