Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

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Zastosowanie surfaktantów niejonowych do usuwania zanieczyszczeń chloroorganicznych z gleby

Pastewski S., Potkańska M., Mędrzycka K.

Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna

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2009

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Nr 5

88-89

PL

Zbadano solubilizację micelarną tetrachloroetylenu w roztworach al-kilopoliglukozydów (Triton BG10 i AG (>210). Przeprowadzono procesy przemywania gleby zanieczyszczonej tetrachloroetylenera przy użyciu roztworów alkilopoliglukozydów oraz oksyetylenowanych alkoholi (Rokanole NL5, NL6, NL8, L7, L10). Określono wpływ hydrofilowości surfaktantu i jego stężenia na efektywność przemywania gleby.

EN

Micellar solubilization of tetrachloroethylene in solutions of alkylpoly-glucosides (Triton BG10, AC 6210) and ability of alkylpolyglucosides and polyethoxylated alcohols (Rokaiiol NL5, NL6, NL8, L7, L10) for removal of tetrachloroethylene from soil were investigated. Influence of hydrophilicity of surfactants and their concentration in solution on washing efficiency was investigated.

2

Monitoring subsurface microbial ecology and demonstrating in situ biodegradation potential using Bio-Sep® Bio-traps

Busch-Harris J. L., Jennings E., Sublette K.L., Roberts K. P., White D. C., Peacock A., Davis G., Ogles D., Holmes W. E., Yang X, Kolhatkar A., Beckmann D., Kolhatkar R.

Chemia i Inżynieria Ekologiczna

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2006

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Vol. 13, nr 5

349--372

EN

Monitored natural attenuation can be a successful management strategy for groundwater contamination if requisite microbial and geochemical conditions are present. Subsurface microbial ecology of a contaminated aquifer is often investigated by sampling groundwater from the plume. However, the subsurface microbial ecology of a contaminated aquifer is better represented by in situ biofilms than planktonic organisms. Conventional sampling to collect the sessile subsurface microbial community requires coring of the aquifer sediments. However, the efficiency of extracting viable microorganisms and biomarkers from these sediments varies with site geochemistry. Therefore, we have developed a rapid and efficient microbial-sampling system based on Bio-Sep® technology. Bio-Sep® consists of 3-4 mm diameter spherical porous beads engineered from a composite of 25 % aramid polymer and 75 % powdered activated carbon. These beads encourage microbial growth by providing high internal surface area with low-shear conditions, and by concentrating limiting nutrients within the groundwater environment. Biomarkers can be efficiently extracted from Bio-Sep® to provide measures of viable biomass, redox environment, and microbial community composition. We have introduced Bio-Sep® beads into aquifers contaminated with tetrachloroethylene, BTEX, MTBE, and uranium where we used Bio-Sep® to evaluate the effects of potential remediation amendments and to demonstrate in situ biodegradation. This paper presents a review of the Bio-Sep technology, and its applications for documenting subsurface microbial ecology and bioprocesses in contaminated aquifers.

PL

Monitoring fauny bakteryjnej obecnej w wodach podziemnych jest dogodnym narzędziem w ocenie jakości środowiska. Tradycyjne techniki pobierania próbek wód podziemnych oraz osadów wymagają wykonania odwiertów w celu pobrania żyjących w wodzie mikroorganizmów. W pracy przedstawiono szybki i sprawny system pobierania próbek mikrobowych, korzystający z technologii Bio-Sep®, składający się z kulek porowatych o średnicy 3-4 mm, stwarzających dogodne warunki do wzrostu mikroorganizmów. Kulki Bio-Sep®, zostały wprowadzone do wód zanieczyszczonych tetrachloroetylenem, BTEX, MTBE oraz uranem. W pracy zaprezentowano technologię Bio-Sep® oraz jej zastosowanie.

3

Interactions of Some Organic Solvents: Hydrocarbons and Chloroalkene

Skowroń J., Miranowicz-Dzierżawska K., Zapór L., Gołofit-Szymczak M., Starek A.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2001

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Vol. 7, No. 1

35--47

EN

Metabolic and toxicodynamic interactions of some organic solvents in rats repeatedly treated with medium dose levels were examined. It was shown that both n-hexane and ethylbenzene significantly inhibited tetrachloroethylene metabolism during a 2-week period. n-Hexane and tetrachloroethylene enhanced metabolism of ethylbenzene whereas ethylbenzene suppressed n-hexane metabolism only at the end of the experiment. Biochemical changes, especially the drop in the level of non-protein sulfhydryl groups in tissues of rats treated with organic solvent mixtures, were significantly less pronounced than those observed after these chemicals were administered separately. These results demonstrate that metabolic interactions between hydrocarbons and chloroalkene may lead to a modification of the biological response to these compounds.

4

Simple and rapid method for the determination of methylene chloride, ethylene dichloride, trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene in atmospheric air

Bartulewicz J., Bartulewicz E., Gawłowski J., Niedzielski J.

Chemia Analityczna

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1998

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Vol. 43, No. 5

887-895

EN

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method for the determination of methylene chloride, ethylene dichloride, trichloethylene and tetrachloethylene in atmospheric air is described. The target compounds are sorbed on activated charcoal and desorbed with p-xylene. Recoveries amount to 95%. The extracts are analyzed by gaz chromatography with electron capture detection. Determination limits are much lower than permissible exposure limits developed in Poland.

PL

Opisano prostą, szybką i tanią metodę oznaczania chlorku metylenu, chlorku etylenu, trichloroetylenu i tetrachloetylenu w powietrzu atmosferycznym. Związki te sorbowane na węglu aktywnym, po czym desorbowane p-ksylenem. Odzysk wynosi 95%. Do analizy ekstraktów zastosowano chromatografię gazową z detektorem wychwytu elektronów. Granice oznaczalności są znacznie niższe od stężeń dopuszczalnych w Polsce.