Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Modeling of environmental-energy efficiency of the biogas installation with heat supplying of the biomass fermentation process

Ratushniak Georgiy, Biks Yuriy, Lyalyuk Olena, Ratushnyak Olga, Lyalyuk Andriy

Architecture Civil Engineering Environment

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2020

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Vol. 13, no. 4

115--124

EN

The determinants of profitability and environmental friendliness of bioconversion are noted in the paper. As one of the major factors the reduction of thermal energy costs for the fermentation of organic wastes in their utilization is proposed to take into consideration. The expediency of using renewable energy sources for thermal stabilization of the fermentation process, especially in the thermophilic mode of organic fermentation, is emphasized. The energy efficiency biogas installation with structural and technological scheme is given as an example. It receives thermal energy to increase its efficiency from a solar collector and a heat pump. It is proposed to evaluate the energy efficiency of a biogas plant taking into account the cost of bioconversion products and the costs of providing this process. A mathematical model was proposed to substantiate the environmental-economic efficiency of a biogas installation with the minimum energy costs for the thermal stabilization of the biomass fermentation process. The model is based on fuzzy set theory which uses linguistic variables. Linguistic variables take into account the influence of quantitative and qualitative factors on the objective function.

2

Effects of preparation methods of mixed calcium and zinc thermal stabilizers derived from dimer fatty acid and tung-oil based C22 triacid on properties of PVC

Li M., Wang M., Li S., Huang K., Mao W., Xia J.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2017

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Vol. 19, nr 2

78--87

EN

Calcium and zinc salts of dimer fatty acids (DFA-Ca and DFA-Zn) were synthesized using direct neutralization and metathesis technologies, respectively. The adduct of maleic anhydride and methyl eleostearate (MAME) was also converted to the corresponding zinc soap (C22TA-Zn) and calcium soap (C22TA-Ca) by the two different synthetic routes. Mixed Ca/Zn salts between DFA-Ca and DFA-Zn, and between C22TA-Zn and C22TA-Ca were used as thermal stabilizers for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). The PVC thermal stability was determined using Congo red test, discoloration test, torque rheological analysis and TGA. Dynamic mechanical properties were also tested. Results indicated that the DFA-Ca/DFA-Zn thermal stabilizer from direct neutralization technology was found to be superior to that of the metathesis product. The C22TA-Ca/C22TA-Zn thermal stabilizer from direct neutralization method had overall superior thermal stability, and displayed modulus and glass transition comparable to that of metathesis product. Direct neutralization method was more excellent and convenient than metathesis technology.

3

Improvement of enzyme stability via non-covalent complex formation with dextran against temperature and storage lifetime

Altikatoglu M., Kuzu H.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2010

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Vol. 12, nr 1

12-16

EN

The optimal methodology to prepare the novel modified enzyme, polymer-enzyme complex, was developed to give a high catalytic activity in aqueous solution. The non-covalent complexes of two different enzymes (horseradish peroxidase and glucose oxidase) were prepared with various molar ratios (nD/nE 0,05; 0,1; 1; 5; 10; 15; 20) by using 75kDa dextran. The thermal stabilities of the obtained complexes were evaluated with the activities determined at different temperatures (25, 30, 35, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80°C) applying 60 minutes incubation time for pH 7. The complexes with the molar ratio nD/nHRP: 10 and nD/nGOD: 5 showed the highest thermal stability. Its activity was very high (ca. 1,5-fold higher activity than pure enzyme for HRP-dextran complexes) and almost the same between applying one hour incubation time and without incubation, and could also be measured at high temperatures (70, 80 °C). We finally succeeded in preparing dextran-enzyme complexes which showed higher activity than pure enzyme in aqueos solution at all temperatures for pH 7. In addition, the mentioned complexes at pH 7 had very long storage lifetime compared to purified enzyme at +4 °C; which is considered as a good feature for the usage in practice.

4

Influence of the Thermal Stabilization Process on the Quality Parameters of Cotton-Type Yarns

Cyniak D., Czekalski J., Jackowski T.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2008

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Vol. 16, no. 6 (71)

15--19

EN

Up to the present, the process of thermal stabilization has most commonly been used for wool-type yarns. The investigation presented concerns the application of the thermal stabilization process to cotton yarns and cotton-type blended yarns. The yarns used were manufactured on ring and rotor-spinning machines from cotton and blends of cotton with chemical fibres. The quality parameters of the yarns obtained were analysed with special attention given to the yarn twist stabilization, tenacity, elongation at break and hairiness. Statistical analyses were used for the evaluation of the investigation results. It was indicated that thermal stabilization improves the twist unbalance of yarns.

PL

Dotychczas procesowi stabilizacji termicznej poddawano przędze typu wełnianego. W przedstawionych badaniach zastosowano proces stabilizacji termicznej dla przędz bawełnianych i mieszankowych. Przędze wykonano na przędzarkach obrączkowych i rotorowych z bawełny i mieszanek bawełna włókna chemiczne. Analizowano parametry jakościowe przędz ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem stabilizacji skrętu przędz, wytrzymałość właściwą, wydłużenie zrywające i włochatość przędz. Do oceny wyników badań zastosowano analizy statystyczne.

5

System do stabilizacji temperatury w przestrzeni pomiarowej interferometru

Żaba M., Iwasińska O.

Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola

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2007

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R. 53, nr 9 bis

593--596

PL

W referacie przedstawione został system stabilizacji temperatury przeznaczony do zastosowania w pomiarach interferencyjnych długości (przemieszczenia). W tym celu zbudowano komorę termoizolacyjną wyposażoną w moduł Peltiera z układem sterowania. Założono, że układ powinien zapewnił, przez co najmniej 8 godzin, stabilizację termiczną na poziomie nie gorszym niż ±0,05° C. Opisano dwa rozwiązania i wyniki badań stabilności temperatury w obu układach.

EN

In this paper a system of active stabilization of sealed chamber is presented. Electronically controlled Peltier module is applied. The system is predestined for the interferometer to minimize the effect of refractive index variations and thermal expansion correction. Uncertainty of corrections is a potentially large source of error. Performing the length measure at 20±0,5° Celsius degree and long term stability 0,05 Celsius degreecould significant reduced influences of sources. Two solutions are presented and results of temperature stabilization testing.

6

Thermal Stabilizing Effect of Amorphous Matrices of Sugars on Freeze-dried Proteins

Suzuki T., Okazaki M.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2000

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Vol. 48, nr 3

415-427

EN

Thermal stabilizing effect of sugars on freeze-dried proteins is studied remarking the reaction between the stabilizing effect and the degree of crystallinity of sugars. It is found that thermal stabilizing effect is higher when sugar is amorphous than crystalline. This thermal stabilizing effect is closely related to hydrogen bond between sugar molecules and proteins. It is also found that except the case of low moisture content protein can stabilize amorphous matrix of sugar and prevent its crystallization. Thus, we can deduce that sugars and proteins work together to maintain protein activities.