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Implementation and simulation of the Scalar Timing Model

Komosinski M., Kups A.

Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems

2011

Vol. 7, no. 4

41--52

Perception of time is an important ability: timing plays a crucial role in accomplishing various real-life tasks. This work concerns judgments made about short temporal intervals. The main goal was to implement the well known Scalar Timing Model (STM) as an artificial neural network. The implementation of the STM resolves to mapping the architecture of the model into an artificial neural network. Another direction of experiments concerns the pacemaker and distribution of generated pulses in time. Manipulation of pulse distribution in time helps in explaining basic, empirical regularities concerning perception of time, and the relation between the stimulus and its sensation. The STM implementation described in this paper models the time-order error (TOE), a phenomenon often reported in experiments on living organisms. This research is a starting point for further wide-scale analysis of human time perception on psychological, psychophysical and biological levels.

Human Factors in Matching Images to Standards: Assimilation and Time Order Error

Elfering A.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

2005

Vol. 11, No. 4

399--407

Objectives: This study examines recognition performance to depend on image context and time order error. Recognition of standard images is a basic process in medical image analysis. Methods: After the presentation of a standard square, 20 subjects identified the standard within a variety of 7 squares. The choice was between the standard and either 3 smaller and 3 larger squares, 5 smaller and 1 larger square, or 5 larger and 1 smaller square (context conditions). Results: Multilevel regression analysis showed large individual differences in judgments (P < .001). Context induced assimilation of judgments to the medium-sized square within response options (P < .001). Negative time order error in rapid judgments caused an underestimation of the standard (P < .001). Conclusions: Assimilation of judgments and time order error might be a threat to the reliability of medical image analysis. Some procedural recommendations are derived to reduce bias and increase patient safety in radiology.