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1

Response of methane emissions to water levels in simulated constructed wetlands

Li Yanran, Xu Qin, Ji Shuping, Liu Jian

Environment Protection Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 48, nr 3

5--12

EN

Wetland is an important natural source of methane (CH4) generated under the actions of methanogens in the anaerobic environment. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to quantify the response of methane emissions to water levels by simulating three water levels (10, 20, and 40 cm) in constructed wetlands and the methane was determined by the static chamber-gas chromatograph technique. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the emissions of CH4 were positively correlated with water temperature and air temperature while they were negatively correlated with air humidity. The water levels simulation experiment showed that the emission of CH4 was the highest when the water level was 20 cm and the CH4 concentrations of the water-air interface had different patterns at various water levels in the daytime. In conclusion, water level and temperature should be considered when accounting for greenhouse gas emissions in constructed wetlands as they both have important influences on CH4 emission.

2

Survival of an Endangered Orchid Liparis loeselii in Habitats with Different Water Level Fluctuations

Megre D., Roze D., Dokane K., Jakobsone G., Karlovska A.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2018

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Vol. 66, nr 2

126--138

EN

Liparis loeselii (L.) Rich. is an endangered orchid species which occurs in wetland habitats. For successful conservation of this orchid it is necessary to recognize its adaptive traits and special habitat requirements. Therefore, we examined morphological and anatomical traits in relation to the water level, cover of vascular plants and seed viability of L. loeselii in habitats with different water level fluctuations. Field studies of L. loeselii were carried out in nine localities and four habitat types: alkaline fen, calcareous fen with Cladium mariscus, transition mire and quaking bog. The fluctuations of seasonal water level were defined in the range from dry substrate to short time flooding (up to two weeks). Leaf length and width of 30 flowering specimens of L. loeselii as well as angle between the leaf blade and the axis of the inflorescence were measured at each locality. Seed viability and root anatomy were examined in the laboratory. The leaf angle was significantly affected (P < 0.05) by water level in the studied habitat. The leaf length to width ratio in each population of L. loeselii did not show significant differences between the years, but was characteristic for the habitat type. L. loeselii sensitivity to the long-term flooding in the habitat is associated with a lack of aerenchyma in its roots. During short-term flooding specimens of L. loeselii can survive due to a shallow root system and hyponastic leaf movements. As evidenced by seed viability, the most favourable growth conditions for L. loeselii are in the habitats with partially water saturated substrate with balanced water supply.

3

Wybrane problemy metodyczne pomiaru turbulencyjnej wymiany dwutlenku węgla na terenie podmokłym - Biebrzański Park Narodowy 2010

Pawlak W., Fortuniak K., Siedlecki M., Kłysik K.

Przegląd Geofizyczny

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2012

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Z. 2

255-265

PL

W 2010 roku, w środkowym Basenie Biebrzańskiego Parku Narodowego, przeprowadzono pomiary turbulencyjnej wymiany dwutlenku. Eksperyment przeprowadzono w trzech dwutygodniowych sesjach - na wiosnę, oraz na początku i pod koniec lata, co umożliwiło analizę wpływu fazy rozwoju roślin na intensywność wymiany dwutlenku węgla. Pomiary przeprowadzono za wykorzystaniem metody kowariancji wirów za pomocą standardowego zestawu pomiarowego składającego się z anemometru ultradźwiękowego oraz analizatora gazowego CO2/H2O, których zadaniem była rejestracja fluktuacji pionowej składowej prędkości wiatru oraz stężenia dwutlenku węgla w powietrzu. Podczas pierwszego tygodnia każdej z sesji pomiary prowadzone były na podmokłej łące (turzycowisko na glebie torfowo - murszowej), podczas gdy w drugim tygodniu stanowisko przenoszono na bagno (szuwary i turzycowiska na glebie torfie). Zastosowanie metody kowariancji wirów, najdokładniejszej obecnie metody pozwalającej na pomiar turbulencyjnej wymiany masy i energii między powierzchnią czynną a atmosferą, wciąż napotyka na trudności metodyczne. Pomimo bardzo dużej liczby publikacji szczegółowo opisujących problematykę pomiarów tego typu oraz metod oceny jakości uzyskanych danych, różne grupy badawcze stosują różne rozwiązania. Celem pracy jest prezentacja wybranych problematów metodycznych takich jak wybór długości przedziału uśredniania, stacjonarność danych czy pomiary w warunkach osłabionej turbulencji. Analiza wyników wskazuje, że stosowanie odmiennych rozwiązań metodycznych prowadzi do często bardzo różnych wyników.

EN

In 2010 measurements of carbon dioxide turbulent exchange has been carried out in central basin of Biebrza National Park. Experiment has been realized during three two-weeks sessions - in spring, early and late summer, which enabled analysis of relation between plants grow phase and intensity of carbon dioxide exchange. Measurements has been carried out with eddy covariance method and standard measurement system consists in sonic anemometer and infra red CO2/H2O gas analyzer, which measured fluctuations of, respectively, vertical wind speed carbon dioxide density. During the first week of each session measurements has been carried out above peat meadow and next measurement system has been moved to bog. Using of eddy covariance method, the most accurate way to determining turbulent exchange of mass or energy between active surface and atmosphere, still encounter difficulties. Despite the large number of published papers describing methodological problems of eddy covariance method post-processing, research groups use different solutions. The aim of this paper is to discuss selected methodological problems like averaging period length, data series stationarity and measurements in case of weak turbulence conditions. Analysis shows that different solutions leads to different final results.

4

Problemy ochrony i restytucji mokradeł w Polsce

Dembek W.

Inżynieria Ekologiczna

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2002

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Nr 6

68--85

5

Vegetacne cistiarne odpadovych vod

Svecova A., Ulicka M.

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Rzeszowskiej. Budownictwo i Inżynieria Środowiska

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2000

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z. 32[180], cz.2

425-432

EN

In the last time is waste water treatment very developing branch. Typical is natural biological waste water treatment with plants so-called root waste water treatment plant. Some species of wetland plants assist in purification process and at removing nutrients from water. This method is suitable for small producer of wastewater, for their purification and final purification. Wetlands act as a purification process to clean organic materials, chemicals and other pollutants from ground and surface water.