Carbon materials represent difficult chemical compounds [1, 2]. They demand not only dispergating (crushing), and dehydration (removal of moisture) [3], but also cleanings of harmful impurity which negatively influence the environment at their further use in the industry. Now there are many installations and techniques of dehydration and dispergating of rheological material, including coals of different types. Comparative analysis of standard technologies and technology of thermal vacuum dehydration and dispergating of brown coal carried out. The experimental technique of dehydration and dispergating of brown coal described. Temperature, pressure, time of dehydration and dispergating of brown coal are determined. The physical model of simultaneous dehydration and dispergating of fine porous material offered. Dispergating of the dried-up material described by means of two models of disintegration of a part in the course of drying: discrete and continuous. It shown that at the initial stage of drying the maximum difference on the mass of the extracted water calculated on two models makes size about 7%. On big times of drying dependence of amount of the extracted water on time for the models considered above is almost identical. Calculations show that rapid withdrawal of water from a sample explains rather intensive process of crushing of the dried-up material at the initial stage of drying. At the same time with excess of temperature of the heater by 1.68 times over temperature of boiling of water with the lowered part pressure in the same number of times are crushed quicker. Comparison of theoretical calculations with experimental data shows adequacy of the offered models of dehydration and dispergating of fine rheological material.
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In the conditions of an economic crisis, for the purpose of preservation of profitability of production energy saving technologies of processing of brown coal are developed. The main direction of use of brown coal is its fuel use on thermal power plants (TPP), small boiler rooms and the production enterprises and for the preparat ion coal-water fuel. For their preparation for combustion padding expenses, bound to drying and subdivision are required. The equipment for drying and subdivision of coal occupies the larger spaces, has high metal and power consumption. Unlike liquid and gaseous fuel natural coals have high ash content and humidity. Therefore there is a need of modernization of processes of preparation of fuel for combustion for the purpose of increase of overall performance of thermal power plants, to decrease in energy consumption, decrease of sulfur and nitrogen in brown coal.
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