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1
Content available Strategy of Development Coastal Areas in a Big City
EN
The article proves that a systematic approach to the urban organization of coastal areas includes complex environmental and recreational tasks. The study examines in detail the need to create a comprehensive strategy for the restoration of the coastal zone. The complex of measures is substantiated, among which the activation of water protection functions of coastal areas, rehabilitation of disturbed territories, use of recreational and town-planning potential of coastal territories for formation of recreational base along water area, development of integrated system of management of processes of coastal zones and integration of ecosystems. The work separately highlights the possibility of creating a recreational cluster that will ensure the continuity of the natural framework, given the multi-vector formation of the urban environment. It is established, that the connection of the recreational cluster with the suburban green strip and water area will create a pedestrian recreational corridor in the city and beyond, as well as contribute to the greening of the city and influence the modeling of ecological infrastructure.
PL
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie będącego obecnie w trakcie realizacji, jednego z największych projektów rozbudowy miasta jaki ma miejsce w Skandynawii, znanego pod nazwą Nordhavnen. Artykuł przybliży podstawowe założenia ideowe i strategie projektowe jakie przyświecały autorom wyłonionej w drodze międzynarodowego konkursu pracy, oraz odpowiadające im praktyczne narzędzia urbanistyczne. Artykuł przyjrzy się jak w praktyce wygląda realizacje założeń koncepcyjnych ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem terenów zielonych - parków kieszonkowych i tzw. stref buforowych - oraz wodnych - terenów nadbrzeżnych. Przeanalizowane zostaną podstawowe dane powierzchniowe w kontekście ich wpływu i roli w kreowaniu wyżej wymienionych przestrzeni.
EN
The goal of the article is the presentation of one of the largest city expansion projects that are currently being executed in Scandinavia, known as Nordhavnen in Copenhagen. The article will familiarise readers with the basic conceptual assumptions and design strategies that were adopted by the authors of its design, as well as the practical urban planning tools that correspond to them. The article will also explore how the implementation of the conceptual assumptions looks like in practice, with a specific emphasis on green areas - pocket parks and so-called edge zones - and those close to water - waterfronts. Basic data concerning various types of surface area in the context of their impact and role in creating the aforementioned spaces were analysed.
PL
Tekst stanowi streszczenie pracy magisterskiej autora pod kierunkiem dr. hab. inż. arch. Jacka Gyurkovicha, prof. PK, pod tytułem: Rewitalizacja Grzegórzek - mediateka w Krakowie, obronionej w październiku 2009 roku na Wydziale Architektury Politechniki Krakowskiej. Jest opisem eksperymentalnego projektu, mającego na celu aktywizację strefy nadbrzeżnej bulwarów wiślanych w Krakowie.
EN
The article is an abstract from the final thesis of the author, is a description of an experimental design of the riverside in Cracow.
EN
The aim of the present study was to describe the diversity and abundance of the mollusc communities in long and diverse series of riparian water bodies (59 in total) and to compare them with previous (two years before) studies based on much shorter series of sites (21 in total). An attempt was made to check whether the previous analysis of mollusc groupings is suitable to the classification of the riparian sites of a large area. The studies were carried out in the years 2004-2006 in left-bank part of the valley between 53 and 152 km of the course of the lowland medium sized natural river (Bug River, Eastern Poland) in 59 water bodies differing as regards size (from about 0.01 to a few ha), location in the valley, hydrological regime and successional stage. The samples were collected from the bottom (with dredge) and from macrophytes. The high species richness and diversity were found within the study area despite that the natural floodplain fragments were quite small (about 10% of the whole investigated fragment of the river valley). 52 mollusc species were noted: 36 snails and 16 bivalves (over 50% more than in the preliminary series). Relatively rich malacofauna existed in larger and younger water bodies, as well as in some temporary ones, but located in the active floodplain. Species diversity of individual habitats was comparable to that reported from the earlier study (Jurkiewicz-Karnkowska 2006), i.e. H' values amounted to 2-3 in most cases. However, there were more cases where H' values exceeded 3, as well as H' values were higher at larger scale, i.e. site groups and the total study area (3.5-4.5). The most common species (F [Greater-than or equal to] 50%) within the investigated area were Lymnaea stagnalis, Bithynia tentaculata, Planorbarius corneus, Anisus vortex, Radix balthica and Viviparus contectus. The most frequent species usually constituted significant components of mollusc communities of individual water bodies. The only species with percentages exceeding 10% of total mollusc abundance at the scale of the study area were P. corneus and L. stagnalis. The abundance of molluscs was of the order of several to a few hundred individuals per sample (0.5-1 m[^2] of bottom). Basing on the occurrence of molluscs in the investigated habitats I-V groups of water bodies were distinguished applying multivariate analysis. They differed in abundance, dominance pattern and diversity of malacocoenoses, as well as frequencies of individual species. Especially high distinctness of malacocoenoses of small temporary water bodies was found.
5
Content available remote Otwarta przestrzeń miejska
PL
Zachodnie nadbrzeże Manhattanu, dziś dzielnica Battery Park City, do czasów II wojny światowej funkcjonowało jako wielki port handlowy. W latach powojennych tereny te podupadły wskutek zmian ekonomicznych i historycznych i stały się nieatrakcyjnym miejscem na Manhattanie. Władze Nowego Jorku postanowiły przekształcić nadbrzeże w atrakcyjną i nowoczesną dzielnicę miasta, gdzie wyeksponowane byłyby wszelkie walory, jakie daje tym terenow bliskość wody. Powołana w tym celu korporacja Battery Park City Authority przez lata rozważała różne możliwości rozbudowy dawnych terenów portowych. Na przykładzie różnych planów zagospodarowania, które powstały od lat 60. XX w. można prześledzić sposób podejścia do projektowania miejskich terenów nadbrzeżnych. Dzisiaj, dzięki trafnym decycjom projektantów i władz miejskich, battery park City jest jednym z najpiękniejszych miejsc na Manhattanie, tętniącym życiem i bardzo atrakcyjnym zarówno dla mieszkańców, jak i turystów.
EN
Battery Park City, a district in New York is built in the left and vandalized area of an old harbor over the Hudson River. before this distict was accomplished several plans of developing of thiese fields had emerged. This article ahows how, during several years, an approach for spatial planning had changed. Architects and municipal authories were suggesting different solutions for this area over the river. Finally, the most flexible and open Master Plan for Battery Park City emerged in 1979 and it has been realized. Today Battery Park City district and Hudson River Park - park along quay, are an examples of similar and open area in a big city, which integrates New York City with enclosing water.
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