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Urban and Forest-Living Blackbirds Turdus merula as Hosts of Borreliella spp. Infected Ticks

Gryczyńska A.

Polish Journal of Ecology

2018

Vol. 66, nr 3

309--314

The effect of urbanisation on parasite prevalence, especially these associated with human diseases, such as Lyme borreliosis, is of high interest. The blackbird Turdus merula is a ground-feeding species particularly predisposed to constitute a Borreliella spp. (Lyme borreliosis causative agent) reservoir. So, the aim of the study was to examine if the tick infestation level and their Borreliella spp. infection prevalence differs in blackbirds resident in two disparate habitats in Poland – one highly urbanized (in Warsaw agglomeration) and the other forested (in Mazurian Lake region). The infection in ticks feeding on blackbirds was ascertained based on detection of bacterium DNA (PCR). The prevalence of tick infestation in urban and forest-living blackbirds was similar (90 and 91.7%, respectively) but the mean number of parasites per bird was markedly greater in the forest (4.0 ind.) than in the urban populations (1.5 ind.). Even though, the Borreliella spp. infection of the ticks was significantly greater in the urban (46.7%) than in forest habitat (35.4%). Additionally, in the urban site more birds carry at least one infected tick than in the forest. The results of the study seem to confirm the role of blackbirds in establishing Borreliella spp. reservoir. Special regard should be given to highly urbanized areas, where the relative increase in the relevance of birds as tick hosts and pathogen transmitters may pose high risk to public health. Thus, the study constitutes a small-scale but an important contribution to our understanding of the role of birds in maintenance of Borreliella spp. foci in urban habitats.

Electrophoretic identification of allozyme variation in natural population of ticks Ixodes persulcatus Schulze (Acari: Ixodidae) in Irkutsk suburbs

Dzhioev Y. P., Yakhnenko V. M., Revizor A. O., Kirilchik S. V., Kozlova I. V., Verkhozina M. M., Doroshchenko E. K., Demina T. V., Kapustin Y. M., Lisak O. V.

Environmental Biotechnology

2009

Vol. 5, No. 2

81-86

Allozyme structure of the tick population Ixodes persulcatus coded by nine enzyme gene loci has been studied using two subsamples of ticks from Irkutsk suburban areas. Nine loci out of fourteen were polymorphic in ticks of Baikal highway population, whereas five loci were polymorphic in tics sampled from Goloustnoye highway. High level of intra-population heterogeneity of ticks has been revealed. No distinction between two populations from different nidi of infection has been recorded. It was probably due to the high rate of gene migration between the studied populations and to their high genetic similarity.