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Analiza warunków hydrogeologicznych wspomagana modelem matematycznym jako podstawowy etap realizacji projektów inwestycyjnych w geotermii

Tomaszewska B., Dendys M., Pająk L.

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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2018

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nr 471, Hydrogeologia, z. 15

179--183

PL

Wody geotermalne (wody termalne) stanowią kopaliny objęte własnością górniczą, a ich wydobycie jest możliwe po uzyskaniu koncesji i ustanowieniu użytkowania górniczego. W Polsce wody te są wykorzystywane przede wszystkim w ciepłownictwie, balneoterapii i rekreacji. W ostatnich latach są prowadzone także badania, których celem jest zintensyfikowanie kompleksowego ich wykorzystania, również jako nowych produktów geotermalnych, m.in. zmineralizowanych koncentratów. Przedsięwzięcia inwestycyjne, mające na celu wykorzystanie wód geotermalnych, z uwagi na specyfikę występowania zasobów na dużych głębokościach pod powierzchnią ziemi muszą zapewniać możliwość bezpiecznego i stabilnego ich wydobycia w długim horyzoncie czasowym. Sposób przyszłego wykorzystania wód geotermalnych, oprócz warunków technicznych czy ekonomicznych, w dużej mierze determinują warunki przyrodnicze, m.in. temperatura wód, ich właściwości fizykochemiczne, warunki złożowe, stabilność parametrów lub odnawialność zasobów. Rozpoznanie tych elementów stanowi zestaw podstawowych informacji, które coraz częściej są integrowane w postaci modeli matematycznych. Modele te służą do analiz i symulacji pracy systemu geotermalnego jeszcze przed podjęciem działań projektowych oraz są weryfikowane na etapie eksploatacji zasobów. W pracy przedstawiono przykłady wykonanych w ostatnich latach projektów związanych z wykorzystaniem i zagospodarowaniem wód geotermalnych, dla których kluczowe były wyniki prowadzonych badań modelowych z zakresu geotermii i hydrogeologii.

EN

Geothermal groundwaters are deposits that must be categorised as a mining property. Their exploitation is possible with a mining concession and permission of use. Geothermal groundwaters in Poland are used in heating, balneotherapy and recreation purposes. Over the last years, investigations have been carried out to intensify the use of geothermal groundwaters. They can be used as new geothermal products, for example as a mineralised concentrate. Investment projects related to geothermal groundwaters should be prepared with care about safe and sustained exploitation in long-term perspective. Using of geothermal groundwaters is determined by technical and economical conditions. However, successful exploitation depends also on natural conditions e.g. water temperature, physical features, chemical composition and durability of parameters, and renewability of resources. Recognition of these elements give a basic information that nowadays can be integrated as mathematical models. The models are created to analyse and simulate the conditions of geothermal systems. It often happens before starting project operating activities. The paper presents examples of projects carried out over the recent years. They have been associated with the using and management of geothermal groundwaters and the key role has been played by mathematical modelling in the field of geothermy and hydrogeology.

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A comparison of selected natural radionuclide concentrations in the thermal groundwater of Mszczonów and Cieplice with deep well water from Łódź city, Poland

Grabowski P., Długosz M., Szajerski P., Bem H.

Nukleonika

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2010

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Vol. 55, No. 2

181-185

EN

A simple procedure using α and γ spectrometry for the determination of natural radionuclides in two Polish geothermal water samples from Mszczonów and Cieplice, as well as in deep well groundwater from the city of Łódź, was described. The 222Rn radionuclide was directly extracted from 10 cm3 water samples to a scintillator solution placed in scintillation vials and determined by an liquid scintillation (LSC) technique with α/β separation. The activity concentrations of three radium nuclides: 228Ra(228Ac), 226Ra(222Rn), 224Ra, as well as 210Pb and 228Th were measured by γ spectrometry with an HPGe detector after their preconcentration on hydrated MnO2. 210Po was deposited on a silver disc from dissolved MnO2 precipitate after γ-spectrometry analysis and measured by α spectrometry. The concentration of 210Pb in the examined samples was below the detection limit of the method (< 6.2 mBq/dm3), whereas activity of its decay product 210Po was in the range 0.35–1.4 mBq/dm3. Higher activities of 228Ra (46.7 mBq/dm3), 226Ra (67.8 mBq/dm3) and 224Ra (22.4 mBq/dm3) were observed for the deep well water in Łódź in comparison to those for geothermal water samples from Cieplice and Mszczonów. However, concentrations of all the measured radionuclides were below World Health Organization (WHO) reference activities (0.1 Bq/dm3 for 228Ra and 1 Bq/dm3 for 226Ra and 226Ra).

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Concentration of selected natural radionuclides in the thermal groundwater of Uniejów, Poland

Bem H., Olszewski M., Kaczmarek A.

Nukleonika

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2004

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Vol. 49, nr 1

1-5

EN

Activities of the main radionuclides from the 238U and 232Th series in the Uniejów geothermal water were determined by combining liquid scintillation counting with a/b separation and g-spectrometry methods. The 222Rn and 226Ra activities were measured after extraction of radon from 10 ml water samples to 10 ml of an Ultima Gold F scintillation cocktail directly in 22 ml scintillation vials. The samples were counted in a new generation portable liquid scintillation counter, Betascout, without separation of the phases over the period of 30 days after extraction. The average values of the specific activities were equal to 2.95 and 0.64 Bq/dm3 for 222Rn and 226Ra, respectively. The 210Po radionuclide before counting was preconcentrated from 1 dm3 water samples on hydrated manganese oxide and deposited on silver discs. The discs were immersed in 10 ml of the scintillator and their activity was measured also by the same method. The average 210Po concentration was 0.052 Bq/dm3. Activity of the remaining radionuclides was determined by g-spectrometry after their preconcentration on hydrated manganese oxides from 10 dm3 samples. The activities of two radium radionuclides, 224Ra and 226Ra, can be calculated from their basic gamma-lines, whereas 228Ra can be determined from its decay product - 228Ac, and were equal to 0.40, 0.65 and 0.58 Bq/dm3, respectively. The activities of 210Pb and 238U (234Th) were below the detection limit of the method equal to 0.03 Bq/dm3. Based upon the obtained results, it can be concluded that there are not any radiological restrictions for using this water as a heat source or for balneological purposes. However, it cannot be used as drinking water, because the calculated committed effective dose from its one year consumption exceeds the WHO recommended value of 0.1 mSv.