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Tribological properties of CrNx coatings

Warcholinski B., Gilewicz A.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2009

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Vol. 37, nr 2

498-504

EN

Purpose: The purpose of this work is the characterization of the tribological properties thin Cr-N coatings, both monolayer Cr2N, CrN coatings and multilayer Cr/CrN, Cr2N/CrN coatings, deposited by cathodic arc physical vapour deposition (CAPVD). Design/methodology/approach: The deposition parameters of Cr2N and CrN were determined. Structure of the coatings were investigated using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The XRD examination was carried out to specify the phase structure, EDS to define the chemical composition of the coatings. The investigation includes also microhardness, roughness tests, adhesion, friction coefficient and wear rate. Findings: Basing on the scratch test it was shown that the influence of the architecture on the coating’ adhesion is dominant. It was found that the all tested coatings show high critical load Lc2 >70 N. The multilayer coatings show higher critical load when compared to monolayer coatings. Research limitations/implications: The main limitation of this work is linked to the deposition technique itself.It is difficult to avoid surface defects and pinholes that strongly influence the tribological results. Practical implications: Chromium based coatings present good mechanical properties which allow them to be used in several applications; from decorative to protective coatings. Originality/value: The comparison of adhesion and wear resistance of mono- and multilayer coatings based on chromium. The deposition technology enable to obtain the coatings with high adhesion to the substrate. This may be important to advanced coatings industry.

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Influence of the PVD and CVD technologies on the residual macrostresses and functional properties of the coated tool ceramics

Dobrzański L. A., Skrzypek S., Pakuła D., Mikuła J., Křiž A.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2009

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Vol. 35, nr 2

162-168

EN

Purpose: The goal of this work is to compare the macro-stresses as well as mechanical and functional properties of the PVD and CVD coatings deposited on oxide and nitride ceramics tool. Design/methodology/approach: In the paper the residual macro-stresses of PVD and CVD coatings deposited on tool ceramics substrates, measured with the application of the grazing angle X-ray diffraction geometry are compared in relation to the fundamental mechanical properties like hardness and adhesion. Findings: Basing on the tribological test made by the use of the „pin-on-disk” method, the influence of the residual macro-stresses to wear resistance is being investigated. Practical implications: The process of covering tools with the thin wear resistant PVD and CVD coatings is currently the most commonly method used to extend their life. Investigations of those coatings determining their mechanical properties, chemical composition, and structure, enable to pick out the optimum coatings for given industrial applications. Originality/value: New X-ray diffraction g-sin2ř method based on glancing angle X-ray beam geometry (GID), macro-stresses of the examined CVD and PVD coatings have been measured.

3

Wpływ obróbki cieplnej na strukturę i własności stali szybkotnących wytworzonych metodą PIM

Dobrzański L.A., Matula G.

Inżynieria Materiałowa

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2003

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R. XXIV, nr 6

279-282

PL

Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań stali szybkotnących formowanych z gęstwy polimerowo-proszkowej (PIM) i porównaniu ich do wyników badań stali prasowanych i spiekanych (PM), prasowanych izostatycznie na gorąco (HIP) oraz konwencjonalnych stwierdzono, że strukturę wszystkich badanych stali szybkotnących w stanie zahartowanym, stanowi martenzyt, austenit szczątkowy oraz węgliki pierwotne typu MC i M6C częściowo rozpuszczone w roztworze stałym podczas austenityzowania. Wyższe stężenie węgla powoduje zwiększenie udziału austenitu szczątkowego w stalach (PIM) i niższą twardość po hartowaniu w stosunku do tych samych gatunków wytwarzanych innymi metodami. Wysoki udział austenitu szczątkowego po hartowaniu spada dopiero po odpuszczaniu w temperaturze 600 stopni Celsjusza do wartości 10% dla stali HS6-5-2 PIM oraz 8% dla stali HS12-1-5-5 PIM i powoduje wzrost twardości po odpuszczaniu w tej temperaturze do wartości maksymalnych, wynoszących odpowiednio 63,2 HRC dla stali HS6-5-2 hartowanej z temperatury 1180 stopni Celsjusza i odpuszczonej w 600 stopni Celsjusza oraz 67,6 HRC dla stali HS12-1-5-5 hartowanej z temperatury 1210 stopni Celsjusza i odpuszczonej w 600 stopni Celsjusza. Przeprowadzone badania trybologiczne wykazują, że stale doświadczalne cechują się wysoką odpornością na zużycie ścierne w porównaniu do stali wytwarzanych innymi metodami.

EN

On the basis of investigations of high-speed steels formed out of polymer-powder slurry (PIM) and their comparison with results of investigations of pressed and sintered steels (PM), hot isostatic pressed (HIP) and conventional it has been shown that the structure of all examined high-speed steels in quenched state is martensite, retained austenite and primary carbide MC and M6C types partially dissolve in solid solution during austenitizing. Higher carbon concentration causes increase of the retained austenite portion in those (PIM) steels and lower hardness after quenching in relation to the same grades manufactured by the other method. A high retained austenite portion after quenching falls after tempering at the temperature of 600 degrees centigrade to the value 10% for HS6-5-2 PIM steel and 8% for HS12-1-5-5 PIM steel results in hardness increase after tempering at this temperature to the maximum values equalled 63,2 HRC for HS6-5-2 steel quenched from temperature of 1180 degrees centigrade, and tempered at 600 degrees centigrade and hadness 67,6 HRC for HS12-1-5-5 steel quenched from temperature of 1210 degrees centigrade and tempered at 600 degrees centigrade, respectively. Outcarried tribological investigations have shown that experimental steels are characterised by high abrasive wear with comparison with steels manufactured in the other methods.