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Infestation of Bivalvia by Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas, 1771) in thermally polluted lakes

Marszewska Anna, Kopczyńska Kamila, Cichy Anna, Żbikowska Elżbieta

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2019

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Vol. 48, No. 1

85--89

EN

Unionid mussel species belong to one of the most threatened invertebrate groups on Earth. Biological invasions, especially those by filtering species, are particularly harmful to native Unionidae species. In Poland, a significantly disturbing situation of native Unionidae is observed in thermally polluted aquatic ecosystems. Such water bodies have favorable conditions for the settlement of alien mollusks, including Sinanodonta woodiana or Corbicula fluminea, whose shells can potentially be a beneficial substrate for Dreissena polymorpha. The objective of the presented research was to check whether zebra mussels can hinder the invasion of alien species of bivalve mollusks in thermally polluted waters. Our results indicate that with the increase in thermal pollution associated with the growing invasion of alien species of bivalves, D. polymorpha infestations of clams decrease considerably, which leads to the conclusion that D. polymorpha does not pose a significant natural threat to bivalves in the lakes under study.

2

Rapid expansion of the Asian clam Corbicula fluminea (O. F. Müller, 1774) : a new alien species in the mollusk community of the Vistula

Bonk M., Zając K., Lipińska A. M.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2018

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Vol. 47, No. 1

75--86

EN

A new large population of the Asian clam Corbicula fluminea (O. F. Müller, 1774) was found within a reach (ca 210 km long) of one of the largest European rivers, the Vistula. The largest population and the largest individuals were found at the outlet of a channel collecting heated water from the cooling process at the Połaniec power station and adjacent parts of the river. In the northern part of the study area, bivalves occurred at the channel margins, in groyne fields, and in the shallows of sand banks or sandbars. The clams were less numerous in places where the river was regulated with straightened banks and stone ripraps. Twenty-five other taxa of mollusks were found altogether at the sampling stations where Corbicula was observed, including other non-indigenous mollusk species.

3

Temporal and spatial variability in concentrations of phosphorus species under thermal pollution conditions of a dam reservoir : the Rybnik Reservoir case study

Kostecki M., Tytła M., Kernert J., Stahl K.

Archives of Environmental Protection

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2017

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Vol. 43, no. 3

42--52

EN

The research objective was to study temporal and spatial relations between specific phosphorus species as well as to examine total phosphorus content in the bottom sediments of an anthropogenic, hypertrophic limnic ecosystem Rybnik Reservoir, functioning under thermal pollution conditions. The chemical extraction procedure for the speciation of bioavailable phosphorus forms was used. It was found that available algae phosphorus was the most dominant phosphorus species in both sediment layers (83%), while the lower share was readily desorbed phosphorus form (0.1%). The phosphorus species concentrations depended on the organic matter concentration. The differences between phosphorus species contents in the upper (5 cm) and lower (15–20 cm) sediment core layers were low. The biologically active sediment layer extended from the sediment surface to at least 20 cm depth of the sediment core. Distributions of the concentrations within the year and at specific sampling points resulted from the variability observed for particular points and transformation intensity. Furthermore in the following study, the reaction rate constant for the increase and decrease in the concentrations of the phosphorus species in sediments was given. It was indicated that the speed of the phosphorus species transformations was affected by the environment temperature. In the heated water discharge zone (water temp. 17–35°C) the concentrations of selected speciation phosphorus forms increased more than in the dam zone (5–25°C). It was also found that the abundance of the bottom sediments with phosphorus species was related to the oblong and transverse asymmetry of reservoir depth.

PL

Celem pracy było zbadanie relacji czasowej i przestrzennej pomiędzy poszczególnymi formami specjacyjnymi fosforu, oraz ogólnej zasobności w fosfor, w osadach dennych antropogenicznego, hipertroficznego ekosystemu limnicznego Zbiornika Rybnickiego, funkcjonującego w warunkach skażenia termicznego. Stwierdzono, że dominującą formą specjacyjną fosforu w obu warstwach osadów dennych była frakcja algal available phosphorus (83%), z kolei najmniejszy udział stanowiła frakcja redaily desorber phosphorus (0.1%). Do oznaczenia form biodostępnych fosforu zastosowano procedurę ekstrakcji chemicznej. Stężenie form specjacyjnych fosforu było zależne od stężenia materii organicznej. Różnice pomiędzy zawartością specjacyjnych form fosforu w górnej (5 cm) i dolnej (15–20 cm) warstwie rdzenia osadów były niewielkie. Czynna biologicznie warstwa osadów sięgała od ich powierzchni do co najmniej 20 cm rdzenia osadów. Zaobserwowano, że rozkład stężeń poszczególnych form fosforu w skali roku jak i na poszczególnych stanowiskach, wynikał ze zmienności stanowiskowej oraz z intensywności przemian zachodzących w zbiorniku. W opracowaniu przedstawiono także stałe szybkości wzrostu oraz spadku stężenia specjacyjnych form fosforu w osadach dennych. Stwierdzono, że szybkość przemian fosforu w osadach dennych była zależna od warunków termicznych środowiska. Wykazano, że w strefie zrzutu wód podgrzanych (temp. wody 17–35°C) szybkość wzrostu stężenia wskaźników wybranych form fosforu jest wyższa niż w strefie zapory (5–25°C). Ponadto stwierdzono, że zasobność osadów dennych w specjacyjne formy fosforu pozostaje w związku z podłużną i poprzeczną asymetrią misy zbiornika.

4

Scenarios of the spread of a waste heat discharge in a river — Vistula River case study

Kalinowska M.B., Rowiński P.M., Kubrak J., Mirosław-Świątek D.

Acta Geophysica

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2012

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Vol. 60, no. 1

214-231

EN

The problem of two-dimensional mathematical modelling of heated cooling water discharges into running waters is considered in the paper. Two models — one for the evaluation of 2D turbulent velocity field and the other, developed by authors of the study, for 2D heat transport in open-channels — were used in the calculations. Relevant scenarios of the spread of heated water discharged from a designed gas-stem power plant to be constructed at the Vistula River were presented. Environmentally most friendly variant of the discharge of the thermal pollution was selected from among four various variants.