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Latitudinal pattern of abundance and composition of ciliate communities in the surface waters of the Atlantic Ocean

Rychert K., Nawacka B., Majchrowski R., Zapadka T.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2014

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Vol. 43, No. 4

4436--441

EN

Abundance, biomass, and taxonomic composition of the ciliate community were studied in the surface waters along a transect between 50°S 61°W and 48°N 5°W (Atlantic Ocean, March-April 2011). The abundance of heterotrophic ciliates was low in the equatorial zone (280–320 cells l−1, 0.11–0.12 μg C l−1), but it increased toward both the northern and southern temperate zones with the maximum abundance observed at 44°S (2667 cells l−1, 0.82 μg C l−1). This pattern resembles the global distribution of oceanic primary production, which is low at lower latitudes and high in temperate zones. In temperate zones ciliate abundance peaks during spring and fall. Thus, because the present study was carried out during spring in the northern hemisphere and austral fall in the southern hemisphere, the ciliate abundance at higher latitudes was additionally elevated. Functionally autotrophic Mesodinium rubrum was only observed in the northern hemisphere and tropical waters. Its maximum abundance was observed at 48°N (1080 cells l−1, 1.14 μg C l−1). The most frequently observed ciliates were oligotrichs and choreotrichs. Other important ciliates were haptorids (including M. rubrum) and hypotrichs.

2

Protozoa in a stressed area of the Egyptian Mediterranean coast of Damietta, Egypt

Dorgham M. M., El-Tohamy W. S., Abdel-Aziz N. E., El-Ghobashi A., Qin J. G.

Oceanologia

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2013

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No. 55 (3)

733--750

EN

The Damietta coast is part of the Egyptian Mediterranean coast off the Nile Delta and has recently been polluted as a result of intensive human activities. The environmental parameters and protozoan community in the area were studied biweekly from January to December 2007. The results of the environmental parameters indicated low salinity, oxic and anoxic conditions, high nutrient levels and intensive phytoplankton growth. A total of 69 protozoan species were identified, belonging to Amoebozoa (8 species), Foraminifera (12 species), non-tintinnid ciliates (22 species) and tintinnids (27 species). The numerical density of protozoans was high over the whole area, with annual averages between 8.2 × 103 cells m-3 and 51.4 × 103 cells m-3. Spring was the most productive season for protozoans, but several distinct peaks were observed during the year at the sampling sites. The protozoan groups showed clearly different spatial patterns in both composition and abundance: whereas amoebozoans and non-tintinnid ciliates were dominant in the more polluted areas (sites IV and V), tintinnids dominated in the less polluted areas (sites, I, II and III). Several pollution indicators were recorded: amoebozoans - Centropyxis aculeata, Centropyxis sp., Cochliopodium sp., Difflugia sp.; non-tintinnids - Bursaridium sp., Frontonia atra, Holophrya sp., Paramecium sp., Paramecium bursaria, Vasicola ciliata, Vorticella sp., Strombidium sp.; tintinnids - Favella ehrenbergii, Helicostomella subulata, Leprotintinnus nordgvisti, Tintinnopsis beroidea, Stenosemella ventricosa, Tintinnopsis campanula, T. cylindrica, T. lobiancoi, Eutintinnus lusus-undae.

3

Zintegrowana biostratygrafia węglanowych osadów warstw cieszyńskich w polskich Karpatach Zachodnich

Olszewska B., Szydło A., Jugowiec-Nazarkiewicz M., Nescieruk P.

Geologia / Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie

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2008

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T. 34, z. 3/1

33-59

PL

W pracy przedstawiono charakterystykę stratygraficzną dolnych łupków i wapieni cieszyńskich w oparciu o zróżnicowane spektrum mikroskamieniałości. Rozmieszczenie i migracja tych mikroorganizmów do basenu cieszyńskiego, usytuowanego na południowej krawędzi Platformy Zachodnioeuropejskiej, były określone jego geotektoniczną transformacją. Pozycję niefliszowych, węglanowych utworów basenu (dolne łupki cieszyńskie i dolna część wapieni cieszyńskich) określają zespoły tytońskich mikroskamieniałości z pojedynczymi elementami późnego kimerydu. Natomiast sedymentacja węglanowych turbiditów (wyższa część wapieni cieszyńskich) miała miejsce głównie w okresie berias - walanżyn z prawdopodobną kontynuacją do (?późnego) hoterywu.

