It is shown that the nucleotide sequences of archeal tRNAs correspond to peptide sequences, some of which resemble very much the contemporary regulatory peptides. In particular, the nucleotide sequence of archeal A0980 tRNAAla corresponds to a putative polypeptide, which is homologous to thymopoietin, a peptide hormone produced in thymus and endowed with immunomodulatory activity. The 23 amino acid long synthetic peptide corresponding to A0980 interacts strongly with TAR RNA fragment of HIV mRNAs as well as binds specifically to tRNAPhe, whereas tRNALeu and tRNAMet are deprived of such ability.
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