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EN
In this paper, the structure of a high-efficiency solar cell is presented by using a combination of quantum dots of germanium arrays and silicon nanowires on a thin film silicon layer. Due to the low absorption coefficient of silicon, this type of solar cell does not have high efficiency. According to the capability of the quantum structure in absorbing the incident photons and the generation of electron-hole pairs, this structure is proposed. Moreover, nanowires as an appropriate suggestion are applied in our work aiming to improve light scattering and optical photon absorption for the generation of carriers. Both of the electrical and optical characteristics of the solar cell are calculated by using a finite-difference time-domain method. Owing to the change of the nanowire length and increasing the number of quantum dot in our work, maximum power absorption is achieved. The achieved results provide a considerable improvement in efficiency and short-circuit current density. The efficiency is improved up to 17.5% and the short-circuit current density in the active layer of thickness 1170 nm has been provided to be 42.6 mA/cm2. The open circuit voltage for this cell is calculated to be 0.47 V. The achieved results provide a considerable improvement in efficiency and short-circuit current density in comparison with previously published method.
2
PL
Obecne technologie i materiały umożliwiają różne sposoby poziomego oznakowania dróg. Oznakowanie cienkowarstwowe jest stosunkowo tanie, ale mniej trwałe, jednak łatwo je regenerować. Oznakowanie grubowarstwowe jest droższe, ale o wiele bardziej trwałe, jednak trudne do regeneracji. Nowe technologie, jak na przykład spray-plast, pozwalają na skuteczną regenerację oznakowania grubowarstwowego. Przemysł oferuje różnorodny sprzęt do oznakowania poziomego i jego regeneracji.
EN
Current technologies and materials allow for different ways of road marking. Thin-film road marking is relatively cheap but less durable, however it is easy to regenerate. Thick-film road marking is more expensive but much more durable, however it is difficult to regenerate. New technologies, such as spray-plast, allow the effective regeneration of thick-film marking and its renovation.
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