EN

Microfossils from the Tithonian-(?Late) Hauterivian carbonate deposits of the Cieszyn Beds (Lower Cieszyn Shales and Cieszyn Limestones) are reviewed. The distribution and migration of microorganisms into the Carpathian (Cieszyn) Basin were determined by geotectonic transformation of the Cieszyn Basin situated on the southern margin of the Western European Platform. The age of the nonflysch carbonate deposition in the Cieszyn basin (Lower Cieszyn Shales, and lower part of the Cieszyn Limestones) is documented by Tithonian calcareous microfossils accompanied by Late Kimmeridgian elements whereas the development of carbonate turbidite deposition in the Beriassian - Valanginian time (Cieszyn Limestones), probably continued up to the (?Late) Hauterivian.

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Urgonian-type microfossils in exotic pebbles of the Late Cretaceous-Palaeogene gravelstones from the Sromowce and Jarmuta formations (Pieniny Klippen Belt, Polish Carpathians)

Krobicki M., Olszewska B.

Studia Geologica Polonica

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2005

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Vol. 124

215-236

EN

The Late Cretaceous-Palaeogene flyschoidal deposits of the Sromowce and Jarmuta formations of the Pieniny Klippen Belt contain gravelstones composed of exotic pebbles of various lithology and age. Many pebbles are derived from the destroyed Early Cretaceous carbonate platform. They contain microfossils comparable with those of the Urgonian-type known from the peri-Medi- terranean Tethys. A rich assemblage of microfossils with characteristic: Archalveolina reicheli (de Castro), Palorbitolina lenticularis (Blumenbach), Mesorbitolina subconcava (Leymerie), Prae- orbitolina cormyi Schroeder, Pseudonummuloculina aurigerica Calvez and Simpliorbitolina manasi Ciry and Rat confirm the stratigraphical and paleoenvironmental connection of the microfossil assemblages with the classical Urgonian-type, shallow-water carbonate sedimentation. Single occurrences of planktonic foraminifera and tintinnids suggest sporadic contacts with the open sea environment and support the age designation based on benthic foraminifera.

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Microfossils of the Cieszyn Beds (Silesian Unit, Polish Outer Carpathians) : a thin sections study

Olszewska B.

Polish Geological Institute Special Papers

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2005

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Vol. 19

1-58

EN

Indurated sediments of the Cieszyn Beds (hard marls and limestones) contain abundant microfossils important for stratigraphy and paleoenvironmental interpretation of the subdivision. Tintinnid associations can be attributed to zones: Chitinoidella, Crassicollaria, Calpionella alpina, Calpionella elliptica, Tintinopsella. Within calcareous dinocysts the local acme pulla, malmica, fortis, wanneri and echinata zones have been recognised. Both kinds of microfossils suggest for the investigated sediments the Tithonian-Early Hauterivian age. Foraminifera observed in indurated sediments represent population of the shallow water carbonate environment of the southern edge of the European platform extending from the South France to the Crimea.

PL

Twarde margle i wapienie warstw cieszyńskich polskich Karpat zewnętrznych zawierają liczne mikroskamieniałości ważne dla stratygrafii i interpretacji paleośrodowiskowej. Występujące tintinnidy można odnieść do regionalnych poziomów: Chitinoidella, Crassicollaria, Calpionella alpina, Calpionella elliptica oraz Tintinopsella. W zespołach wapiennych dinocyst rozpoznano lokalne poziomy: acme pulla, malmica, fortis, wanneri i echinata. Powyższe mikroskamieniałości określają dla badanych utworów wiek jako tyton-wczesny hoteryw. Otwornice obecne w badanych utworach reprezentują formy płytkowodne środowiska węglanowego południowej krawędzi platformy Europejskiej, znane od południowej Francji po Krym.